变截面柔性杆撞击动力学子结构法研究

采用固定界面模态综合子结构法对柔性体的撞击问题进行研究.首先提出研究的力学模型,将模型子结构离散化,导出撞击时多自由度高度非线性的动力学方程,运用无条件稳定的直接积分法(Newmark法)对动力学方程进行求解,得到了变截面柔性杆撞击力的时间历程和其他动力响应.通过重点研究柔性体子结构单元离散的划分与其物理参数之间的关系对计算结果的影响,得到了变截面柔性杆子结构离散的基本准则.此外,首次实现了对柔性体中瞬态应力波和速度波传播过程的刻画,可以显示撞击瞬态波多个波阵面传播.研究结果表明子结构法能够完整地描述变截面柔性体的撞击过程和分析撞击瞬态波传播机理,可以更广泛地应用于其他实际柔性机械系统撞击动力学问题的研究.     

计算碰撞力的方法

在子结构离散的柔性多体系统的动力学基础上,由质点系统的质心运动定理建立了与接触碰撞有关约束的Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ乘子和撞击力的关系．计算了平面三连杆机构在撞击过程中撞击力的变化规律和一些特殊节点相对浮动坐标系的平移位移,以及太阳电池阵展开过程中各构件之间的撞击力．通过计算发现,撞击力经过一定时间达到峰值后逐渐下降．在撞击发生时参加碰撞的物体的动力学响应较大,但其他物体的动力学响应很小,由此可见,冲击波在柔性体中传播需要一定的时间．     

嵌入面向结构式衬套的悬架和整车性能

为了准确分析橡胶衬套复杂的多向耦合变形对悬架和整车性能的影响,提出了面向结构的橡胶衬套建模分析方法.根据实际的橡胶衬套尺寸、材料和结构建立其柔性体模型.以刚性主节点替代衬套内外金属套筒作为衬套子结构的主节点(界面点),以金属约束表面上的节点作为从节点,在主从节点处建立多点约束(MPC),实现衬套约束表面与金属套筒的位移随动.基于固定界面模态综合法,对衬套柔性体模型进行模态截断,通过模态叠加再现衬套的实际变形.将橡胶衬套柔性体嵌入双横臂前悬架和多连杆后悬架,通过仿真得出了不同工况下悬架的柔性特性指标与衬套刚度的非线性关系曲线.将前后悬架搭建成整车刚柔耦合模型,分析了整车瞬态响应指标与衬套刚度的非线性关系,探明了衬套刚度对整车操纵稳定性指标的影响趋势.结果表明:改变前后悬架衬套刚度使悬架的C特性发生变化后,可以达到明显改善车辆的瞬态响应的目的;在衬套刚度变化范围内,前后脚部地板加速度均方根值成离散分布情况.     

直接迁移子结构法及在叠积电抗器抗震分析中的应用

针对工程中常见的链式结构的特点,将频响函数和迁移矩阵引入动态子结构方法中,提出了简单高效的直接迁移子结构方法.该方法用子结构的部分特征对来直接计算子结构的频响函数矩阵,从而组成各子结构的迁移矩阵.运用综合求解,可得到整体结构的特征对与谐和激励响应,不仅可大大提高计算效率,而且使主模态的求解变得简明.用此方法计算了三相叠积电抗器的固有频率,根据虚拟激励法把随机载荷转化为虚拟谐和激励,并计算了该结构的随机地震响应.计算结果表明,用直接迁移子结构法求解三相叠积电抗器的固有频率可以节省5/6的计算时间,计算随机地震响应则至少可以缩短1/3的计算时间,从而证明了直接迁移子结构法的有效性和在工程中的实用性.     

大跨度空间网格结构节点损伤识别定位

为检测大跨度空间网格结构状况,对大跨度空间网格结构的节点损伤识别定位进行了研究,提出了适用于大跨度空间网格结构节点损伤识别的两步定位法.利用模态曲率变化比进行节点损伤的初定位,识别出损伤节点所在的子结构;以此子结构为研究对象,利用杆端应变模态变化比对节点损伤进行准确定位.以天津奥林匹克中心体育场屋盖结构为计算模型进行了节点损伤识别的定位模拟,结果表明,模态曲率变化比对节点损伤比较敏感,在节点发生较小程度损伤时便能将其所在的子结构准确地定位;杆端应变模态变化比能够准确地识别节点损伤的确切位置;从而验证了节点损伤两步定位法对大跨度空间网格结构的节点损伤识别定位的适用性和有效性.     

桥梁多次重撞击动力学响应的瞬态波效应法

为精确计算地震过程中桥梁的瞬态波响应,研究了多次重撞击现象对桥梁地震响应和安全性能的影响。针对剧烈竖向地震作用下梁可能偏离支座的双跨单墩连续梁桥,采用Ber-noulli-Euler梁模型描述上部结构和St.VENANT杆理论模拟桥墩结构。将竖向地震动以正弦激励形式的人工地震激励代替,应用瞬态波传播理论研究地震过程中上部结构和桥墩之间的多次重撞击现象。提出了计算桥梁多次重撞击瞬态动力学响应的瞬态波效应法。该方法避免了求解耦合重撞击力的强非线性方程,能够较精确地计算多次重撞击过程和分离过程中的瞬态波响应,准确描述结构中的撞击波传播现象。研究结果表明:重撞击力数值巨大;随着桥墩弹性模量的增大,最大重撞击力逐渐增大,而最大墩顶位移逐渐减小;竖向地震动引起的多次重撞击对桥梁的地震响应有较大影响,应当在连续梁桥的抗震设计中予以考虑。     

作大范围运动弹性结构振动频率及模态的摄动解

根据参数摄动理论,建立了作大范围运动弹性结构特征频率与模态的摄动理论,推导了作大范围运动弹性结构的特征频率与模态的1阶、2阶摄动方程.以作大范围运动弹性梁为例,求解了作大范围转动弹性梁振动频率与模态的1阶、2阶摄动近似解,并与结构动力学意义下的频率与模态进行了比较.该方法解决了在柔性多体系统中大范围运动对柔性体变形运动的振动频率与模态的影响这类刚 柔耦合问题,同时为任意柔性多体系统刚 柔耦合动力学程式化建模提供了高效、精确的离散方法.     

刚体-柔性梁系统的撞击动力学分析

该文研究了刚体-柔性梁系统作大范围旋转运动时的撞击动力学问题。采用子系统法建立了考虑“动力刚化”效应的系统刚柔耦合动力学方程,并采用假设模态描述变形,将偏微分形式的动力学方程转化为常微分方程。基于系统的动力学方程导出撞击时系统的广义冲量-动量方程,与撞击恢复系数方程相结合求出撞击动力学响应。文中给出了算例,验证了该文方法,并对大范围旋转运动下的刚体-柔性梁系统的动力学进行了探讨。     

计及铰链间隙的机械臂动力学建模与仿真

工程中的机械多体系统都存在铰链间隙问题,铰链间隙使系统的约束条件、自由度数目和拓扑结构发生变化.根据Hertz接触定律和Coulomb摩擦定律,建立了含间隙平面旋转铰的力学模型;采用几何变形约束法和模态缩聚技术描述了柔性机械臂的非线性变形;同时考虑两个旋转铰的间隙特性和柔性臂的弹性,最终采用Kane方程建立了含铰链间隙的刚-柔机械臂系统的动力学模型.以Mathematica软件为编程工具.对含两个铰链间隙的双刚性臂系统进行了仿真计算,得到了更加真实的动力学响应.     

求解动力系统响应的高精度改进模态叠加算法

为了求得更精确的动力系统响应值,该文提出了1个求解动力系统响应的高精度改进模态叠加算法.使用该算法,不仅可以得到系统低阶模态的响应值,而且可以利用较低阶模态响应信息得到系统高阶模态的响应近似值.相比于实用的改进模态叠加算法,该算法的适用载荷可以拓宽到普通载荷(如突变载荷).该算法弥补了有限元分析忽略高阶信息的不足,还可以推广应用于利用动力子结构等求解模态信息的大型动力系统响应.文中给出了两个算例,计算结果表明高精度改进模态叠加算法精度远远好于传统的模态叠加算法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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