基于激光雷达与毫米波雷达融合的车辆目标检测算法

针对仅基于单一传感器的目标检测算法存在检测精度不足及基于图像与激光雷达的多传感器融合算法检测速度较慢等问题,提出一种基于激光雷达与毫米波雷达融合的车辆目标检测算法,该算法充分利用激光雷达点云的深度信息和毫米波雷达输出确定目标的优势,采用量纲一化方法对点云做预处理并利用处理后的点云生成特征图,融合毫米波雷达数据生成感兴趣...     

联合多视角互投影融合的三维目标检测方法

针对当前智能车辆目标检测时缺乏多传感器目标区域特征融合问题,提出了一种基于多模态信息融合的三维目标检测方法. 利用图像视图、激光雷达点云鸟瞰图作为输入,通过改进AVOD深度学习网络算法,对目标检测进行优化;加入多视角联合损失函数,防止网络图像分支退化. 提出图像与激光雷达点云双视角互投影融合方法,强化数据空间关联,进行特征融合. 实验结果表明,改进后的AVOD-MPF网络在保留AVOD网络对车辆目标检测优势的同时,提高了对小尺度目标的检测精度,实现了特征级和决策级融合的三维目标检测.      

基于改进YOLOv5s和传感器融合的目标检测定位

针对无人车环境感知过程中相机无法提供道路目标的位置信息,激光雷达点云稀疏以致检测方面难以达到很好效果的问题,提出一种通过融合两者信息进行目标检测和定位的方法。采用深度学习中YOLOv5s算法进行目标检测,通过联合标定进行相机与激光雷达外参的获取以转换传感器之间的坐标,使雷达点云数据能投影到相机图像数据中,得到检测目标的位置信息,最后进行实车验证。结果表明,所提算法能在搭载TX2嵌入式计算平台的无人车自动驾驶平台上拥有27.2 Hz的检测速度,并且在一段时间的检测环境中保持12.50%的漏检率和35.32 m的最远识别距离以及0.18 m的平均定位精度。将激光雷达和相机融合,可实现嵌入式系统下的道路目标检测定位,为嵌入式平台下环境感知系统的搭建提供了参考。     

基于点云图卷积神经网络的3D目标检测

随着激光雷达传感器的快速发展,目标检测算法从传统的2D检测快速转向3D检测。然而,激光雷达产生的点云是不规则和非结构化的数据,传统的卷积神经网络无法对其进行处理。基于此提出了一种新颖的图卷积神经网络,能够更好地利用数据的几何关系和拓扑结构直接从点云中学习特征以进行3D目标检测。首先将原始激光雷达点云数据进行下采样,再进行固定半径邻域图的构建,随后设计了一个新型的图卷积神经网络对点云进行编码来预测图中每个顶点所属对象的类别和形状。为提升检测准确度,网络中加入了一种校准机制来减少特征在不同维度变化时引入的平移误差,此外还引入了注意力机制,以使用权重来进一步强化输出的顶点特征。在 KITTI 数据集上进行实验,实验结果表明,此方法能够有效对3D目标进行检测。对比其他多种检测算法,此方法在检测准确度上具有一定的优势。     

基于深度学习的自动驾驶技术综述

该文在行人检测技术方面介绍了基于卷积神经网络(CNN)模型的目标识别、检测技术与改进的区域卷积神经网络(R-CNN)、任务辅助卷积神经网络(TA-CNN)模型技术。在立体匹配技术方面简述了基于孪生网络的立体匹配的深度学习模型技术。在多传感器融合技术方面回顾了基于深度学习网络的视觉传感器、雷达传感器与摄像机传感器的多源数据融合技术。在汽车控制技术方面分析了基于卷积神经网络实现无人驾驶车辆端到端的横向与纵向控制技术。深度学习技术在自动驾驶领域的感知层、决策层与控制层的广泛运用,不断地提高感知、检测、决策与控制的准确率,并取得一定的成功,分析表明深度学习技术将加速自动驾驶技术的发展速度,为自动驾驶成为现实带来巨大的可能性。     

基于Kinect传感器的移动机器人室内三维环境创建

针对移动服务机器人需要感知室内工作环境问题,提出了一种基于低成本Kinect传感器的三维环境创建实用方法。机器人在移动过程中,Kinect传感器实时采集RGB信息和深度信息,将RGB图像信息映射到深度图像信息中,采用联合双边滤波对深度图像进行预处理,获得质量比较高的点云数据。对采集到的大量点云数据,采用半径滤波器算法对点云进行精简,剔除离群点,减少点云数量,提高匹配速度。点云配准时,采用NDT算法完成初始配准,从而得到图像帧间粗略的转换关系,并运用GICP算法对采集的多视角点云数据进行精确配准,得到拼接的三维点云场景。实验结果表明:本文方法具有更好的重建效果和更高的效率,可以应用于室内场景三维环境创建。     

基于RGB-D相机和激光雷达的传感器数据融合算法

常用的环境探测传感器中,二维激光雷达扫描角度广,测量精度高,但数据量较少,RGB-D相机成本低,能获取环境三维信息,但视角小.在此基础上,提出一种改进的RGB-D相机和二维激光雷达数据融合算法,本算法首先将RGB-D相机获取的深度图像转换为三维点云,剔除地面点云后进行投影得到模拟2D激光数据,然后与二维激光雷达数据进行...     

基于点云俯视图重映射的3D目标检测

三维(3D)目标检测常见的数据格式为图像和点云,图像数据具有较好的目标识别能力,点云数据具有准确的空间信息.为了更好地利用图像数据目标识别能力较强和点云数据空间信息较准确的优点,文中提出了基于点云俯视图重映射的3D目标检测方法Bird-PointNet.该方法首先将点云编码为俯视图格式,进行目标识别和粗略定位;然后将俯...     

基于S-NARF算法的点云图像特征提取与描述

 针对NARF算法运算速度较慢和提取图像边界特征的局限性问题,提出了一种在以SIFT关键点为原点的局部坐标系下估算3D NARF特征描述符的算法.首先对点云图像进行特征检测,基于DoG3D算子提取3D SIFT关键点.然后对特征进行描述,以SIFT关键点为原点,在相应的深度图像中建立局部坐标系,并在该坐标系下,依据图像分辨率建立斑块,设计一种等角度间距的星状射线.用射线穿过的单元计算描述符向量各元素的值,构成特定维描述符.最后采用RGB-D传感器获取环境点云数据进行实验.结果表明,改进算法提高了运算速度,所提取的特征更具一般性,并且基本不改变描述符的典型性和独特性.     

基于非一致性稀疏采样的LiDAR点云压缩方法

针对自动驾驶车载LiDAR点云,本文提出一种基于形态学分割和非一致性稀疏采样的新型有损点云压缩框架。LiDAR点云先经过渐进式形态学滤波器分割为地面和非地面点云两部分,对两者进行不同强度的去冗余稀疏采样,之后将3D数据经球坐标变换映射为2D矩阵(表示为距离图像),并通过占据图形式表示距离图像像素值是否存在。根据占据图的Morton 码排序,2D矩阵被表示为更加紧凑的1维距离向量。最后对占据图和距离向量利用图像编码方法进行压缩。实验结果表明,本文方法压缩性能明显优于点云压缩锚点,Google Draco方法;与MPEG TMC13方法相比,在较大bpp的情况下可以达到更高的重建质量,恰好适于精度要求高的自动驾驶应用场合。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has