活性氧化铝吸附法处理含氟污水工况研究及应用

目的研究活性氧化铝吸附法处理含氟污水工艺流程中,不同影响因素对活性氧化铝除氟效果及其吸附量的影响.方法采用控制变量法对各工况条件下的出水氟离子质量浓度进行测定,对比确定最佳工况值.结果在p H为7时,活性氧化铝除氟能力最大,除氟率为77.98%;滤速为5 m/h时,出水氟离子质量浓度最低为3.4 mg/L;在硫酸铝质量分数为3%、再生时间为3 h、再生流速为3 m/h时,活性氧化铝再生吸附量恢复最大为1.38 mg/g;在氯化钙投加量为1 000 mg/L时,上清液氟离子质量浓度最低为15.2 mg/L;工艺处理成本为9.34元/t.结论活性氧化铝吸附法处理含氟污水工艺流程中,各工况对活性氧化铝的除氟效果及其吸附量存在不同程度的影响,控制各工况处于最佳运行状态值,可以保证工艺的最佳处理效果,从而满足出水氟离子质量浓度达到国家排放标准.     

高致密Ni-Fe/Al2O3纳米复合材料的制备及其断裂韧性研究

为提高氧化铝陶瓷断裂韧性,该文采用机械-化学法(Mechano-chemcial Method)合成出高分散的Ni-Fe/Al2O3纳米复合粉体,并采用高温热压烧结工艺,制备出了高致密、颗粒细小、分散均匀的氧化铝基纳米复合材料.热压块体相对密度最高达到99%,Ni-Fe晶粒大小为100～500 nm.断裂韧性从单相a-Al2O3的4.75 MPa·m1/2提高到6.24 MPa·m1/2,ψ(Ni-Fe/Al2O3)=19%.通过对材料微结构的表征,讨论了纳米Ni-Fe颗粒增韧氧化铝陶瓷的机理.     

改性活性氧化铝对硫化氢吸附的研究

用浸渍法制备了改性γ-Al2O3,通过SEM对改性γ-Al2O3微结构进行了表征,对H2S进行了吸附考察和分析了不同类型吸附剂、不同改性条件下的吸附性能的变化规律,并对再生后吸附剂的脱硫性能进行了研究.结果表明:焙烧温度达600℃时,改性后的γ-Al2O3微结构发生明显变化,脱除H2S能力增强.当H2S平均初始浓度为45mg/m3,温度为22℃,压力为1.01×105Pa,采样流量为0.5L/min时,改性γ-Al2O3对H2S去除率为96.9%;改性γ-Al2O3吸附效果明显优于未经改性的γ-Al2O3、活性炭和5A分子筛;改性γ-Al2O3再生后的吸附容量可以恢复到原来的97%.     

活性氧化铝处理含氟地下水

综合比较了不同活化剂对Al2O3除氟能力的影响,从而选定Al2(SO4)3为活化剂;并对活化和再生方法进行了研究,提出了最佳的活化和再生工艺参数:对于Al2O3使用前的活化,采用4%Al2(SO4)3以滤料/活化剂=1∶1的体积比活化4h即可取得良好的效果;而Al2O3吸附饱和后,再次使用前要再生以恢复其除氟能力,对于本试验使用的Al2O3,采用4%Al2(SO4)3再生2h即可取得良好的再生效果。     

活性氧化铝处理含氟地下水

综合比较了不同活化剂对Al2O3除氟能力的影响，从而选定Al2（SO4）3为活化剂；并对活化和再生方法进行了研究，提出了最佳的活化和再生工艺参数：对于Al2O3使用前的活化，采用4％Al2（SO4）3以滤料／活化剂=1：1的体积比活化4h即可取得良好的效果；而Al2O3吸附饱和后，再次使用前要再生以恢复其除氟能力，对于本试验使用的Al2O3采用4％Al2（SO4）3再生2h即可取得良好的再生效果。     

纳米Al_2O_3对氧化铝陶瓷力学性能及微观结构的影响

研究不同含量的纳米Al2O3对氧化铝陶瓷力学性能的影响;利用SEM观察材料的微观组织结构.实验结果表明:氧化铝陶瓷的相对密度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性随着纳米Al2O3粉含量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势.当纳米Al2O3粉的质量分数为30%,烧结温度为1450℃时,氧化铝陶瓷微观组织细化均匀,氧化铝陶瓷的相对密度达到96.98%,抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别达到了412.61MPa和3.96MPa·m1/2.     

铜铁氧体中空纤维的制备及载银的抗菌性能

以硝酸盐和柠檬酸为原料,采用有机凝胶-热分解法制备了铜铁氧体(CuFe2O4)中空纤维.通过采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和振动样品磁强计等测试技术,对纤维前躯体的结构、热处理产物的物相、形貌以及磁性能进行了表征.800℃热处理2 h后得到纯相CuFe2O4纤维,且纤维平均直径在1μm左右,具有良好的中空结构和长径比,饱和磁化强度和剩磁分别为42.5 A.m2.kg-1和23.0 A.m2.kg-1.以制备的CuFe2O4纤维为载体,利用浸渍法吸附银处理,再经过500℃热处理后,得到载银铜铁氧体(Ag/CuFe2O4)纤维.抗菌试验表明:Ag/CuFe2O4纤维具有良好的抗菌效果,8μg.mL-1剂量的纤维样品20 h能抑制浓度为5×105CFU.mL-1的大肠杆菌的生长.     

合成条件对NaY型沸石膜渗透分离性能的影响

选取不同的晶化时间和晶化温度,在-αA l2O3陶瓷圆管的外表面上水热合成NaY型沸石膜,考察合成条件与膜的结晶性、膜的微结构和膜的CO2/N2气体渗透分离特性之间的相互关系.在晶化时间为12 h、晶化温度为70℃时,合成的膜对CO2/N2气体的选择透过性能优异,分离系数达到54.42.用SEM和XRD表征手段分析膜的微结构和结晶性,表明该膜为致密完整的半结晶膜,厚度约为0.94μm.     

水蒸气活化制备生物质活性炭的实验研究

以稻壳、花生壳和玉米芯为原料,采用物理活化法以水蒸气为活化剂制备得到活性炭.分析了水蒸气活化机理,并通过对活性炭得率高低、亚甲基蓝脱色效果强弱的比较,讨论了活化时间(t)、活化温度(T)和水蒸气流量(QH2O)对活性炭的炭活化得率(Cyield)和吸附性能的影响.实验结果表明:随着t的延长和T的升高,3种原料制得的Cyield不断降低,活性炭的吸附性能先升高后降低;随着QH2O的增加,Cyield先降低后升高,活性炭的吸附性能先升高后降低.通过比较,得出玉米芯是3种原料中最佳的制备活性炭的物质,其最佳工艺条件为T=800 ℃,t=90 min 和QH2O=15 mL/h,所制备的活性炭得率为26.18%,亚甲基蓝吸附值为150 mL/g,比表面积为924.48 m2/g,孔平均尺寸为2.4 nm.     

糠醛气相脱羰Pd-Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂的再生

对糠醛气相脱羰制呋喃用Pd-Ni／γ-Al2O3催化剂的失活原因进行了分析。利用空气氧化法、氨气活化法、溶剂洗涤法、硝酸镍浸渍法对失活催化剂进行了再生实验研究．找出失活Pd-Ni／γ-Al2O3催化剂的最优再生方法——硝酸镍浸渍法,确定了糠醛气相脱羰Pd-Ni／γ-Al2O3催化剂的最佳再生工艺参数。通过催化活性评价、物性分析表明．其再生效果较好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the