纤毛虫摄食对浮游植物光合色素降解规律的初步研究

在实验室培养条件下,运用基于HPLC(高效液相色谱)的色素分析技术,以叶绿素a和主要类胡萝卜素的降解产物为指示,研究了海洋纤毛虫摄食微藻过程中对光合色素降解的影响以及降解规律.研究发现了对纤毛虫摄食活动有潜在指示意义的特征指示色素Pheophoribide a2.纤毛虫与桡足类对浮游植物的摄食过程对被摄食者色素降解影响规律不同.纤毛虫摄食过程对叶绿素a的降解效率显著低于桡足类摄食过程,且不存在对类胡萝卜素的降解偏好性.     

厦门港西海域冬季微型浮游动物在碳循环中的作用

于2004年2月在厦门港宝珠屿利用稀释法和饵料浓度差减法培养实验,同步研究了微型浮游动物对浮游植物的摄食压力和对一种优势桡足类瘦尾胸刺水蚤(C en tropages tenuirem isThompson et Scott)的饵料贡献.结果表明,微型浮游动物对浮游植物现存量的摄食压力为38%,对初级生产力的摄食压力为63%;瘦尾胸刺水蚤对微型浮游动物纤毛虫和对浮游植物的清滤率分别为3.08 mL.ind-1.h-1和0.31mL.ind-1.h-1,摄食率分别为0.44μg.ind-1.d-1和0.24μg.ind-1.d-1.纤毛虫对此种桡足类的饵料贡献比为65%~95%.由此可见,微型浮游动物在冬季厦门海域的海洋生态系统中,对浮游植物的生产和归宿起着十分重要的调控作用,在浮游植物和桡足类之间起着重要的营养连接作用.     

硅藻对桡足类生长和生殖的作用

将海洋生态学中的两个热点问题--硅藻对桡足类生殖的抑制作用和桡足类的食物选择性联系到一起,分别总结了它们研究进展的现状,指出这两个问题是紧密相关的.硅藻的次级代谢产物或其本身的营养缺陷能对桡足类的生长、生殖和发育造成伤害,包括幼体死亡率和坏卵率升高,产卵率和生长率降低等.但在自然条件下桡足类会选择多样性的食物来适应环境的变化,从而保证了种群的延续.因此,在实验室或硅藻水华期间观察到的伤害作用只是桡足类摄食调控策略失效的特例.研究桡足类在自然界的摄食策略是了解硅藻造成伤害的条件和机制的前提,也为了解生态系统的物质循环和能量流动提供帮助.     

几种赤潮藻对中华哲水蚤摄食、产卵和孵化的影响

研究桡足类中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicusBrodsky)对几种赤潮藻(假微型海链藻Thalassiosira pseudonana,威氏海链藻T.weissflogii,三角褐指藻Phaeodactylum tricornutum,锥状施氏藻Scrippsiella trochoidea,裸甲藻Gymnodiniumsp.,东海原甲藻Prorocentrum donghaiense,塔玛亚历山大藻Alexandrium tamarense)的选择摄食以及赤潮藻对桡足类产卵率与孵化率的影响.结果表明,桡足类在混合食物中对个体小的藻类摄食率明显降低.在高浓度饵料条件下,桡足类对藻类的摄食模式与低浓度时不同,即滤食率与饵料藻细胞的大小成反比.桡足类在以威氏海链藻为饵料时,产卵率随藻类浓度的增加而上升(0.2~20.6 ind.ind-1.d-1),而孵化率却随之下降(100%~70.9%).以裸甲藻、东海原甲藻、塔玛亚历山大藻为饵料,桡足类仍能有较高的产卵率(分别为13.0、16.6和9.4 ind.ind-1.d-1).但喂食裸甲藻、塔玛亚历山大藻,其卵孵化率降低(分别为58.2%和79.8%).     

福建省九龙江江东库区浮游动物的生态研究

于2010年3月-2011年2月对福建省九龙江江东库区的浮游动物进行了生态调查研究.研究结果表明,调查期间共采集到浮游动物99种,其中原生动物20种,轮虫29种,枝角类39种,桡足类11种.浮游动物丰度年均为5 486.73L-1,浮游动物的丰度主要由原生动物和轮虫组成,其中原生动物丰度最高,为4 926.90 L-1,轮虫为552.91L-1,枝角类为5.13 L-1,桡足类丰度最低,年均为1.79 L-1.浮游动物丰度最高值出现在11月,最低值出现在3月.温度是影响浮游动物群落的主要影响因子,轮虫和桡足类丰度分别与叶绿素a(Chl a)浓度存在显著正相关性.挖沙船的频繁活动可能促进了原生动物的生长,降低了浮游动物群落丰富度.短滞留时间和鱼类的捕食压力是造成枝角类和桡足类丰度低下的主要原因.     

葡萄浆果成熟过程中色素的变化及相互关系

以葡萄早熟品种京亚和晚熟品种夕阳红为试材，研究了浆果成熟过程中各色素发育的规律及相互关系．试验结果表明：果实成熟着色过程中，两品种果皮中花青苷含量呈上升趋势，叶绿素含量、叶绿素b／a呈下降趋势，类胡萝卜素含量先降低后升高．葡萄浆果着色是花青苷含量增加和叶绿素含量降低的共同结果．果皮叶绿素含量、叶绿素b／a均与花青苷含量呈极显著负相关关系，而类胡萝卜素含量与花青苷含量间无显著相关性。     

紫外线-B对银杏光合生理指标的影响

在自然光照的基础上 ,用 0 μW cm-2 (CK组 )、 10 0 μW cm-2 (L组 )和 2 2 0 μW cm-2 (H组 ) 3种强度的紫外线 B (UV -B ,2 80～ 32 0nm)辐射处理银杏苗木 ,研究UV -B辐射增强对银杏光合作用的影响 .结果表明 :UV -B辐射增强最终导致了银杏叶片光合色素含量 (包括叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素 )、叶绿素a的含量与叶绿素b的含量的比值、Hill反应活力和净光合速率下降 .分析认为 ,光合色素的降解和Hill反应活力的下降是导致净光合速率下降的重要原因     

水稻拔节期水分胁迫及复水对叶片叶绿体色素的影响

通过盆栽试验,对水稻拔节期不同程度、不同历时的水分胁迫及复水后叶片叶绿体色素含量变化及其机理进行了研究.结果表明:胁迫历时对叶绿体色素的影响大于胁迫程度对叶绿体色素的影响.短历时(5 d)胁迫会增加叶绿素含量,复水后会降低叶绿素含量,且重度胁迫复水后对叶绿素的补偿效应强于轻度胁迫复水后对叶绿素的补偿效应;长历时(10 d)胁迫会降低叶绿素含量,复水后会增加叶绿素含量,且轻度胁迫复水后对叶绿素的补偿效应强于重度胁迫复水后对叶绿素的补偿效应.水分胁迫会增加叶绿素a与b的质量比,复水后会降低叶绿素a与b的质量比.类胡萝卜素含量的变化趋势与叶绿素含量的变化趋势一致.     

补充照光对番茄幼苗生长和结果的影响

研究了补充照光对大棚番茄幼苗生长及其叶片IAA合成、降解酶活性的影响.结果表明,补充照光可使番茄株高明显降低,使其单株干重明显增高,但对其单株鲜重及茎粗无明显影响.补充照光还使番茄叶片叶绿素a,叶绿素b,叶绿素a/叶绿素b比值和叶绿素/类胡萝卜素比值明显降低,但引起类胡萝卜素含量极显著增加.补充照光不仅能使番茄果实提前成熟,还在较大程度上提高了番茄产量.补充照光使番茄幼苗叶片醛氧化酶、过氧化物酶和IAA过氧化物酶活性显著下降,但使IAA氧化酶活性明显增高.     

OH(.)对扁藻光合色素的影响强度

研究不同比值浓度的羟基溶液对赤潮藻类中扁藻光合色素的影响.溶液中羟基的比值浓度分别为0、0.2 mg/L、0.4 mg/L、0.6 mg/L,检测不同时间时叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素的含量.当羟基在水中的比值浓度低于0.2 mg/L时,扁藻光合色素当时受到抑制,但过一段时间后继续增殖;当比值浓度达到0.4 mg/L,扁藻光合色素开始减少,但是效果不太明显;当比值浓度达到0.6 mg/L时,即时测量叶绿素a、b含量分别减少了73.91%和74.85%,类胡萝卜素含量减少了70.29%,而在24 h、48 h、72 h时检测,叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素含量均减少到低于检测方法的最低限.说明羟基对藻类具有很强的杀灭作用,是治理赤潮有效、可行、理想的方法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with