一次性筷子制备活性炭的研究

对废弃一次性筷子的综合利用进行了探索性的实验研究,以一次性筷子为原料制备活性炭,采用条件实验比较氯化锌法和磷酸法对一次性筷子活化效果的影响。结果表明,磷酸法制备出的活性炭性能优于另外一种方法。以磷酸为活化剂,研究了浸渍比、活化温度、活化剂浓度、活化时间对活性炭的得率和碘吸附值的影响。实验结果表明,在最佳工艺条件:活化剂浓度50%,活化温度500℃,浸渍比3:1,活化时间60min,浸渍时间12h下,所制得活性炭的碘吸附值为863.10mg/g。     

剩余污泥制备活性炭吸附剂及其吸附性能研究

笔者以城市剩余污泥和花生壳为原料,通过化学活化和高温热解的方法,制备出污泥、污泥-花生壳吸附剂并对其吸附性能进行了研究﹒通过单因素实验,考察了不同活化温度、活化时间、活化剂浓度、浸渍比、原料配比等因素对活性炭吸附性能的影响,确定出污泥制备活性炭吸附剂的最佳工艺参数﹒正交试验结果表明:ZnCl_2浓度为5 mol/L、温度为500℃、活化时间为2 h、浸渍比为1︰1、原料配比为2︰1时,制得的活性炭吸附性能最佳,碘吸附值为781.05 mg/g,吸附剂产率为14.35%﹒与污泥吸附剂相比各项性能有明显提升﹒     

以石油渣油制备活性炭的研究

以石油渣油为原料采用化学活化法制备活性炭,以亚甲基蓝吸附值为评价活性炭吸附能力指标.首先选择了具有好的活化性能的磷酸为活化剂,进行了最佳制备工艺研究,结果为活化温度550℃、质量比1∶1、活化时间1.5h,最后利用正交实验分析了各因素显著性水平,即活化温度最强、质量比其次、活化时间最弱.     

微波法污泥活性炭的制备技术研究*

以城市污水处理厂污泥为原料,研究了氢氧化钾活化-微波加热制备污泥活性炭的工艺条件,考查了固液比、活化剂浓度、浸渍时间和活化时间等因素对活性炭碘吸附值和产率的影响。在单因素试验的基础上采用正交试验,得到试验室条件下微波法制备污泥活性炭的最佳工艺条件,即：固液比1g:1.5mL,氢氧化钾浓度0.40mol.L-1,浸渍时间24h,活化时间420s。此工艺条件下制备的污泥活性炭碘吸附值为537.63 mg.g-1,产率为74.09％。     

磷酸活化活性炭纤维布的制备及吸附性

采用磷酸作为活化剂,以优选后的聚丙烯腈预氧化织物为原料制备活性炭纤维布,探讨磷酸质量分数、浸渍时间、活化温度及活化时间等工艺参数对活性炭纤维布吸附性能的影响.结果表明,最适的工艺条件为磷酸质量分数15%～20%、浸渍时间15～25h、活化温度650℃、活化时间30min.形貌表征显示所制备的活性炭纤维布表面产生了很多微孔,有利于吸附各种气体,同时在微孔的边缘,出现白色小颗粒,可能是活化剂磷酸在高温下形成的.     

磷酸法制备木质煤基成型活性炭的工艺条件研究

以煤粉和木屑为原料,不添加粘接剂,采用磷酸活化法制备了木质煤基成型活性炭。利用单因素分析法对成型工艺和活化工艺进行了研究。结果表明:成型炭质前驱体加工最佳工艺为磷酸浸渍浓度30%、木屑:煤粉:磷酸质量比为1∶4∶3,制得的成型炭质前驱体强度为93%。活化工艺为:浸渍比1∶1、活化温度550℃、活化时间2.5 h。成型活性炭亚甲基蓝吸附值为210 mg·g-1、碘吸附值为865 mg·g-1,比表面积1 134 m2·g-1。该方法为煤基成型活性炭的制备找到了新的途径。     

磷酸活化法黄麻杆活性炭的制备及表征

以黄麻杆为原料,采用磷酸活化法制备活性炭,通过正交试验探讨了磷酸浓度、活化温度、活化时间对活性炭得率和吸附性能的影响,确立了最佳制备工艺,即：磷酸浓度2mol／L、活化温度400℃、活化时间1h．实验结果表明：在最佳工艺条件下制得的黄麻杆活性炭得率为4,2．93％,碘吸附值为1059．26mg／g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为353．10mg／g,比表面积为1779．4m㎡／g,总孔容为0．960m3／g,平均孔径为2．16nm,呈现出高中孔率结构．     

生物质活性炭对模拟烟气汞吸附特性的实验研究

采用氯化锌作为活化剂制备生物质活性炭,在不同的氯化锌质量分数、活化时间、活化温度条件下,对不同的生物质原料进行活化、碳化,以制备所得活性炭对亚甲基蓝的脱色量为指标,进行正交设计优化.利用吸附性能较好的生物质活性炭,对其进行汞吸附实验.结果表明,生物质活性炭制备的优化工艺条件为:氯化锌质量分数50%,活化时间1.5h,活化温度600℃.在此条件下,毛豆杆活性炭对亚甲基蓝的脱色量为0.15mg/g,对汞4h的吸附量为0.015mg,穿透率为5.30%.由此得出,受原料、活化剂质量分数、活化时间和活化温度等影响,各种活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附效率都不同,毛豆杆活性炭对模拟烟气中汞的吸附效果最好,这与其微孔极发达有关.     

微波法污泥活性炭的制备技术研究

以城市污水处理厂污泥为原料,考查了固液比、活化剂浓度、浸渍时间和活化时间等因素对氢氧化钾活化-微波加热制备污泥活性炭碘吸附值和产率的影响.在单因素试验的基础上进行正交试验,获得了此工艺制备污泥活性炭的最佳条件,即:固液比1g:1.5m L,氢氧化钾浓度0.40mol·L-1,浸渍时间24h,活化时间420s.此工艺条件下制备的污泥活性炭碘吸附值为537.63 mg·g-1,比表面积为354 m2·g-1,产率为74.09%,吸附性能和产率均优于传统方法制备的污泥活性炭.     

木质素制备活性炭的工艺及其吸附性能研究

以造纸黑液木质素为原料,采用化学及物理活化法制备活性炭,并对其吸附性能进行分析。实验结果表明,对于磷酸活化剂而言,制备活性炭并不需要进行二次活化,而对于氯化锌活化剂则需要进行二次活化。磷酸活化剂制备活性炭的最佳条件为活化温度550℃、活化时间2 h、浸渍比2∶1,而氯化锌活化剂最佳活化条件为一次活化温度550℃、活化时间2 h、浸渍比2∶1,二次活化二氧化碳流量80 mL/min、活化时间30 min、活化温度850℃,所得到的活性炭符合木质净水用活性炭一级品的标准。二氧化碳二次活化,降低活性炭的产率,但是增加了活性炭中中孔及大孔的比例。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with