耕作方式与接种根瘤菌对土壤肥力及豌豆产量与品质的影响

以'中豌四号'豌豆品种为材料,采用双因素随机区组设计,在冬闲稻田上采用免耕和翻耕两种耕作方式,种植接种和不接种根瘤菌两个处理,探讨不同耕作方式与接种根瘤菌对培肥冬闲稻田肥力及豌豆产量与品质的影响.结果表明:免耕下种植接种或不接种根瘤菌均可显著提高有机质含量.免耕处理及翻耕-接种处理均可显著提高土壤全氮含量,但耕作方式与...     

不同相思根瘤菌株接种厚荚相思幼苗效应的比较

从不同立地条件的6种相思林中采集根瘤并分离14株根瘤菌,将其接种到厚荚相思幼苗。结果表明,从广西本地分离的土根瘤菌比对照菌株L1(从中国林科院引进的外来优良菌种)有更好的共生效应。从综合效应看,多数菌株接种的厚荚相思幼苗与对照相比,其苗高生长量增加4．5％～18．6％,地径生长量增加2．5％～46．8％,固氮酶活性提高7．6％～241．8％,叶绿素含量提高11．0％～19．1％,叶片硝酸还原酶活性提高3．3％～34．4％,叶片含氮量提高7．4％～43．8％,叶片含磷量提高9．1％～72．7％,叶片含钾量提高8．39／6,叶片合钙量提高7．3％～41．5％,叶片含镁量提高12．5％～25．0％,叶片含铁量提高10％以上。     

豌豆根瘤菌RND外排转运基因tpaA的功能研究

Rhizobium. leguminosarum 3841 tpa A基因编码RND家族内膜外排转运蛋白,RND外排泵的过量表达是革兰阴性菌细菌抗生素耐药性形成的重要原因之一.采用基因同源重组构建豌豆根瘤菌tpa A基因突变株RLtpa A,并研究了该基因突变对根瘤菌生长、抗生素耐药性以及共生固氮的影响.结果表明,tpa A基因突变会使根瘤菌在AMS基本培养基生长延迟,但不影响其在TY天然培养基中的正常生长. tpa A基因突变可能抑制了根瘤菌中的RND家族外排泵的过量表达,从而使其抗生素耐药性降低.接种了tpa A基因突变株的豌豆植株能形成红色有效根瘤,但其接种根瘤固氮酶活性降低.实时荧光定量RT-PCR分析表明tpa A基因在根瘤类菌体中的表达显著上调.     

绿豆根瘤菌形态研究

本文对12个品种绿豆根瘤进行采集、培养，并通过染色对根瘤情况及根瘤菌形态学进行研究，结果表明：①12个品种中V3476、博绿2号外形为卵圆形，其余均为椭圆形；②根瘤着生部位除绿洲1号、95515只着生在侧根外其余品种的主根、侧根均着生根瘤；③不同品种的绿豆根瘤在同一生长时期的根瘤在大小和结瘤率上明显不同，根瘤生长最大的品种是长荚绿豆，根瘤直径为2．76～6．84mm，根瘤最小的为维绿1号，直径为1．2～3．32mm，结瘤率最高的为河北明绿、长莫绿豆、中绿1号、秦豆6、达90％，维绿1号结瘤率最低，仅为20％；④在甘露醇-酵母汁培养基上生长的孤立菌落只有长荚绿豆、秦豆6的菌落形态型为R，其余均为S；⑤培养72小时，菌落大小各有相同，生长最快的为长荚绿豆，直径达9．1mm，生长最慢的为南绿1号，直径为6．6mm；⑥绿豆根瘤菌为短杆状、长椭圆形．     

OsmC基因在豌豆根瘤菌抗氧化和共生中的功能

为研究OsmC基因在豌豆根瘤菌抗氧化和共生固氮中的功能,以豌豆根瘤菌RL3841的OsmC基因为研究对象,通过同源重组获得了OsmC基因突变株RLOsmC.结果表明:OsmC基因突变不影响豌豆根瘤菌的自生生长能力,但对无机氧化物H_2O_2和低浓度有机氧化物氢过氧化枯烯(CuOOH)都十分敏感.突变株RLOsmC感染豌豆宿主能形成红色有效根瘤,但是其固氮酶活降低了18.3%.OsmC基因的表达不受H_2O_2的诱导,但在7 d根瘤类菌体中表达量显著上调.表明根瘤菌OsmC基因在共生和抗氧化功能中发挥了重要的作用.     

用~(15)N 示踪法测定2,4-D 诱发的小麦和向日葵根瘤的固氮活性

用~(15)N 示踪法定性测定了经2,4-D 诱发的、接种豇豆根瘤菌(R.sp),菜豆根瘤茵(R.phaseoli)等四种根瘤菌和圆褐固氮菌(Az.chroococcum)的小麦(Triticum aesticum)和向日葵(Helianthus annuus)根瘤,结果表明具有固氮活性。     

T0501010 生物固氮技术在药用植物甘草种植中的应用

为了有效改善人工种植甘草的品质，提高种植效益，该项目在甘草人工种植中大面积引入根瘤菌生物固氮技术。通过人工接种根瘤菌剂，提高根瘤的生长和固氮能力，促进甘草的生长发育。接菌示范表明，接种组比对照组所结根瘤率提高，单株根瘤数增多，个体增大，接种根瘤对甘草地上、地下部分的生长均有明显的促进作用。经田间调查显示，接种甘草较未接种甘草根部直径增粗5倍之多，     

大豆和花生根瘤菌氢酶的研究

根瘤菌在共生固氮过程中因放H2所消耗的能量约占固所氮总能量的40%-6%。吸氢酶则能回收和利用固氮过程所放的H2,养活能量损失,从而提高共生固氮效率。在厌氧条件下,加入防止酶蛋白聚合的试剂,利用DEAE-纤维素和Sephacry S-200柱层析,从自养性大豆根瘤菌和花生根瘤菌类菌体中分离并提纯膜结合态氢酶。纯化的两种氢酶表现相近的分子特征：均含有大（60kD,65kD)、小（30kD,35kD)两个亚基,均为NiFe-氢酶,并且有较高的吸H2活性。大豆根瘤菌氢酶的纯酶组分不含Cyt b599。花生根瘤菌L8-3菌株能进行化能自养生长,诱导出高吸H2活性。根瘤菌的吸H2能明显提高固氮活性。从具有高吸H2活性的花生根瘤菌中分离并克隆吸氢基因,采用PCR和探针杂交技术,获得含有吸氢基因的质粒pZ-55。利用多种限制性内切酶构建了质粒pZ-55的物理图谱。通过三亲本杂交,将含吸氢基因的重组质粒转移到不吸H2的花生和毛豆根瘤菌中,所获得的结合株在自生和共生条件下均表达吸H2活性。以结合株接种大田花生,获得的共生根瘤的吸H2活性比接种受体株提高4倍,花生叶片和种子的含N量、产量分别提高1.7%、8.9%和9.6%。     

酸性红壤中热研2号柱花草高效固氮根瘤菌的筛选

为筛选酸性红壤中适合热研2号柱花草的高效固氮根瘤菌菌株,在土培中将19个根瘤菌菌株分别接种到热研2号柱花草,通过株高、茎叶干重、茎叶氮含量、茎叶磷含量等指标确定酸性红壤中接种不同根瘤菌对柱花草的影响,并通过主成分分析确定酸性红壤中与热研2号柱花草搭配的高效根瘤菌菌株.结果表明：酸性红壤中与热研2号柱花草匹配的高效菌株为RJS9-1、BS2-2、 ZJ2-2、FS3-1-1、RJS9-2及BS1-1;接种后不利于柱花草生长的菌株为LY1、NN1-1-2及SM5-1.本实验结果为实际生产中通过接种氮高效根瘤菌提高柱花草产量提供了一定参考.     

豌豆根瘤菌gshR基因的抗氧化和共生固氮作用

目的: 研究豌豆根瘤菌 RL3841 的谷胱甘肽还原酶编码基因 gshR 的功能．方法: 采用基因同源重组构建了豌豆根瘤菌 gshR 基因突变株 RLgshR,探讨了基因突变对根瘤菌抗氧化和共生固氮的影响, 利用实时荧光定量 RT-PCR检测 gshR基因的 mRNA 表达水平．结果: gshR基因缺失不影响菌株在 AMS 基础培养基中的生长能力, 但突变株对氢过氧化枯( CuOOH) 和较高浓度的 H₂O₂氧化物敏感．结论: gshR 基因突变株 RLgshR 形成正常固氮根瘤, gshR 基因的表达不受 H2O2和共生环境诱导．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has