In vivo inhibition of citrate cleavage enzyme by polychlorinated biphenyls

Summary Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1254, PCB) administered in the diet (0.01%, w/v) to rats inhibited citrate cleavage enzyme. The results suggest that the decreased activity might in part account for decreased fatty acid synthesis in the livers of PCB-treated rats.This research was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (ES-00040). Aroclor 1254 was a gift of Monsanto Company, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.     

The concentration of high molecular weight kininogen antigen in homogenates of various human tissues

Summary The concentration of high molecular weight kininogen, measured in human tissue homogenates, was 2–3 times higher in kidneys, adrenals and thyroid than in homogenates of lung, heart, liver and spleen. No measurable quantities of this protein were found in homogenates of brain and skeletal muscles.This work was supported by a grant from the Department of Medical Sciences of Polish Academy of Sciences.     

Presence of giant mitochondria during cerebellar ontogenesis in reptiles

Summary Giant mitochondria were observed in the perikarya and dendrites of Purkinje cells in the developing cerebellar cortex of the lizardGallotia galloti at sevral stages previous to hatching. Such mitochondria are absent from the adult cerebellum.4 December 1986The authors would like to thank Prof. L. Puelles (Murcia University) for his critical assistance and the Edafology Department of La Laguna University for facilities offered, specially for the use of the electron microscope. This work has been pertially suported by a CAICYT research grant No. 909-2.     

Helminthosporoside,a host-specific toxin fromHelminthosporium sacchari: A structure revision and a new partial structure

Summary Reevaluation of the previously proposed structure of helminthosporoside, a host-specific toxin fromHelminthosporium sacchari, reveals a sesquiterpenoid bis-digalactoside. The carbohydrate portion of the toxin was characterized by¹³C-NMR spectroscopy, methylation analyses, FD and FAB mass spectroscopy. The ring size and anomeric configuration of the galactose moieties were determined by utilizing a¹³C-NMR structural analysis method. A new partial structure is proposed.Acknowledgment. We extend special thanks to C.E. Costello, Department of Chemistry, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA, for FD mass spectral analyses, and to C.E. Ballou, Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, for FAB mass spectral analyses. We submit sincere appreciation to both V.N. Reihold, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, and P. Albersheim, Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, for methylation analyses. We thank J.S. Frye at the Colorado State University Regional NMR-Center, funded by National Science Foundation grant No. DHE 78-18581, Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co, for high resolution CMR and NMR, and we are grateful to P.W. Jennings, Department of Chemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Mt, for total carbon analyses. This work was supported in part by a Herman Frasch Foundation grant to G.A. Strobel, by NSF grant PCM-78-22517, and funds from the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station. B.P. Mundy acknowledges the partial support of NSF (ISP-801149).     

Placental permeability of arsenate ion during early embryogenesis in the hamster

Summary Sodium arsenate crosses the placental barrier in pregnant Syrian hamsters following injection in teratogenic or tracer doses on the 8th day of gestation.This work was supported by USPHS grant ES-00697.     

Formation of hydroxyapatite nuclei induced by dehydration of calcifying solutions

Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, dass bei Entfernung eines Teiles der wasserlöslichen Phase einer meta-stabilen, verkalkenden Lösung, Kalk- und Phosphorionen so angereichert werden, dass «kristallisierte Kerne» von Hydroxyapatit auftreten.

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This work was supported in part by grant No. DE-02456-03 from the National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health and by contract No. 4234 (00) with the Office of Naval Research, Department of the Navy.     

Age-related differences in the urinary excretion of prostaglandin F2α catabolites in the rat

Summary Tritium-labelled PGF₂ was administered i.v. into rats of varying ages (2, 4, 6 weeks and adult). Urine was collected and assayed for radioactive products by thin-layer-chromatography. Results showed a distinctly different urinary profile between the 2-week-old and the adult rat. While the urinary pattern from the 2-week-old rat gave a single less polar product than PGF₂, the pattern from the adult rat gave products more polar than PGF₂. Urine from the 4- and 6-week-old rats gave a mixture of these types of products. These results indicate that some prostaglandin catabolic pathway (likely the -oxidative system) is activated in vivo within the 4–6-week postnatal period in the rat.Supported by a grant (MT-4181) to C.P.-A. from the Medical Research Council of Canada.This study is in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Ph.D. degree in the Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto.     

Detection of factor VIII related antigens in long term cultures of rat endothelial cells

Summary Rat endothelial cells in culture can be distinguished from fibroblasts and epithelial cells by their reaction with antisera against human factor VIII (AHF) associated proteins.The data form part of the Ph.D. thesis submitted by A.T. Darnule to the Department of Biology, New York University. Supported in part by NIH USPHS Program Project grant HL15832.     

Tyrosine hydroxylase activity and tyrosine titers during cockroach metamorphosis

Summary Tyrosine hydroxylation (TH) to dopa in vivo in nymphs and pharate adults ofPeriplaneta americana was very low, but increased over 30-fold beginning at ecdysis. Free tyrosine increased in pharate, adults and peaked at ecdysis, whereas TH activity peaked 6 h later. Both TH activity and tyrosine titers declined the next 24 h as the cuticle tanned. TH appears to regulate tanning substrate biosynthesis in cockroaches.Contribution No. 81-294-j, Department of Entomology, Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan KS. Research supported in part by National Science Foundation grant No. PCM-8003859. I wish to thank Dr. M.A.J. Al-Izzi for assistance with the enzyme analyses.     

Seasonal changes in the uptake capacity of the suprachiasmatic nucleus for3H-serotonin

Summary The suprachiasmatic nucleus, a hypothalamic center important in mediation of circadian and estrous cycles, is shown in adult rats to have seasonal changes in its uptake capacity in vitro for³H-serotonin.Supported in part by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (MH-25091), the National Institute of Health (HD-10263, HD-03352, 5-T01-HD00104-10), USPHS, and the Ford Foundation (grant No. 630-0505 B, C).     

Dynamics of estrogen binding by uterine cells in vivo

Summary The dynamics of the in vivo binding and release of tritiated estradiol in different uterine cell types are described. The very early binding of estrogens by the cytosol-nuclear and the eosinophil receptor systems is in accordance with the hypothesis that some estrogenic effects are mediated by these receptor systems.Acknowledgments. This work was supported in part by grant 2015 from the Servicio Técnico de Desarrollo Científico y Creación Artística of the University of Chile to the Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Experimental Morphology, University of Chile Medical School, by a Population Council Fellowship to Dr A. Tchernitchin from 1970 to 1972, by a Rockefeller Foundation grant to the Laboratories of Reproductive Biology, University of North Carolina Medical School, and by USPHS grant HD00371 to the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. We wish to thank Drs W. E. Stumpf (Laboratories of Reproductive Biology, University of North Carolina Medical School) and A. M. Bongiovanni (Children's Hospital of Philadelphia) for the facilities available.     

Chemical studies of marine invertebrates. XXVII. On the absolute configuration of aromadendrane sesquiterpenes from the soft coral Cespitularia aff. subviridis

Summary Allo-aromadendrene, (-) viridiflorol and (+) ledol have been identified as minor constituents of the soft coral Cespitularia aff. subviridis.For part XXVI, see Y. M. Sheikh, C. Djerassi, J. C. Braekman, D. Daloze, M. Kaisin, B. Tursch an R. Karlsson, Tetrahedron (in press).Acknowledgments. This work was supported by NATO Research Grant ES-003. We thank Dr J. Verseveldt for the identification of the animal.Chercheur Qualifité du Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique Belge.Service de Chimie Organique E. P.     

Possible role of GABA in the development of tolerance to alcohol

Summary Rat cerebellar GABA levels were reduced following 2 weeks alcohol administration. Animals also exhibited alcohol tolerance with an air righting reflex. This tolerance was mimiced by picrotoxin administration in control animals and was reduced in animals chronically administered alcohol by aminooxyacetic acid.This work was supported in part by a grant awarded under Public Law 93-282, Division of Addiction Services, Indiana Department of Mental Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, Patrick J. V. Corcoran, M. D., principal investigator.     

Differentiation in renal homografts of isolated parts of rat embryonic ectoderm

Summary The central and the peripheral areas of the head-fold stage rat embryo ectoderm develop into both the neural tissue and the epidermis when grafted under the kidney capsule of adult rats.This investigation was supported by the grant No. IV/3 from the Research Foundation of S.R. Croatia, and in part by NIH PL 480 Agreement No. 02-038-1.     

Inhibition of neurotensin (NT)-induced glucagon release by [D-Trp11]-NT1

Summary A synthetic analog of neurotensin (NT), [D-Trp¹¹]-NT, antagonized NT-induced hyperglucagonemia and hyperglycemia, and also NT-induced glucagon release from pancreatic islets in rats.This work was supported in part by a grant from the Imanaga Medical Research Foundation, Nagoya, Japan. Address for reprint requests: M.U., Department of Surgery, National Nagoya Railway Hospital, Taiko 1-chome, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya 453, Japan.     

Occurrence of DDT and BHC residues in human milk in India

Summary Samples of human milk from Punjab, India have shown the presence of DDT and BHC residues in amounts greater than those reported from most of the other countries.This research has been financed in part by a grant made by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service authorized by Public Law 480.     

12-Hydroxy-E-γ-bisabolene,a new sesquiterpene alcohol from a Caribbean sea whip of the genusPseudopterogorgia (Gorgonacea,Cnidaria)

Summary A new sesquiterpene alcohol, 12-hydroxy-E--bisabolene, is reported from an undescribed Caribbean sea whip of the genusPseudopterogorgia. The structure of this new alcohol was established based upon spectral analyses and through chemical interconversions.Acknowledgment. This research was supported by NOAA, Office of Sea Grant, Department of Commerce, under grant NA80AA-D-00120, and in part by the California State Resources Agency, project R/MP-22. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints. We wish to acknowledge the mass spectral support provided by the Bioorganic Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Resource Center, University of California, San Francisco (A.L. Burlingame, Director) which is supported through NIH grant RR00719.     

Distribution of14C after topical application of14C-labeled 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) in mice

Summary Following topical application of¹⁴C-labeled 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU, carmustine) to the skin of mice radioactivity was found in all viscera and tissues examined. Exclusive of the gut, highest values were recorded for the liver, kidney and lung.Supported by Public Health Service, grant CA 14825, from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health, Education and Welfare.     

Effect of magnesium pemoline on the survival of mice with ehrlich ascites tumor

Zusammenfassung Magnesium Pemolin, ein zentralnervöses Reiz- und gutes Schutzmittel gegen Radiumbestrahlung, verlängert die Lebensdauer von Ehrlich-Ascites-Tumor-Mäusen, und zwar mit oder ohne zusätzlichen Einfluss einer Dosis nichttödlicher Bestrahlung (500 R).

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This work was supported in part by grant No. 2-44-33-90-3-06 from the Norval H. Pierce Research Fund, University of Illinois and in part by a grant from Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago.     

A light microscopic study of denervation atrophy in serial sections

Summary Type I and type II muscle fibers from rat extensor digitorum longus muscle were sequentially followed in serial sections after various time intervals following denervation. The type II fibers exhibited the greatest degree of atrophy as well as showing a systematic diameter variability along its length.This study has been supported in part by Research grant No. G008003038 from the National Institute of Handicapped Research, Department of Education, and by the Muscular Dystrophy Association of America.