磁性Fe3O4纳米微粒的水热合成及表征

以FeC l2.4H2O和FeC l3.6H2O为原料,采用水热法合成了Fe3O4磁性纳米微粒.考察了不同氧化还原剂,螯合剂和表面活性剂等因素对产物形貌和尺寸的影响,运用透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)和X-射线衍射(XRD)对其微结构进行了表征,还用振动样品磁强计(VSM)对样品的基本磁性能进行了表征.     

超声振荡制备纳米α-Fe_2O_3及其光催化脱色性能研究

采用并流沉淀法并在超声辅助下制备了纳米α-Fe2O3,以甲基橙为模拟污染物对α-Fe2O3的光催化脱色性能进行考察,并用比表面(BET)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对所制备的纳米α-Fe2O3进行了表征。结果表明,超声震荡对纳米α-Fe2O3的比表面参数、形貌、晶粒大小和光生电子-空穴的分离效应能产生显著的影响,从而使其光催化性能得到了显著提高。在α-Fe2O3中起催化作用的主要是空穴,超声制备α-Fe2O3的光催化活性是无超声制备α-Fe2O3的1.5倍。     

γ-Fe2O3纳米微晶的超声共混法制备及其性能研究

以亚铁氰化钾、硼氢化钠和氨水为原料,在超声波辅助下制备了磁性γ-Fe2O3纳米粒子,并借助扫描电镜(SEM)、红外谱图(FTIR)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)及振动样品磁强计(VSM)对产物进行了分析.结果表明,在温度100℃~120℃,超声处理1~3h时,可制备出γ-Fe2O3纳米微晶.且随着超声时间的延长,所制备晶体的粒径分别趋于均匀,结构更加完整.     

尿素均相沉淀法制备菱形Gd_2O_3:Eu~(3+)纳米荧光粒子

以尿素为沉淀剂,稀土氯化物为原料,采用均相沉淀法制备Eu~(3+)掺杂的Gd_2O(CO_3)_2·H_2O纳米粒子,经过煅烧后得到Gd_2O_3:Eu~(3+)纳米荧光粉。利用扫描电镜(SEM)对纳米粒子的形貌和粒径进行表征,采用X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)等对纳米粒子的成分进行分析,研究了回流时间对纳米粒子的形貌和粒径的影响。结果表明:在回流结晶的过程中无定形的球形Gd_2O(CO_3)_2·H_2O纳米粒子逐步转化为菱形Gd_2O(CO_3)_2·H_2O纳米晶,煅烧后转化为立方相的Gd_2O_3:Eu~(3+),且在煅烧过程中它们的氧化物继承其碳酸盐前驱体的形貌。荧光测试表明,该菱形Gd_2O_3:Eu~(3+)纳米荧光粒子在253 nm紫外光激发下,其发射主峰位于611 nm,表现出强烈的红光。     

硬脂酸凝胶法制备尖晶石型NiCo2O4纳米晶体

采用硬脂酸凝胶法制备磁性NiCo2O4纳米颗粒.通过红外(FT-IR)、热重(TG)对前驱物进行分析;X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)研究了煅烧温度对NiCo2O4晶体形成的影响;透射电镜(TEM)、振动试样磁强计(VSM)对产物的形貌及磁性能进行表征.结果表明,380℃保温6h可以获得单一晶相的NiCo2O4尖晶石纳米颗粒,粒度分布较窄,平均粒径约为9nm,矫顽力为147 Oe,饱和磁化强度为2.22emu·g-1.     

自牺牲模板法合成Mn_2O_3纳米管

文章以-βMnO2纳米管作为自牺牲模板,在空气中550°C煅烧90 min,首次合成了立方相Mn2O3(c-Mn2O3)纳米管。用X-射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、选区电子衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜及高分辨透射电子显微镜等对所制备的样品进行表征。结果表明,所制备样品为纯相的单晶c-Mn2O3,直径为200~500 nm,长度可达几微米。     

以Al13和氯化铝为铝源合成莫来石

以[AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12]7+(简称Al13)和氯化铝为铝源,以硅酸钠和活化硅酸为硅源,采用4种组合方法,研究莫来石的合成.通过27Al NMR、X射线衍射和红外吸收光谱等研究反应过程及材料微结构演变.结果表明:以Al13为铝源制备α-Al2O3具有低温优势;以活化硅酸和Al13为硅源和铝源制备的莫来石前驱体,经900℃煅烧生成莫来石,经1200℃煅烧生成单相莫来石,其机理在于在前驱体中已经形成类莫来石的 SiOAl 键合.     

LiCo0.95Al0.03Zr0.02O2材料的制备与电化学性能研究

以碳酸锂、四氧化三钴为原料,采用高温固相烧结法制备了锂离子电池正极材料L iCo0.95A l0.03Zr0.02O2,用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对材料的结构与形貌进行了表征,并组装实际电池测试了材料的电化学性能.研究结果表明,材料的实际电化学可逆容量达142mAh/g,3.6v以上电压放电容量比例达85%,循环性能好.     

静电纺丝法制备Eu3+掺杂的氧化钆纳米纤维

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP) 为络合剂与Gd(NO3)3·6H2O和Eu(NO3)3·6H2O反应制得前驱体溶液, 采用静电纺丝技术制备了PVP／Gd(NO3)3·Eu(NO3)3复合纳米纤维,经焙烧得到分布均匀、具有较大比表面积的Gd2O3:Eu3+纳米纤维。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)及差热-热重分析(TG-DTA)等现代分析手段对纤维的表面形貌、纯度和结晶度进行了表征。荧光光谱分析表明:随着烧结温度的升高,Gd2O3:Eu3+纳米纤维的结晶度就越高,其荧光性能也越来越强。     

静电纺丝制备太阳光活性空心Ce/ZnO复合纳米纤维

以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O为铈源、Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O为锌源、聚丙烯腈为载体,运用静电纺丝技术结合高温焙烧制备了Ce掺杂的ZnO(Ce/ZnO)纳米催化剂.采用扫描电镜、热重分析仪、X-射线衍射对制得的复合纳米材料的结构进行分析,并对其光催化降解孔雀石绿的性能进行研究.研究结果表明:在制得的催化剂样品中C...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the