纳米Al2O3/PVAc复合材料的制备与表征

用硝酸铝和碳酸铵为原料,以聚乙二醇为分散剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米Al2O3溶胶.用液-液混合分散法将制得的纳米Al2O3溶胶分散于聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)的丙酮溶液中,得到无色透明的纳米Al2O3/PVAc复合溶胶,将溶胶刮涂制膜,得无色透明的Al2O3/PVAc复合膜.用透射电子显微镜和拉曼光谱对复合材料进行了表征.激光粒度分析仪分析表明,Al2O3在PVAc粒径在30～35 nm范围内,平均密度31.2 nm、体积平均27.5 nm、数均25.3 nm .Zeta电位值为-42.5 mV.并对Al2O3/PVAc复合溶胶进行紫外吸收测试,结果显示,与纯PVAc溶液相比,最大吸收峰蓝移10.4 nm,且吸光度增加2.3倍.     

PI/TiO2纳米复合膜的H2/CH4和H2/N2分离性能

以可溶性聚酰亚胺为基质 ,经乙酸修饰后的钛酸丁酯为TiO2 溶胶前体 ,NMP为共溶剂 ,采用溶胶凝胶法可制得PI/TiO2 纳米复合膜。采用XPS、TEM和气体透气性能测试等手段 ,对复合膜的结构和H2 分离性能进行了表征。结果表明 ,复合膜中钛酸丁酯已转化为TiO2 ,PI与TiO2 两相结合完好。TiO2 以颗粒状均匀分布在PI基质中 ,其颗粒粒径约为 1 0nm。复合膜的H2 ,N2 和CH4 透气系数随着TiO2 含量的增加而明显增加。当TiO2 含量为2 2 3 %时 ,对H2 的透气系数为 1 4 .1Barrer,对H2 /N2 和H2 /CH4 的分离系数分别为 1 87.5和 1 4 3 .2 ,因此 ,该复合膜是一种较为理想的H2 分离和回收膜材料     

纳米ZnO/TiO2复合颗粒制备及紫外屏蔽性能研究

以Ti(SO4)2和Zn(AC)2为原料,在制备金红石型纳米TiO2粉体的基础上,用溶胶凝胶法制得纳米ZnO／TiO2复合粉体．实验结合纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO的优点制得一种广谱防晒剂．TEM显示该复合颗粒为核一壳式结构;XRD分析该复合颗粒内核为金红石型TiO2,表面包覆一层六方晶系ZnO且该复合颗粒中存在强的化学键．UV-Vis测试表明该复合颗粒在整个紫外区的吸收能力达到85％,在UVA(320-400nm)区吸收性能比纯的TiO2强得多．     

PI／TiO2纳米复合膜的H2／CH4和H2／N2分离性能

以可溶性聚酰亚胺为基质，经乙酸修饰后的钛酸丁酯为TiO2溶胶前体，NMP为共溶剂，采用溶胶—凝胶法可制得PI／TiO2纳米复合膜。采用XPS、TEM和气体透气性能测试等手段，对复合膜的结构和H2分离性能进行了表征。结果表明，复合膜中钛酸丁酯已转化为TiO2，PI与TiO2两相结合完好。TiO2以颗粒状均匀分布在PI基质中，其颗粒粒径约为10nm。复合膜的H2，N2和CH4透气系数随着TiO2含量的增加而明显增加。当TiO2含量为22．3％时，对H2的透气系数为14．1Barrer，对H2/N2和H2／CH4的分离系数分别为187．5和143．2，因此，该复合膜是一种较为理想的H2分离和回收膜材料。     

TiO_2/SiO_2纳米粉体的相变及其红外性能

以溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2/SiO2复合粉体,用XRD,AFM,IR等方法进行了表征,研究了纳米TiO2/SiO2复合材料的晶型转变温度变化和红外吸收性能.结果表明,所制备的纳米TiO2/SiO2复合材料与单一组分的纳米TiO2,SiO2相比,晶型转变温度有提高的趋势,并且该复合材料在1700～400cm-1范围内有较强的红外吸收.     

Ti02纳米晶的低温制备及其抗紫外线性能

采用溶胶一凝胶法,在低温条件下制备纳米TiO2.用x射线衍射(xRD)对其结构和粒径进行表征,并测试分析了纳米TiO2溶胶对紫外一可见光的透射和吸收特性.结果表明,制得的纳米TiO2为锐钛矿型纳米晶,粒子尺寸小于10nm纳米TiO2溶胶在波长250-350nm的紫外光区透射率极小.在220-340 nm区域出现强吸收峰.将制得的纳米TiO2制成整理剂用于织物的整理.经过处理的棉织物对紫外线的阻隔率明显提高,紫外线防护指数(UPF值)从来处理时的6.72增加到50以上,表现出优异的抗紫外线性能.     

TiO2纳米晶的低温制备及其抗紫外线性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,在低温条件下制备纳米TiO2,用X射线衍射（XRD）对其结构和粒径进行表征,并测试分析了纳米TiO2溶胶对紫外-可见光的透射和吸收特性．结果表明,制得的纳米TiO2为锐钛矿型纳米晶,粒子尺寸小于10nm.纳米TiO2溶胶在波长250-350nm的紫外光区透射率极小,在220-340nm区域出现强吸收峰．将制得的纳米TiO2制成整理剂用于织物的整理．经过处理的棉织物对紫外线的阻隔率明显提高,紫外线防护指数（UPF值）从未处理时的6．72增加到50以上,表现出优异的抗紫外线性能．     

静电纺丝技术制备Tb（BA）3phen/PVP复合纤维与发光性质研究

采用静电纺丝技术合成Tb(BA)3phen/PVP复合纤维.扫描电镜分析表明,纤维表面光滑,无交联,直径集中分布在350 nm.红外光谱分析表明,Tn3+与配体发生键合,在424 cm-1出现了Tb3+ - O2-特征振动峰.紫外-可见吸收光谱分析表明,Tb (BA)3 phen/PVP复合物的吸收带发生蓝移.激发光谱分析表明,Tb(BA)3 phen/PVP复合纤维在214-355 nm之间有较宽的吸收谱带,对应着配体的π→π*跃迁,最佳吸收波长位于275 nm.发射光谱分析表明,最强发射峰位于545 nm处,对应着Tb3+的5 D4→7 F5跃迁.     

复合纳米Fe2O3/TiO2的制备、表征及光催化活性

采用将TiO2加入Fe(OH)3胶体中的方法制得复合的Fe2O3/TiO2纳米粒子.以光催化降解甲胺磷研究其光催化活性,并通过XRD、TEM、DRS等分析方法,探讨了影响其光催化活性的原因.结果表明,Fe2O3的复合量对Fe2O3/TiO2的活性影响很大,当n(Fe)n(Ti)＜0.3%时,复合物Fe2O3/TiO2的光催化活性大于TiO2,最佳的复合量为0.2%.当复合量大于0.5%时,复合物Fe2O3/TiO2的光催化活性低于TiO2.锻烧温度及锻烧时间对复合物Fe2O3/TiO2光催化活性均有影响.用XRD确定掺杂前后TiO2的晶型均为锐钛矿型,当复合量大于0.7%时才能看到Fe2O3的衍射峰.TEM照片表明,由于复合量小,复合前后颗粒直径和晶粒直径基本一致.反射率光谱图表明,在360～650 nm范国内复合物Fe2O3/TiO2吸收光的性能比TiO2好,亦即增强了对可见光的吸收.     

金属纳米银粒子复合膜吸收红移和展宽现象

通过溶胶凝胶法(Sol-Geltechnique),从银胶中获得纳米银粒子,将金属纳米银粒子掺入明胶基质中,从而制备出金属纳米银粒子复合膜.电镜(TEM)测量结果表明,所掺入的银粒子确属纳米量级.与纳米银粒子溶胶相比,复合膜中银颗粒尺寸分布变宽,颗粒平均尺寸增大.实验测试了复合膜的紫外可见光范围的光吸收性质,发现其存在吸收谱展宽和吸收峰红移现象,并用量子阱理论给予解释.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that