环硫雄醇的合成与药理研究

本文简述了环硫雄醇９的改良合成法及其四个衍生物的制备（其中两个为新合成化合物），并从溴羟化产物中用分级结晶法分离得主要副产物２β─溴─３α─羟基─5α──雄甾─１７─酮６，又以６为起始原料合成２β，３β─环硫─５α─雄甾─１７β─醇１３。环硫雄醇９经药理及毒性试验表明具。有强烈抑制人乳腺癌（Ｂｃａｐ－３７）和子宫颈癌（ＨｅＬａ）细胞生长的作用；对小鼠有抗着床作用；且毒性低，副作用小。     

dl—樟脑双官能团衍生物的多环硫代磷酰胺酯的合成及生物…

ｄｌ－樟脑经氧化、氨化或经肟化、还原，分别制得双官能基的１，２，２，－三甲基－１３－环戊二胺５和１，７，７－三甲基－３－在双环「２．２．１』庚－２－醇９，化合物５－９分别与硫代磷酰二氯酯６发生关环反应，得到新型的多环硫磷酰二胺酯７和硫化磷酰胺酯１０．本文合成化合物７１４个；化合物１０ １７个，这些化合物大都具有一定的杀菌、除草或植物激素活性。     

α－羰基烯酮环二硫代缩醛类化合物在酚类化合物合成中的应用及其机理探讨──8－羟基及8－甲氧基卡拉烯的合成

在氯化汞和三氟化硼乙醚络合物催化下，从（－）－薄荷酮生成的α－羰基烯酮环二硫代缩醛和甲代烯丙基氯化镁经１．２加成所生成的醇，以甲醇、水分别作为溶剂和亲核试剂可发生重排－环合作用，得到８－甲氧基和８－羟基卡拉烯。其机理涉及碳正离子重排及碳正离子－烯键分子内环合反应。本反应为从酮（或醛）出发合成酚类化合物的一个新途径。     

芳基次磺酰氯与β-二酮型化合物的反应动力学研究

测定了各种对位取代的苯次磺酰氯（Ｒ —Ｓ—Ｃ１）与β－二酮型化合物的 反应速度．其总反应是对两者均为一级的二级反应．反应速度随对位取代基放电子能力 及β－二酮型化合物中烯醇结构含量的增加而增加．动力学数据符合假定环硫 离子 作为过渡伏态的机理。证实Ｒ—＜Ｏ＞—Ｓ—Ｃ１和β－二酮型化合物的反应不是一 个取代反应，而是与β－二酮化合物的烯醇结构的加成为反应决定步骤的双分子反 应．     

α,β-不饱和羰基锆化合物的合成及其在高选择合成中的应用

由端炔和Cp2Zr(H)Cl(Cp=η^5－C5H5）及CO反应，得到α，β－不饱和基锆化合物，进而与芳基硫氯反应，合成了α，β－不饱和羧酸硫酯，产率中等对良好。     

α—氧代烯酮环二硫代缩酮化学（XXXI）

缩酮基为六元环，具三亲电中心的α－肉桂酰基烯酮－１，３－亚丙二硫基缩酮（２），与乙基、丙基、丁基、苯基及苄基卤化镁等的反应均得到β‘－碳上的共回顾加成产物（３），该反应证实了（２）中环二硫缩酮基对这一加成反应的调控作用。     

环已二醇发生频哪醇重排反应的立体电子效应

环已二醇发生频哪醇重排反应中，１，１－二甲基环乙二醇的顺、反异构体在相同条件下生成不同产物是由立体电子效应控制的。     

β，β－（1，5－亚丙二硫基）－α，β－不饱和芳酮的碱分解反应的研究

首次研究了β，β－（１，５－亚丙二硫基）－α，β－不饱合芳酮２的碱分解反应，２类化合物在醇钠的作用下分解生成苯甲酰乙酸乙酯３ａ，２－（１，５－亚丙二硫基）亚甲基苯甲酰丙酮４在醇钠的作用下，加热回流可得到苯甲酰乙酸甲酯３ｂ，如采用边加热回流边蒸溜的方法可得到２－（１，５－亚丙二硫基）－１－苯基－１，３，５－己三酮５。此分解反应为合成苯甲酰乙酸酯类化合物找到一条简便适宜的方法。     

新型杂环分散染料中间体BIT的合成研究

２－氰基－４－硝基苯胺在一种新催化剂和实用的分散剂存在下与硫化氢或硫化铵反应，得到２－氨基－５－硝基硫代甲酰胺，硫代甲酰胺在双氧水和弱碱性介中氧化关环，形成３－氨基－５－硝基苯并异噻唑。这种合成染料中间体的方法具有实用价值。     

环己二醇发生频哪醇重排反应的立体电子效应

环己二醇发生频哪醇重排反应中，１，２－二甲基环已二醇的顺、反异构体在相同条件下生成不同产物是由立体电子效应控制的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the