不规则高层混合结构整体模型模拟地震振动台试验研究

以厦门福隆大厦为背景,对不规则高层结构的1/20整体模型进行模拟地震振动台试验研究,测试了模型结构的动力特性、阻尼比及其在7度多遇、7度基本、7度罕遇烈度地震作用下的加速度和位移反应等,研究了模型结构的破坏机理和破坏模式.结果表明:模型结构前三阶振型频率依次为:1.74Hz(Y向平动)、2.28Hz(X向平动)和3.12Hz(整体扭转),其中X向和Y向平动对应阻尼比分别为6.5%和6.3%.在7度多遇和罕遇地震作用下,X向结构最大层间位移角分别为1/956和1/147,Y向结构最大层间位移角分别为1/570和1/83.因此原型结构的布置基本合理,整体抗震性能较好.最后对原型结构的抗震设计方案提出了一些改进建议.     

隐形梁柱法改造老旧砌体建筑的抗震性能分析

针对采用隐形梁柱改造的老旧砌体建筑,选取3种结构形式的模型:无圈梁构造柱的砌体结构模型、有圈梁构造柱的砌体模型和隐形梁柱的砌体结构模型.对各组模型进行模态分析和地震时程反应分析,并对自振周期、结构损伤、最大水平位移、层间位移角,地震作用下加速度值进行对比.在地震作用下,无圈梁结构加速度值最大,隐形梁柱结构次之,圈梁结构的加速度值最小.加速度越小,地震对结构的破坏程度越低.研究结果表明:隐形梁柱法提高了结构的整体性与耗能能力,从而提高了抗震能力.     

不规则体型高层钢结构模拟地震振动台试验研究

为研究高柱支承框架结构的抗震性能,对一V形支撑立面不规则体型高层钢框架结构进行了1/12整体模型模拟地震振动台试验,以主要结构动力特性、基底反力、柱底反力为控制目标制作模型并测试了其振型、阻尼比及其在7度多遇、7度基本、7度罕遇烈度地震作用下的加速度和位移反应. 模型总高4.65m,总质量59.2t,模拟地震波采用了El Centro波和人工波. 试验中结构表现出明显的扭转效应,悬挑部分的位移反应较大;地震波三向输入时,扭转反应比单向输入时大. 根据试验结果和相似理论,推导、分析了原型结构的地震反应,并对原型结构薄弱环节的抗震设计提出了建议.     

框架-剪力墙结构三维弹塑性地震反应

为研究大震下结构三维弹塑性地震反应,基于纤维模型,对一个规则、对称的钢筋混凝土框架-剪力墙结构建立三维分析模型,分别在单、双向输入地震动情况下进行了弹塑性地震反应分析,对两种情况下结构顶层位移、加速度、扭转角,基底剪力及各层的最大层间位移角、层剪力、层扭转角等反应进行对比分析。结果表明：在单、双向输入地震动时结构水平方向反应变化不大;双向输入时的结构顶层扭转角时程反应和楼层最大扭转角反应都远大于单方向输入时的扭转反应。     

混凝土小型空心砌块结构抗震性能研究

按相似理论设计制作了1：6比例的7层混凝土小型空心砌块结构整体模型，进行了模拟三向地震振动台试验，研究了模型结构的动力特性、位移反应及层间位移角反应，研究了模型结构在不同烈度地震动作用下的震害情况以及结构的薄弱部位、开裂机理等．根据试验现象提出了四线退化型的恢复力模型，编制了非线性时程分析程序，对原型结构进行了地震反应分析，在试验研究和理论分析的基础上评估了该类结构的抗震性能，为工程抗震设计提供理论依据．     

基础隔震结构整体非线性动力响应分析研究

为研究隔震结构在地震作用下的非线性响应规律,对某高层隔震剪力墙结构,分别考虑上部结构为弹性与弹塑性,进行中震和罕遇地震作用下的动力时程分析研究,同时分析整体弹塑性模型中保持楼板弹性假定对结构响应的影响.分析表明,考虑整体弹塑性作用的隔震结构减震系数减小,罕遇地震下层间位移角增大,顶点位移时程滞后于仅考虑支座非线性作用的分析结果,隔震层位移减小,支座滞回曲线面积减小,同时剪力墙和楼板实际均出现了不同程度的弹塑性损伤.弹塑性楼板模型的层间剪力和位移角均大于弹性楼板假定模型的,顶点位移时程则滞后于弹性楼板模型的顶点位移时程,幅值变化不大.     

三层阁结构仿古建筑的抗震性能

以仿古中式三层阁为研究对象，建立了力学抗震分析模型.对结构整体分别施加人工波和天然波2种地震波，并进行时程分析，得到X和Y方向的层间位移.研究表明：模型X向层间位移比Y向小，说明X向侧移刚度与Y向相比较大;模型的1~3层的层间位移角远小于弹性限值1/550，结构刚度偏大;减少墙、柱竖向构件的截面面积，或减少梁柱数量，对结构力学的性能影响不大.为提高结构整体刚度，需加大Y向侧移刚度，这可以通过加大Y向截面尺寸来实现.     

双向水平地震下时程分析法中输入波的选择

借鉴美国规范ASCE/SEI7-05和FEMA368关于三维分析的选波思路,并与我国二维分析中的双频段法相结合,提出了根据地震波两水平分量反应谱的SRSS谱与目标设计反应谱进行拟合的SRSS法和双周期法.以3个空间框架为例,分别以多遇地震下的最大弹性基底剪力、罕遇地震下的最大弹塑性顶点位移和最大弹塑性层间位移角为结构响应指标,对比分析了双频段法、SRSS法和双周期法对双向水平地震波的选择控制效果.结果表明,双周期法得到的最大弹性基底剪力离散性最小,SRSS法和双周期法得到的最大弹塑性顶点位移和最大弹塑性层间位移角的离散性均小于双频段法,双周期法具有对几种地震响应指标更全面、更好的控制效果.     

场地类别对地铁地下车站结构地震反应的影响规律

以南京地铁建设为工程背景,根据《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB 50011-2010)中场地类别的分类方法,保持场地覆盖层厚度不变,通过改变场地等效剪切波速,设计出典型的Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ类工程场地类别.采用大型有限元分析软件ABAQUS,考虑土体与混凝土的非线性以及土与结构接触非线性,研究地铁车站在规范规定的不同场地类别条件下地下结构的层间位移和位移角反应特征以及结构关键部位的应力反应特征.结果表明:不同场地类别对地铁地下车站结构地震反应的影响规律和影响程度有所不同.总体来看,在较差场地类别条件下,基岩输入峰值加速度峰值对层间位移角幅值的影响程度较大,且对车站结构下层层间位移角幅值的影响更大.在本文所有的输入地震动强度条件下,Ⅱ类场地下地铁车站结构基本处于弹性工作状态,而Ⅳ类场地下地铁车站结构在中小地震发生时层间位移角很容易进入整体弹塑性工作状态.同时,场地类别越差,车站结构整体残余变形越容易发生,造成结构的残动内力也迅速增加.     

隔震设计分析及隔震结构变形缝设置探讨

为研究隔震结构设置对整体结构抗震性能的影响,以实际工程中四川卧龙一贯制学校中学部教学楼结构隔震设计为例,采用SAP2000软件对结构进行整体非线性动力时程分析,在多遇地震和罕遇地震作用下对隔震结构和非隔震结构进行对比分析.分析结果表明:多遇地震作用下隔震结构的层间剪力、加速度和层间位移较非隔震结构均有大幅度降低,其中X向、Y向最大层剪力分别降低了78%,和79%,;X向、Y向楼层最大加速度分别降低了60%,和52%,;X向、Y向最大层间位移分别降低了75%,和85%,.此外,罕遇地震作用下设置隔震结构也能明显减小结构的地震反应,改善结构的抗震性能.同时还对隔震结构变形缝的设置进行了探讨,为相关工程提供参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that