超塑性高温发泡制备闭孔多孔Al2O3基陶瓷

分别以纳米和亚微米Al2O3粉末为原料,MgO为掺杂剂,SiC为高温发泡剂,利用Al2O3基陶瓷具有超塑性变形能力的特点,制备了闭孔多孔Al2O3基陶瓷.研究了不同粒径Al2O3粉末和不同MgO含量对Al2O3基多孔陶瓷开口气孔率、闭口气孔率及微观结构的影响,考察了Al2O3基多孔陶瓷的物相组成,探讨了闭口气孔在Al2O3基多孔陶瓷烧结过程中的形成机理.研究结果表明,以纳米Al2O3粉末制备的Al2O3基多孔陶瓷具有更低的开口气孔率,仅为13%,而闭口气孔率可达132%,且其闭孔孔径尺寸约为1~2μm.坯体中MgO与Al2O3反应完全,多孔陶瓷的物相组成仅为Al2O3和MgAl2O4.     

低温烧结法制备Al2O3多孔陶瓷及性能研究

为降低氧化铝粉体合成温度、缩短反应时间,采用低温燃烧法合成了氧化铝粉体,并将粉体进一步制备成多孔氧化铝陶瓷.具体实验过程为:将滤纸浸渍在Al3+浓度不同的前驱体溶液中,在马弗炉中干燥和引燃滤纸;用H2 O2溶液处理低温燃烧合成的粉体,再将制备的粉体压制成型后于不同温度下烧结.研究了溶液中Al3+浓度和烧结温度对多孔氧化铝陶瓷的显气孔率、维氏硬度和气孔孔径的影响规律.实验结果表明:随溶液中Al3+浓度的增加,多孔氧化铝陶瓷的显气孔率和吸水率增加,氧化铝晶粒尺寸略有增大,维氏硬度降低;随烧结温度的升高,多孔氧化铝陶瓷的吸水率、显气孔率和维氏硬度皆呈下降趋势.     

纳米Al_2O_3对氧化铝陶瓷力学性能及微观结构的影响

研究不同含量的纳米Al2O3对氧化铝陶瓷力学性能的影响;利用SEM观察材料的微观组织结构.实验结果表明:氧化铝陶瓷的相对密度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性随着纳米Al2O3粉含量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势.当纳米Al2O3粉的质量分数为30%,烧结温度为1450℃时,氧化铝陶瓷微观组织细化均匀,氧化铝陶瓷的相对密度达到96.98%,抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别达到了412.61MPa和3.96MPa·m1/2.     

多孔SiC陶瓷的两种制备方法

采用两种不同的方法制备多孔SiC陶瓷,讨论了其显微组织对性能的影响,探索了由天然木材经炭化、渗硅处理制造多孔SiC陶瓷的新方法。研究结果表明,半干压法制得的SiC陶瓷的气孔率随SiC粒度的增大而降低,且强度升高。由天然木材制得的多孔SiC陶瓷的新方法。研究结果表明,半干压法制得的SiC陶瓷的气孔率随SiC粒度的增大而降低,且强度升高。由天然木材制得的多孔SiC陶瓷的气孔形状较规则,且分布均匀,其表观气孔率可达40％以上,是制备高气孔率SiC陶瓷的一种可行技术。     

高岭土原位碳热还原制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷材料的研究

详细介绍了利用高岭土通过原位反应及热压烧结制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷材料.探索了以天然矿物高岭土,碳作为原材料,低成本合成制备高性能Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷的新方法.首先,在原位碳热还原反应中,高岭土和碳在流动氩气氛中合成制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉,对合成反应的热力学过程进行理论分析和实验研究,对合成的Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉进行了DTA和XRD分析,分析表明陶瓷粉的合成过程分两步,第一步是高岭土自身的脱水,第二步是SiO2被还原的过程及制备出Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉.研究表明,最佳的粉末合成温度为1550℃;其次,Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷粉通过热压烧结合成制备Al2O3/SiC复相陶瓷,烧结助剂的添加有助于降低烧结温度.复相陶瓷抗弯强度达到420 MPa,相对密度达到98%,硬度HRA89.     

烧结温度和粒度分布对多孔氧化硅陶瓷型芯材料性能的影响

采用热压注法制备了纯氧化硅多孔陶瓷型芯材料样品, 研究了烧结温度和陶瓷粉末粒度分布对陶瓷材料烧结后的组织和性能的影响. 结果表明, 随着烧结温度的升高, 样品的气孔率逐步降低, 室温和高温抗弯强度均相应提高. 当烧结温度为1 200°C时, 烧结收缩率为2.75%, 气孔率为24.69%, 室温抗弯强度达到25.3 MPa, 高温抗弯强度达到44.23 MPa; 当烧结温度超过1 200°C时, 室温和高温抗弯强度均明显降低, 而收缩率和气孔率变化不明显. 通过样品断口形貌和相应物相分析发现, 不同烧结温度下样品致密度和方石英含量的不同是造成陶瓷型芯室温和高温抗弯强度变化的主要原因, 而粒度分布能够显著影响型芯材料的气孔率、收缩率和抗弯强度. 在本实验中, 具有如下粒度分布的型芯材料的综合性能最佳: 10 μm以下约为25.33%, 10∽30 μm约为38.16%, 30∽50 μm约为28.74%, 50 μm以上约为7.77%, 最大粒径不超过95 μm.     

制备工艺对合成ZrO_(2(f))/NiFe_2O_4复合材料的影响

以NiO和Fe2O3为原料采用固相烧结法合成了NiFe2O4尖晶石,通过向其中添加二氧化锆纤维(ZrO2(f))制备了ZrO2(f)/NiFe2O4复合材料.研究了成型压力、烧结温度及烧结时间对复合材料气孔率和抗弯强度的影响,并利用热重分析仪、X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对复合材料进行了表征.结果表明:在160 MPa成型压力下,于1 300℃烧结6 h制备的ZrO2(f)/NiFe2O4复合材料气孔率较低,具有较高的抗弯强度;复合材料主要由四方相ZrO2和立方相NiFe2O4尖晶石组成;ZrO2(f)未与基体发生反应,避免了过强的界面结合力.     

粉煤灰基多孔陶瓷过滤材料的制备和性能

以粉煤灰为骨料,采用添加造孔剂法制备粉煤灰基多孔陶瓷过滤材料,研究了造孔剂用量和烧结温度对其性能的影响.通过压汞仪、X射线衍射仪和场发射扫描电子显微镜等分析测试技术对试样进行了性能表征.结果表明:随着造孔剂用量的增加,显气孔率和吸水率升高,抗弯强度和密度下降.提高烧结温度可以有效提高抗弯强度,而不影响材料的主要物相组成;当烧结温度大于1 175℃时,显气孔率和透气度显著下降.造孔剂用量为35%,烧结温度为1 175℃时,可制得抗弯强度大、气孔发达及高比表面积的多孔陶瓷过滤材料.     

木材陶瓷制备多孔SiC的研究

椴木木粉／酚醛树脂复合材料经高温碳化制成木材陶瓷，然后经熔融Si反应性渗入制成了多孔的SiC陶瓷．借助X射线衍射、傅里叶红外吸收光谱和扫描电子显微镜等方法对木材陶瓷和多孔SiC的物相组成、微观结构和基本性质进行了研究，利用阿基米德法和三点弯曲法测定了木材陶瓷和多孔SiC的显气孔率和弯曲强度．结果表明，木材陶瓷是非晶碳材料，含有C—O—C醚键、C—C双键及C—H结构等，多孔SiC是由主晶相β-SiC和少量第二相Si组成的复合材料；多孔SiC遗传了木材陶瓷的多孔结构；木材陶瓷向SiC陶瓷的转变使弯曲强度从12．6MPa提高到73．8MPa，显气孔率从64．1％降至53．2％。     

利用硅灰粉尘研制多孔陶瓷

以硅灰粉尘为主要原料制备高比表面多孔陶瓷.主要探讨粘土结合剂及不同烧结温度对该多孔陶瓷的孔结构及气孔率、体积密度等性能指标的影响,采用SEM、BET等分析测试手段表征各试样的微观结构.结果表明,硅灰粉粒子超细、比表面积大、成本低廉,是制造大比表面多孔陶瓷的理想原料.粘结剂的加入会降低样品的气孔率,确定5%(质量分数)的粘土为最佳,烧结温度选择为750℃,此时多孔陶瓷的气孔率为41.91%,强度为23.61 MPa,比表面积达到24.22m2·g-1.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that