城市企事业人群出行链提取及出行特征分析

居民出行特征分析是研究交通需求和探寻交通拥堵症结的基础手段.为研究居民出行特征,基于企事业单位人群出行特征调研数据,改进经典DBSCAN聚类算法,识别出居民出行停留点,进而结合关联规则提取出居民出行轨迹数据;根据出行轨迹数据的时空特征,分别从时空角度和功能区划分角度,挖掘出企事业人群出行时空分布规律,以及不同功能区企事...     

基于GPS数据的交通出行模式及转换点识别算法

GPS产生的大量数据携带了许多潜在信息.针对一段连续的GPS轨迹数据进行研究,识别GPS轨迹中的出行模式转换点;以出行模式转换点为分割点,将连续的GPS轨迹分割成多个GPS轨迹段;利用训练好的随机森林模型识别出不同GPS轨迹段的出行模式(包括步行、骑行、公交、地铁、汽车等类型),从而得到一段GPS轨迹的完整的出行模式描...     

基于深度神经网络的交通出行方式选择模型

由于自身的局限性,传统的交通出行方式选择模型不能很好地发挥大数据的作用,而深度学习在大数据分析领域具有广阔的应用前景.建立基于深度神经网络的出行方式选择预测模型,运用随机梯度下降算法、丢弃法等解决层数加深后导致的过拟合问题;利用广州市居民出行调查数据对模型进行训练和测试.结果表明,该模型具有较高的测试精度和泛化能力.     

基于隐马尔可夫模型的公交乘客出行链识别方法

以公交IC卡数据为基础,结合公交站点周边土地类型及乘客时空转移序列构建隐马尔可夫模型对乘客的出行目的进行识别,继而实现完整乘客公交出行链的提取。采用石家庄某一工作日的公交IC卡数据来实现模型,并与同日期的公交乘客出行调查数据对比,结果表明模型与实际调查结果较为吻合,工作日公交乘客出行链以通勤类出行链为主,总占比达81.87%,通勤活动具有很强的时效性。本文模型为公交IC卡数据的深度研究提供了一定的基础。     

基于手机信令数据的居民出行调查扩样模型

系统分析了居民出行调查的误差成因,简要介绍了传统加权扩样模型并分析了其局限性,特别是对沉默出行需求揭示不足的缺点.结合手机信令数据用于出行行为研究的优势及特点,提出了利用手机信令数据进行居民出行调查扩样及对挖掘沉默出行需求的方法.设计了包含5个主要步骤的居民出行调查样本数据、交通运行监测数据和手机信令数据相结合的扩样模...     

城市通勤出行链模式选择行为研究

通勤出行是城市居民最基本和最重要的出行,对其进行研究是进行交通规划、设计与管理的一项不可缺少的基础工作,因此本文开展了基于2008年东莞城市居民出行调查数据和多项Logistic模型建立居民通勤出行链模式选择模型的研究工作。本文中的通勤出行链模式选择模型将通勤出行链模式细分为五类（HWH、HWHWH、HWH＋、HWHWH＋、HW＋WH）,并考虑了出行方式对出行链模式的影响作用。通过对模型结果的分析,总结了通勤出行链模式的显著影响因素以及通勤出行链模式选择中的特征。研究内容对于建立基于活动的交通需求预测模型、制定交通管理政策具有重要借鉴作用。     

居民非工作活动和出行的结构方程建模

非工作出行在城市居民出行结构中所占比重呈现不断上升趋势.结合上海市居民出行调查数据,采用结构方程模型(SEM),对社区居民非工作活动和出行的作用机制进行建模分析.研究结果表明个人特征、家庭特征和社区特征都能对居民非工作活动和出行产生影响,但社区特征具有较强作用,而出行者个人属性和家庭属性的影响强度相对要小.个人特征中就业情况对居民非工作活动和出行影响显著,家庭特征中小汽车数量有较强的影响效应,社区特征中社区公共设施覆盖率影响最为显著.     

基于智慧出行用户画像的出行期望预留时长分析

可靠的交通出行信息服务是优质出行体验的基本保障,为了探究不同属性出行者、不同出行活动需求条件下的合理预留时长,通过SP调查实验获取出行者在各类典型出行活动场景下的期望预留时长,采用卡方检验与非参数秩和检验验证出行者的个人属性与出行活动类型对期望预留时长的差异性影响。研究发现：(1)受出行活动的价值或惩罚影响,不同类型出行活动的提前到达需求程度以及与之对应的期望预留时长存在显著差异,出行活动价值或惩罚越高,出行者期望预留时长越长;(2)相同类型出行活动需求下,出行者的个人属性亦会显著影响期望预留时长,不同类型出行活动需求下,影响出行者期望预留时长需求的属性类别存在差异,同一类型出行活动需求下,出行者属性的不同分类水平影响出行者期望预留时长需求,其差异程度可高达32分钟(103%)。研究结论对于开展精准出行用户的信息服务具有重要意义。     

基于移动互联交通信息的居民出行方式特性

为研究移动互联网时代下的居民出行特性,探索在出行链过程中移动互联交通信息对出行方式特性的影响。通过RP-SP(revealed preference-stated preference)融合调查获取出行者基本属性、实时交通信息属性及出行特征属性,建立居民出行方式选择巢式Logit模型,对桂林市居民展开出行方式选择特性调查。研究结果表明：在出行链日趋复杂的情况下,个体的出行活动和交通行为与移动互联交通信息关系愈发紧密;移动互联交通信息对居民出行方式特性产生显著影响,尤其对私家车出行影响最大,其中实时路况信息属性影响最为显著,其次为拥堵延误时间;交通信息获取的满意度越高,越能促进居民选择公共交通出行。该结论能够作为理论基础与实证依据推动移动互联交通信息下的路径选择与交通出行诱导提供研究依据。     

基于信令数据的中等城市绿色出行政策建议

该文提出了一种基于信令数据识别交通方式并制定出行政策的方法，旨在促进中等城市的绿色、可持续发展。首先，针对中等城市信令数据的特点，结合基站定位原则和信息报送机制等因素，确定出行速度区间；然后，使用地图API(application programming interface)获取交通方式的速度，并通过调整速度区间和基于出行时间可靠度感知的Logit模型，完成交通方式的识别；最后，选取荆州市中心城区作为研究实例，对空气污染物排放量等数据进行验证。综合考虑扩展时空信息、路网交通状态和出行策略等方面，该文提出的方法能够有效地完成交通方式识别。此外，根据污染物排放可视化和居民出行情况，讨论了出行政策。研究结果表明：需加强学区和医院区的交通组织管理，以减少机动车在低速行驶阶段的污染物排放；在高峰时段，传统公交吸引力不足，应开设需求响应式公交；另外，可采用硬件与管理相结合的方式，鼓励特定人群使用非机动车。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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