斑块环境下的常系数捕食-食饵系统的持久性

考虑斑块环境下带有食饵阶段结构和比例依赖的常系数捕食-食饵时滞系统.利用比较原理得出模型解的正性和有界性,并建立该系统在初始条件下的一致持久性.给出食饵种群的非永久持久性的充分条件.     

Life in extreme environments

Each recent report of liquid water existing elsewhere in the Solar System has reverberated through the international press and excited the imagination of humankind. Why? Because in the past few decades we have come to realize that where there is liquid water on Earth, virtually no matter what the physical conditions, there is life. What we previously thought of as insurmountable physical and chemical barriers to life, we now see as yet another niche harbouring 'extremophiles'. This realization, coupled with new data on the survival of microbes in the space environment and modelling of the potential for transfer of life between celestial bodies, suggests that life could be more common than previously thought. Here we examine critically what it means to be an extremophile, and the implications of this for evolution, biotechnology and especially the search for life in the Universe.     

噪声环境下进化算法

以球型模型为例, 讨论了环境噪声对遗传算法(GAs)和进化策略(ESs) 及进化算法(EAs)的影响.并采用重新采样的方法来抑制噪声,提高进化算法在复杂环境下的鲁棒性.     

三相流体非均匀饱和多孔岩石声学模拟与分析

多孔岩石岩性、孔隙度、渗透率变化,导致流体饱和度在储层中非均匀分布.传统的基于流体均匀混合的双相介质模型不能用于计算流体非均匀饱和岩石的声学性质（纵、横波速度）.依据三相流体Brooks-Corey模型、Gassmann理论和边界理论提出了有效计算中观尺度下非均质多孔岩石三相流体非均匀饱和时岩石声学性质的方法,为研究三相流体非均匀分布对岩石声学性质影响提供理论与方法,并建立了在毛管压力平衡状态下非均匀饱和多孔岩石声学性质与总含水饱和度的定量关系.揭示了不同流体饱和状态下纵、横波速度随总含水饱和度的变化规律.实例模拟分析表明,多种岩性岩石组成的多孔岩石储层三相流体非均匀饱和时,纵波速度随总含水饱和度的变化趋于连续变化,而流体均匀饱和岩石,仅在接近完全含水时,纵波速度有明显变化.流体饱和度分布均匀与否对横波速度没有影响,但岩石三相流体饱和与两相流体饱和时相比,横波速度随总含水饱和度的变化特征更加复杂.     

大巴山区岩石圈和土壤圈环境研究--大巴山区生态环境研究报告(一)

大巴山区由于特殊的地质构造，滑坡、泥石流和崩塌等地质灾害时有发生。为保护地球生态环境，科学利用这片国土，采用观察和检测方法对其进行研究；该区没有地震等强烈的地质灾害；从总体上讲，大巴山区岩石圈环境质量是较好的；土壤圈水土流失严重，但没受污染，环境质量好。     

Arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in the Gurbantunggut Desert

The plants in the Gurbantunggut Desert located in Xinjiang, China are drought adapted species and grow in generally nutrient-poor soils. A survey was conducted in the desert to determine the arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） status associated with the desert plants which belong to 23 species from 11 families of annuals and perennials. Roots from all plants were examined for the presence of internal and external hyphae, vesicles and coils/arbuscules to determine the status and extent of mycorrhizal colonization. Of the plant species surveyed, 14 （61%） were found to form AM associations, 5 （22%） were possible AM colonized species, and 4 were non-mycorrhizal plants. The proportions of annuals and shrubs forming AM were significantly lower than those of perennials and herbs, respectively. Spore density varied from 5 to 21 per 20 g in soil of root zone. 14 AM fungal taxa in 3 genera were isolated and identified, 10 of which belonged to Glomus, 3 to Acaulospora, and 1 to Archaeospora. Glomus was the dominant genus in all genera identified. G. deserticola and G. etunicatum were the most common taxa isolated, with occurrence frequencies of 77.4% and 74.8%, and relative abundances of 14.4% and 15.5% respectively.     

浙江天童国家森林公园常绿阔叶林种间关联和种-生境关联

为探究森林群落种间关联格局与物种生境偏好的关系,采用空间点格局分析方法和点过程模型,分析了浙江天童国家森林公园20 hm~2常绿阔叶林样地109个木本植物的种间关联格局及种-生境关联,结果表明:①天童样地中,种间负关联比例高于种间正关联,具有显著关联的种对比例随尺度增加而增加;②89.9%的物种至少与一类生境显著关联, 73.4%的物种与生境显著正关联, 65.1%的物种与生境显著负关联;③在较大尺度上( 20 m),种间空间关联结果与种对的生境偏好类型表现出很好的一致性,说明生境的异质性是形成较大尺度种间关联格局的重要原因;而在较小尺度上(5 m),种间关联格局与种对的生境偏好没有明显关系,可能受到其他生态学过程的影响.研究结果为进一步探究常绿阔叶林物种的共存机制提供了理论依据.     

Management of Associations in the IRBAC 2000 Model

0 IntroductionThe secure interaction between two or more administra-tive domainsis a major concern.There are many differ-ent schemes to resolve the problem, such as DRBAC[1],RT[2],SPKI[3],and KeyNote[4]. Kapadiaet al[5]proposedthe IRBAC (Interoperable Role-Based Access Control) 2000model ,whichcanaccomplishthe secureinteraction by dynam-ic role translations between administrative domains that utilizethe RBAC(role-based access control) model[6]. An adminis-trative domainis defined as…     

无线环境下的视频加密问题研究

首先分析无线环境下三种典型视频应用的特点,然后按照应用层和网络层两个方面,回顾了当今各种数字视频加密算法的研究成果,首次分析了无线环境下视频内容加密难点并给出相应解决措施,最后展望了未来无线环境下视频内容加密的研究方向.研究表明随着硬件技术的发展,加密计算复杂度不再是主要问题.对于基于非可伸缩编码,无线视频加密需要进一步研究如何优化网络传输性能的问题;对于基于可伸缩编码,需要考虑编码效率和图像质量之间平衡的问题.     

强海洋混响环境下的移动多目标检测方法

提出了基于同轴环形阵列的强混响环境下的移动多目标检测方法:通过对接收的线性调频信号进行模态分解以及传统的波束形成,得到特定方位的空间信息;之后采用分数阶傅里叶变换获得包含回波信号的多普勒偏移、距离和方位角的信息.所提方法利用目标回波信号与混响之间多普勒的不同来进行多目标的检测.仿真结果显示:与传统的方法相比,在没有任何先验信息的情况下,所提方法在较低的信混比和信噪比环境下仍然可以取得较高检测概率.