辽南滨海地区黄土磁化率特征及其古气候分析

通过对辽南滨海地区第四纪黄土沉积物的磁化率测量和分析,发现该区马兰黄土的磁化率值不高,反映了该区晚更新世受末次冰期影响,气候条件干冷,黄土粉尘沉积速率快,成壤作用微弱;时间更早的离石黄土磁化率值偏高,反映其成土环境较为温暖潮湿,黄土粉尘堆积速率慢,成壤作用好。磁化率曲线的波动变化反映了古气候发生多次旋回变化;黄土-古土壤序列很好的指示了干冷、暖湿气候的交替,也对应了冬季风、夏季风的交替变化。根据磁化率值对古气温和古降水量的回归计算得到古气温应介于5.85℃～13.0℃（＋1.5℃）,古降水量介于403.22mm～735mm,其标准都低于当今水平。反演辽南滨海地区中、晚更新世时期的黄土沉积环境是比较干冷的,并且经历了多次的小规模的干冷、暖湿交替变化。     

成都平原全新世气侯变迁与古蜀文化演进相关性研究

三星堆文明的神秘消失,古环境演变应是重要原因,与全球性古气候环境变化直接相关.通过建立成都平原新石器时代以来具有较高分辨率的文化事件序列和古气候环境序列,进而将其进行对比分析,得出成都平原全新世以来气候变迁与中国其它地区基本趋势是一致的.古蜀文化发展的阶段性与全新世以来气候的变迁直接相关并贯穿于古蜀文化演进的始终.其中气候温湿期对应着古蜀文化快速发展或繁荣时期,而古蜀文化的突然中断往往对应出现气候变冷干事件,显示古蜀文化演进与成都平原全新世气侯变迁直接相关.     

西安狄寨塬全新世的古气候环境

对西安地区全新世以来的环境演变特征进行系统研究,建立该地区全新世以来黄土—古土壤沉积年代序列,揭示其反映的东亚冬、夏季风变迁规律,为预测西安地区乃至中国和全球未来环境的发展趋势提供依据.通过对西安白鹿塬刘家坡典型剖面全新世黄土—古土壤地层的岩性描述、地层划分和对比,结合泾阳县新庄村AMS14 C的年代测定和其他学者的测年数据,建立了该地区全新世以来黄土沉积年代序列.根据磁化率气候替代指标显示的曲线特征,阐述了这一替代指标在剖面上的变化规律,探讨了该黄土剖面所反映的东亚冬、夏季风强弱变化特点,论证和详细分析了西安地区全新世以来环境变化的特征和规律,进而对该剖面磁化率曲线特征与其他学者的孢粉谱建立的温度曲线对比,对西安地区全新世以来古气候的阶段性进行了详细分析和论证.将西安地区10 000年以来的气候演变划分为7个气候阶段.     

河北三河上更新统——全新统磁化率变化旋回分析

为了获取河北三河地区上更新统-全新统古气候和古环境变化,在该区实测一地层剖面,采集磁化率样品进行测试,以磁化率变化为沉积环境代用指标,在前人研究确立的地质年代框架下,运用频谱分析、演化谱分析等方法对地层垂向磁化率变化进行旋回分析。结果表明研究区冲积沉积中存在23ka的岁差尺度旋回,由于剖面较短未识别出更长周期的斜率和偏心率旋回。根据分析结果计算出剖面沉积时限为4-45ka,属于晚更新世晚期至全新世早期河流砂坝和泛滥平原沉积,平均沉积速率为24cm/ka。磁化率的变化与粒度变化具有正相关性,粗粒沉积磁化率较高、细粒沉积磁化率较低;磁化率的变化受岁差驱动气候变化影响,岁差高值时大气降水对河流补给增多,陆源碎屑增多提高了沉积物中磁性矿物的含量,反之,则磁性矿物少,磁化率低。岁差驱动气候变化在河流冲积物中的发现,为河流冲积沉积天文驱动气候变化研究提供参考依据,为第四纪冲积沉积和地质事件研究提供新的年龄约束手段。     

西安地区全新世中期环境研究

根据CaCo3,Fe2O3和Al2O3含量、土壤微结构以及孢粉等方面的资料对西安地区的全新世古土壤和植被类型与气候特点进行了研究,结果表明,该地区全新世大暖期的古土壤为温湿气候条件下发育的淋溶褐土,并非过去所称的半干旱条件下发育的“黑垆土”。孢粉分析和古土壤底部之下分布浓度达2m多的密集根孔的存在表明该层古土壤发育时的植被类型是以栎为主的落叶阔叶林,可推测当时年降水量应不中于750mm,年均气温不低于14℃。     

黄土-古土壤磁化率影响因素论述

黄土-古土壤磁化率作为气候代用指标已得到了广泛的应用。目前已开始利用不同方法建立磁化率气候转化函数,重建古降水量和古温度。但古土壤磁化率增强的成因机制一直在争论中,而影响磁化率变化的因素很多,要对磁信息进行准确的提取,须深入了解这些影响因子。     

汉江上游旬阳段古洪水水文学研究

通过对汉江上游流域的广泛考察,在旬阳县高店铺-构元乡河段发现典型的全新世古洪水滞流沉积剖面.在此基础上,采集样品进行粒度成分和磁化率等分析测试.结果表明这些沉积层是古洪水在高水位滞流环境中的沉积物.根据地层学对比分析,确定由其记录的古洪水事件分别发生于全新世早期大约9 500—8 500aB.P.和全新世晚期3 200—2 800aB.P..根据沉积学和水文学原理恢复其洪峰水位,采用比降法模型,计算出古洪水洪峰流量介于43 290～49 130m3/s之间.利用2010年大洪水洪痕恢复计算洪峰流量,对古洪水洪峰流量计算结果进行了验证,结合历史洪水和观测洪水数据,获得了万年尺度洪水洪峰流量与频率关系.     

秦安大地湾高分辨率全新世植被演变与气候变迁初步研究

主要根据孢粉分析结果,并结合磁化率,碳酸钙恢复了陇西黄土高原地区全新世期间植被气候的变化过程。结果表明全新世气候存在３个大的阶段,全新世早期气候以寒冷为主要特点,中全新世气候温暖湿润,晚全新世气候以干旱为主要特征。     

四川盆地川中地区须家河组沉积和成岩环境分析

以四川盆地川中须家河组为研究对象，通过扫描电镜、X-衍射、碳氧同位素和流体包裹体分析，对须家河组砂岩沉积和成岩环境进行研究。结果表明：须家河组砂岩以方解石为主要碳酸盐胶结物，含少量白云石。碳氧同位素均为负值：δ¹³C值分布于-8.1‰～-0.8‰;δ¹⁸O值分布于-17.6‰～-10.3‰。古盐度Z值分布范围为101.0～120.5。碳氧同位素值计算古温度为72℃～124℃,平均值101℃;流体包裹体均一温度范围为60～140℃,与碳氧同位素计算的古温度基本吻合。较高的古地温可促进致密化，提高生烃能力。须家河组砂岩为陆相沉积，随着沉积作用的进行，沉积初期到中期水体呈具咸化趋势，晚期盐度明显下降。古盐度的变化反映须家河组砂岩沉积初—中期气候较干旱，晚期气候较温湿。     

西安黄土台塬区全新世黄土磁化率古气候环境演变

通过对西安神禾塬鱼包头村和泾阳县新庄村典型剖面全新世黄土—古土壤地层的岩性描述、地层划分和对比,结合泾阳县新庄村AMS~(14)C的年代测定和其他学者的测年数据,建立了该地区全新世以来黄土沉积年代序列.根据磁化率气候替代指标在剖面上的变化规律以及该黄土剖面反映的东亚冬、夏季风强弱变化特点,详细分析了西安地区全新世以来环境变化的特征和规律,进而将该剖面磁化率曲线特征与其他学者的孢粉谱建立的温度曲线进行对比.对西安地区全新世以来古气候的阶段进行了划分,将西安地区10 000 a以来的气候演变划分为6个气候阶段:10.0~9.0 kaBP,冷温转换阶段;9.0~7.0 kaBP,暖冷波动阶段;7.0~5.0 kaBP,温暖阶段;5.0~3.4 kaBP,暖冷剧烈波动阶段;3.4~2.0 kaBP,气温先降后升阶段;2.0 kaBP至现在,温暖半湿润、半干旱阶段.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the