红假单胞菌的分离鉴定与生长特性

由青岛沿岸潮间带表层沉积物分离出４株光合细菌，经鉴定属于荚膜红假单胞菌和球形红假单胞菌。光照厌氧培养生长实验表明ＨＤ３的最适盐度为Ｓ＝１５－２５，ＰＳ２－２为一淡水菌株。菌株ＨＤ３的最适ＰＨ范围为６．３５－８．３。ＨＤ３、ＲＳ均不能利用硫化物且其生长受较高浓度的硫化物抑制。     

红假单胞菌产类胡萝卜素条件的研究

通过对影响红假单菌类胡萝卜素的因素的全面研究,获得了胡萝卜素产量相对辊主贩培养条件,以乙酸钠为碳源,谷氨酸钠为氮源,酵母亮为生长因子,４ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＭｇＳＯ４,２ｍｇ／ＬｆＥ２（ｓｏ４）３,１５００ｌｘ光照度,３０℃,微好氧培养１２０ｈ。     

一株产CoQ10的红假单胞菌的研究

从滇池分离到一株革兰氏阴性杆菌，于光照厌氧及黑暗好氧条件下生长良好，活细胞在870、803nm处有吸收峰，具平行片层状的光合内膜系统，可归属于红假单胞菌属（Rhodopseudomonas)；该菌体中提取分主了得到的黄色结晶品，经Craven试验、高效薄层层析、高效液相色谱、紫外光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振及质谱证实，为CoQ10。     

红假单胞菌的生理学特性研究

对经过鉴定均属于红假单胞菌属的四个菌株^[5]的生理特性作了系统研究，结果表明：各菌株在光照厌氧条件下可利用多种低分子有机酸、醇类和部分糖类，适宜的氮源有铵盐、谷氨酸和蛋白胨；经计算机寻优，其最适初始pH值为7．0—7．5；不同菌株对NaCl的耐受情况有所不同；酵母膏对菌株P—15N、P—16的生长有明显的刺激作用。     

黑暗微好氧条件下浑球红假单胞菌的固氮生长

液体培养和深层琼脂固体培养,都表明浑球红假单胞菌在黑暗微好氧条件下能够依靠固定 N_2生长.在光照和黑暗有氧条件下,菌株的乙炔还原活性都能出现,但在光照情况下细胞固氮酶比黑暗时对氧更敏感.进一步实验表明,高浓度氧气不但抑制固氮酶的活性水平,而且使固氮酶活性的出现延迟.根据上述结果,讨论了浑球红假单胞菌的固氮作用与菌体的呼吸代谢及环境氧分压的相互关系.     

高活性光合细菌沼泽红假单胞菌培养特性初探

从广东台山养虾塘底污泥中采用平板涂布法分离光光合细菌,得到一株活性较高的沼泽红假单胞菌（Rhodopseudomonas palustris）,并对其培养特性进行了初步探讨,结果表明：菌株最适生长温度为25－30℃,光照强度为1500－3000lx,适当地添加酵母膏有利于菌体繁殖,酵母膏的最适添另量为质量分数0．15％,盐度范围在质量分数为0．1％－3％均能生长。     

固定化假单胞菌产L—多巴

选择海藻酸钙和聚乙烯醇凝胶为固定化载体包埋假单胸菌,以提高该菌以Ｌ－酷氨酸为底物生产Ｌ－多巴的效率。     

红假单胞菌的分离及菌种保存试验研究

从不同来源的样品中分离出四株光合细菌 ,经鉴定均属于红假单胞菌 ,同时分别采用液体种自然条件下、液体种蜡封、穿刺物蜡封、砂土管等方法对其菌种进行了保存试验研究 ,最后得出两种最佳保存方法 :蜡封液体试管种法和试管穿刺蜡封法     

沼泽红假单胞菌类胡萝卜素的提取和分析

对沼泽红假单胞菌B．9菌株（Rhodopseudomonas Palustris strain B.9)类胡萝卜素的提取进行了研究。用超声波破碎菌体,类胡萝卜素得量较高;菌体中类胡萝卜素用丙酮提取,提取效果因菌体量,丙酮用量而变,提取液经萃取,皂化,洗涤得类胡萝卜素粗制品,对其分析表明B．9菌株含有螺菌黄素系列的类胡萝卜素。     

高效选育产氢光合细菌的研究

降解有机废水转化太阳能为氢能是一条理想制氢途径 .为使选育的菌株实用性更强 ,本文选用有机废水主要降解产物—乙酸为唯一氢供体 ,在自然生态环境条件下 ,利用紫色非硫细菌培养基 ,紫色硫细菌培养基和绿硫细菌培养基 ,从不同的水域环境中进行了产氢光合细菌的筛选 .从影响太阳能转化效率主要因素出发 ,本文对分离纯化的 1 5株光合细菌进行形态学特征研究基础上 ,着重进行了最适生长温度、光合色素成分、利用硫化物能力和耐盐能力的测定 ,并将其分为 4个类群 .在对每组细菌初筛基础上 ,本文对选育出的 8个菌株进行了生长动力学测定 ,其中Z ,SP2 ,R3,Y7菌株能利用乙酸快速生长 .对其产氢动力学研究表明 ,这些菌株均具有光合放氢活性 ,其中Z菌株产氢得率最高 .在含有 2 0mmol·L-1 乙酸钠和 5mmol·L-1 谷氨酸钠的培养基中 ,其产氢得率为 3 0 8.9ml·g-1 .这 4个菌株生理生态特性完全不同 ,且能利用乙酸光合放氢 ,在有机废水光合制氢技术中具有重要的潜在应用价值 .     

光合细菌生物制氢研究进展

介绍了光合细菌产氢机理;综述了光合细菌制氢相关的菌种选育、工艺条件、固定化技术、光生物反应器以及物质和能量输运过程等方面的研究现状;阐述了光合细菌制氢技术存在的问题与应用前景。     

光合菌群利用丁酸产氢的初步研究

对影响光合茵群利用丁酸产氢的主要因子:初始细胞浓度、温度、初始pH值、光照强度和丁酸浓度进行了研究.结果表明,光合茵群在初始细胞浓度0.2～O.3 g/L,温度30~40℃,PH 6.0～9.0,光照强度2000～8000 Lx,丁酸浓度6～30 mmol/L的范围内均可以保持较高的产氢效率.当初始细胞浓度为0.3 g/L、温度30℃、初始PH 7.0、光照强度为4000 Lx、丁酸浓度为30 mmol/L时该光合茵群具有最大产氢量364 mL,最大产氢效率5.4 mol-H_2/mol-丁酸和最大产氢速率22.2 mL/L/h.     

Hydrogen Production with High Evolution Rate and High Yield by Immobilized Cells of Hydrogen-producing Bacteria Strain B49 in a Column Reactor

To improve the hydrogen evolution rate in continuous hydrogen production of a novel fermentative hydrogen-producing bacteria strain B49 (AF481148 in EMBL), 4 % immobilized cells by polyvinyl alcohol-boric acid method, with the addition of a small amount of calcium alginate in a column reactor obtain hydrogen yield of 2.31 mol H2/mol glucose and hydrogen evolution rate of 1435.4 ml/L culture*h respectively at medium retention time of 2.0 h with a medium containing 10g glucose/L. Moreover, as the cell density in gel beads is increased to 8%, hydrogen yield and hydrogen evolution rate for 10g glucose/L are 2.34 mol H2/mol glucose and 2912.4 ml/L culture*h respectively at medium retention time of 1.0 h, and for molasses wastewater COD of 7505.9 mg/L hydrogen production potential of 205.6 ml/g COD and hydrogen evolution rate of 2057.7 ml/L culture*h at hydraulic retention time of 0.75 h are observed. In the continuous culture pH value keeps around 3.9 by self-regulating.     

固定化细胞生物制氢研究进展

综述现有的生物制氢技术研究中,利用光合生物制氢和利用厌氧菌发酵制氢的研究进展.其中,固定化细胞生物制氢菌类包括光合细菌、发酵细菌和混合菌培养等.阐述固定化细胞生物制氢中包埋法和吸附法载体及发酵制氢所用的原料,最后展望固定化细胞生物制氢的发展方向.     

Hydrogen production by draTGB hupL double mutant of Rhodospirillum rubrum under different light conditions

To increase H2 yield of Rhodospirillum rubrum in two-stage hydrogen production process, two deletion mutants were constructed. One is single mutant designated R. rubrum UR801 that deleted hupL gene encoding the large subunit of uptake hy- drogenase, and the other is a double mutant desig- nated R. rubrum UR805 lacked both draTGB encod- ing regulators for the activity of nitrogenase and hupL. Comparing H2 yields of two mutants with R. rubrum UR2 (wild type) and UR472 (ΔdraTGB) under differ- ent light conditions, the results showed that the H2 yield of R. rubrum UR801 under continuous light is the highest (5700 mL of H2 per liter culture), and it is 1.56, 2.24 and 2.32-fold that of R. rubrum UR2, UR472 and UR805, respectively. However, the total H2 yield of R. rubrum UR805 in two-stage hydrogen production process is the highest (4303 mL/L), and it is 1.35, 1.21 and 1.04-fold that of R. rubrum UR2, UR801 and UR472, respectively. Thus, R. rubrum UR805 might be a valuable strain to produce a large amount of hydrogen in two-stage hydrogen produc- tion process.     

Hydrogen production by mixed culture of several facultative bacteria and anaerobic bacteria

The characteristic of hydrogen production by facultative anaerobic bacteria, obligate anaerobic bacteria and their mixed culture was studied by the batch culture method. The results showed that, due to the synergistic effect between facultative bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, the ability of hydrogen production in the mixed culture was much better than that in the pure culture. Especially, the culture Scheme No.7 mixed up with three strains ( Bacterium.E: Bacterium.B: Bacterium.P = 1:1:1) not only had the best hydrogen production capacity (1.885 mol H2/mol glucose) and maximum average hydrogen production rate (212.2mL/(L·h)), but also had stable hydrogen production under continuous culture conditions, which was 1.968 mol H2/mol glucose.     

Partial Characteristics of Hydrogen Production by Fermentative Hydrogen-producing Bacterial Strain B49

0　IntroductionHydrogenproducedbymicroorganismsisrecog nizedasaclean ,efficient ,sustainableandabundantenergyinthefuture .ManystudiesonbiohydrogenproductionhavebeenreviewedbyNandietal[1] .andbyBenemann[2 ] .EnterobactercloacaeIIT BT0 8iso latedfromleafextractbyKumar[3] hadanexcellentabilityto producehydrogenat 2 9.6 3mmolH2 / gdrycell·h .EnterobacteraerogensstrainE .82 0 0 5iso latedfromleavesofMilabilisjalapabyTanisho[4 ] ,evolvedhydrogenat 17mmolH2 / gdrycell·h .Enter obacteraerogens…     

H2O2诱导烟草悬浮细胞的凋亡

烟草悬浮细胞经不同浓度的过氧化氢处理发现 ,当用 6mmol L的H2 O2 处理时从形态学上可观察到明显的染色质凝聚 ,细胞质皱缩和细胞核解体等现象 ;DNA电泳结果显示发生凋亡的细胞基因组DNA被降解形成明显的DNA梯状条带 ,从而表现出典型的细胞凋亡特征 .其他高浓度的处理也有以上特征 ,但细胞坏死数目也相对增多 ,因此本研究认为 6mmol L的H2 O2 处理 2 4h能够非常有效地诱导烟草悬浮细胞的凋亡 .