关于北凉后遗政权的有关问题

<正> 北凉后遗政权,是北魏灭北凉之后,北凉残部先后在沮渠无讳、沮渠安周率领下建立的一个政权。它初建于酒泉,继移至敦煌、鄯善,迫于北魏的威胁,最终西迁至高昌,占有吐鲁番盆地。至460年,这一政权被蠕蠕所灭亡,它前后维持了约二十余年。对于北凉,人们多注重于沮渠蒙逊、沮渠牧犍父子的统治,至今尚无专文研究这一后遗政权。因此,拙文拟对北凉后遗政权的建立、迁徙、对外关系及其影响等问题进行一些探讨。     

太初历特殊置闰问题

《史记·历书》和《汉书·律历志》分别记述了具有同一起算点,但朔望月与回归年平均值根本不同的两种历.按照两部史书所记载的数据及算法分别排算出完整的历谱,并根据出土文物(汉简)对排算结果进行比较研究,结果表明,按《汉书·律历志》排算出的"太初历谱"确实是当时颁行过的.在这一过程中,发现了太初历具有长期未被揭示的特殊置闰问题.     

古代巴比伦塞琉古王朝时期食分算法初探

目的 探讨古代巴比伦塞琉古王朝时期(312B．C．-64B．C．)食分算法的合理性。方法 将古代巴比伦的食分算法与现代天意义下的食分算法进行比较。结果 给出了古代巴比伦的食分算法的几何解释；证明了古代巴比伦对食分的定义和现代天学关于食分的定义等价；证明了古代巴比伦的食分算法和北魏张龙祥《正光历》(522A．D．)推月食食分的算法形异实同；在巴比伦的食分算法模型下，求出了日月食限，分析了食分和食限所达到的精度。结论 古代巴比伦食分算法的数学模型是合理的，在此理论支持下所计算出的食分和食限是比较精确的。     

中国13世纪历法的交食推算精度

中国１３ 世纪历法交食计算的原理及方法主要载于《元史历志》的《授时历》术文中．《授时历》是中国历史上最负盛名、精度极高的一部著名历法．本文在恢复并确认其交食推步法的基础上,通过比较《授时历》行用期间（ 文中给出了 Ａ Ｄ１２８０ ～１６４５） 的推步结果与现代计算结果之间的关系,从而研究《授时历》的交食推步精度．具体而言,１） 给出了日、月食食甚时刻的平均误差分别为２３ ．９ｍｉｎ 和１９ ．４ｍｉｎ ;２） 得到了日、月食食分的古今推步结果之间的关系;３） 指出《授时历》的交食推步存在可靠性问题．     

巾帼风采的礼赞——从《木兰诗》看木兰形象的文化内涵

《木兰诗》将术兰这十女子形象置于战争的环境中．置于个人、家庭和国家的利益矛盾的交织中来展现她的性格筹以及这种性格筹所包含的化内涵。应该说．北魏的战争环境，导致经济破坏．人口男女比捌失调．是《术兰诗》产生的社会背景；北方请民族的尚武粗犷的民风民俗．是《术兰诗》产生的化环境；禾兰采中无兄长的现实状况．导致丁术兰具体的出征行为。然而．当时的人们井没有认识到术兰形象所可能包含的人生价值观．最终将其纳入了中国传统化的行为规范之中。     

《汉简历谱》补释

结合历法模拟程序 ,对《中国科学技术典籍通汇·天文卷》中《汉简历谱》所辑的历谱进行了分析。在前人研究工作的基础上 ,尝试对其中一些尚未考订或存有争议的历谱予以考释。除此之外 ,还指出了《汉简历谱》中尚存的一些不足 ,特别是一些重要的印刷错误     

北魏书法三题——读康有为《广艺舟双楫》

北魏作为中国书法史的重要阶段,形成了颇具时代特点的书风。康有为《广艺舟双楫》积极推扬、倡＂尊魏卑唐＂之论。从三个方面切入,一是对康氏所概括的＂魏碑十美＂给予阐释,二是对其所分的＂十六宗＂予以辨析,三是对方圆笔法进行论述,旨在推进北魏书法的研究。     

唐代瞿昙家族的天文历算活动及其成就

唐代天文学家翟昙罗、瞿昙悉达、瞿昙、瞿昙谦及瞿昙晏祖孙四代,曾三代担任过唐朝太史今、太史监、司天监,领导和主持唐朝官方的天文机构,先后达１１０年以上．他们擅长印度天文历算,也精通中国传统的天文学,编制了《经纬历》、《光宅历》、《甲子元辰历》,编译了印度古代的《九执历》．特别是瞿昙悉达编撰的《开元占经》,引用了不少古代典籍,保存了许多天文资料,介绍了印度古代的数学知识──位值制数码、圆弧量法和弧的正弦,但这些先进的算法因和中国传统算法体系不同,可惜在当时没有引起重视,起到应有的作用．     

《史记正义》反切考

一、材料来源和处理《史记正义》的作者张守节于史书无传，《四库提要》云：“始末未详”1，我们只能从他的《史记正义序》中知道他当过诸王侍读，率府长史，而不得知其为何方人氏．据张氏此序，《史记正义》书成于唐玄宗开元二十四年论（公元736年），上距《切韵》问世135年．《史记正义》原来单独成书，后人将其与裴《史记集解》、司马贞《史记索隐》一起各自拆散，置于《史记》相应句下，合刊成今通常所称的《史记》三家注．三家注．在拆散刊行中，《正义》被妄加规削2.如今通行的中华书局标点本《史记》．其底本虽经张文虎精校，于《正…     

《受时历》交食推步研究

在借鉴《大统历》的基础上，研究了并较正了《授时历》“步交食”术；同时根据《授时历》的平、定朔（望）推进，完善地给出其交食推步步骤和一般方法；用《授时历》推步和现代计算结果对部分交食记录进行了计算分析，通过比较可得出古记录是观测实录还是预防结果，以及其中是否存在在人为等因素，指出本给出的《授时历》交食推步法确是其时天官所用之法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that