语用失误、文化与外语教学

由于文化上的差异，不同文化背景的人在跨文化交际中常常会发生交际故障，这就是所谓的“语用失误”，而具备相应的文化知识是克服语用失误的关键。因此，教师应合理、有效地教授知识文化与交际文化，使学生掌握所学语言的正确语用规则，培养学生的跨文化交际能力。     

幼师口语交际教学及策略研究

口语交际能力是现代人必备的基本素质之一。幼儿教师应该接受良好的口语交际教育,具备基本的口语交际知识、口语交际能力和口语交际素养,口语交际课程是幼儿师范学校学生必修的文化基础课。本文主要从幼师口语交际教学的理论基础、幼师学生口语交际能力现状调查、幼师学生口语交际能力匮乏的原因分析、在口语交际教学中渗透传统文化的策略等方面进行了探索。     

论在英语口语教学中传授跨文化语用意识的必要性

从语用学的角度分析了中国学生在跨文化交际中产生的语用失误.阐述了语用知识的传授在口语教学中的必要性,并进一步探讨了如何在口语教学中培养学生跨文化交际的语用意识.     

跨文化语用失误与英语口语教学

在跨化语言交际过程中，由于所使用的第二语言总是或多或少地伴随着母语的化特征，因此会出现不能完全达到或是没有达到交际目的的差错，造成跨化语用失误。出现这类失误的主要原因是语用中的化差异、违反交际中的礼貌得体准则、套用母语模式等。在外语口语教学中，只要注意加强化背景知识和介绍和交际能力的培养，减少跨化语用失误，达到交际的目的。     

跨文化交际中的语用失误与英语教学

跨文化交际中的语用失误频频出现。外语教师应转变观念，将文化知识、语用知识渗透于课堂教学之中，改变传统的外语教学模式．以培养能够进行跨文化交际的学生。本文从跨文化交际的角度，分析语用失误的内涵和种类，并介绍如何在英语教学中培养学生的跨文化交际能力．     

跨文化交际中科技英语翻译的语用失误

通过分析影响科技英语翻译语用失误的诸多原因,为减少翻译语用失误,提出了从加强语言的文化学习、提高自身的文化意识和文化素养、加强科技英语教学和科技翻译教学、加强英语知识以及科技知识与汉语知识的学习4个方面加以改进,可减少和避免翻译中的语用失误,提高跨文化科技交际翻译能力。     

跨文化语用能力探析

跨文化语用能力是跨文化交际双方进行得体交际的关键所在。语言不会脱离各自的文化而存在,所以跨文化语用能力表现出强烈的民族色彩。在跨文化交际中,如果不注意这些表现在语言和文化上的民族差异,就会产生语用失误。跨文化语用能力不仅可以体现在词典编纂中,也可以体现在语言教学中。只有提高跨文化语用能力,交际双方才能减少语用失误,从而进行有效的交流。     

英语教学中的跨文化交际研究

用Hymes（1972）的交际能力理论对英语教学中的跨文化交际障碍：文化、文化背景知识障碍；语言、语用障碍；行为能力障碍及其产生根源做了分析研究，对新形势下的英语教学改革和培养学生的跨文化交际能力提出了可行性建议：在教学中输入必要的文化背帚知识；介绍词汇文化内涵及不同情景下的语言形式；培养学生的非语言交际行为的能力；利用外教，创造英语语言环境。此研究注重先进教育理论的指导作用；较为全面地反映了目前英语教学中跨文化交际存在的问题；所提的思路应用性强、具有可操作性，对于提高英语教宇质量和有效的进行跨文化交际有一定的借鉴参考价值。     

英语教学中的跨文化交际研究

用Hymes(1972)的交际能力理论对英语教学中的跨文化交际障碍:文化、文化背景知识障碍;语言、语用障碍;行为能力障碍及其产生根源做了分析研究,对新形势下的英语教学改革和培养学生的跨文化交际能力提出了可行性建议:在教学中输入必要的文化背景知识;介绍词汇文化内涵及不同情景下的语言形式;培养学生的非语言交际行为的能力;利用外教,创造英语语言环境.此研究注重先进教育理论的指导作用;较为全面地反映了目前英语教学中跨文化交际存在的问题;所提的思路应用性强、具有可操作性,对于提高英语教学质量和有效的进行跨文化交际有一定的借鉴参考价值.     

分析口语错误 提高语用能力

语用能力是指运用语言进行恰当、得体、准确的交际的能力。忽视语用能力的培养会导致学习者难以将所学的知识在交际中恰当地运用,以至于在交际时由于不能得体地使用语言造成交际障碍。本文试图通过分析大学英语口语课堂中学生的口语错误来探讨提高学生语用能力的方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-