基于能量算子的单信道重叠信号盲分离方法

针对单个信道的多个时、频重叠信号分量的分离问题,提出一种能量分离方法对各个信号分量进行瞬时频率和幅度估计,从而进行多个信号分量的分离。基于能量算子的计算简单,以及很好的时域分辨率的特点,该方法可用于实时处理和实际工程应用。仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

板材液压拉深试验装置开发

开发了一种用于板材液压拉深成形性能研究的试验装置,包括拉深模具及液压控制系统。该装置不需要复杂的外部供液系统、压边系统及凸模导向系统,在普通的单动压力机上就能实现对不同材料及尺寸板材的普通拉深和液压拉深试验。初步的试验表明,该装置结构简单、操作方便、工作可靠,满足板材液压拉深试验要求,能够有效的改善板材的成形性能。     

基于Tsallis模型的重叠峰信号分离

针对多个领域共同遭遇的重叠峰信号分离难题,提出了一种分离重叠峰信号的简单方法.利用Tsallis分布作为待处理峰信号的模型,借助分数阶微分作为信号变换工具,通过建立Tsallis峰信号的极值与其微分阶次的关系式和过零点与其微分阶次的关系式,获得了两类参数估计器,利用这些参数估计器,通过调节峰形参数能够估计出Gaussian峰、Lorentzian峰和Tsallis峰信号的峰位置、峰高和峰宽参数,根据获得的特征参数可拟合出待分析的峰信号,从而实现重叠峰信号的分离.     

基于单片机的工件零位偏差角度测量系统的设计

目前三棱形轴孔工件的零位偏差角度测量多采用手动找正,但手动找正存在劳动量大、精度低等诸多缺陷.针对该问题的不足提出了基于AT89C52单片机为核心的零位偏差角度自动测量系统的设计方案.将测得的角度值以无线传输的形式传送给数控端,并给出了系统的找正原理,以及软硬件的设计.测试结果表明,整个系统结构设计合理,各部分工作正常...     

多电厂频繁低幅次同步振荡的现象模拟及抑制措施研究

频繁超过发电机轴系疲劳累积阈值的低幅次同步振荡会大幅降低机组轴系的服役年限,是近年来出现的次同步振荡新问题.以呼盟系统为研究对象,根据实际录波分析了多电厂机组出现频繁超标低幅次同步振荡的根本原因.计算了电气阻尼对次同步扭振相互作用环节中主要电气参量的敏感度,基于此提出了在触发角上施加扰动激励模态振荡的仿真方法.基于呼盟系统电磁暂态仿真模型,对宽带通和窄带通SSDC抑制该类型次同步振荡问题的局限性进行了分析.从响应时间和阻尼转矩提供能力两方面对比了SEDC与机端并联型FACTS装置的差异.分析表明,二者的响应时间较为接近,而FACTS装置提供阻尼转矩的能力却远强于SEDC.采用时域仿真法对比了SEDC,SVC以及STATCOM的抑制效果.综合考虑抑制效果和占地面积等因素,推荐STATCOM为优选的抑制方案.提出了适用于实际工程应用的级联型STATCOM的控制策略,对其抑制容量和输出特性进行了分析.结果表明,采用所提出的控制策略的STATCOM在较小容量下具有较好的抑制效果和输出特性.     

基于虚拟仪器的电厂烟气湿法脱硫石灰石活性测控装置

针对石灰石活性测试研发了一种基于虚拟仪器的电厂烟气湿法脱硫石灰石活性测控装置。介绍了测试装置的工艺流程、系统硬件组成和系统软件设计。重点阐述了在虚拟仪器LabVIEW9．0开发平台上,系统主界面、数据的采集与控制、数据处理与管理等软件的设计。     

基于AGENT架构的结构静动态协同优化方法研究

提出一种机械系统静动态协同优化模式以及本体投影关系. 在此基础上构造了一种基于AGENT架构的结构静动态协同优化设计系统. 该系统由2个AGENT群体构成: 优化AGENT群体和有限元分析AGENT群体. 其中优化AGENT群体由系统优化、子模型优化和优化管理组成. 3类AGENT构成星形结构. 有限元AGENT群体采用分布协同的双层结构. 详述了有限元AGENT群体的结构及其协同工作的过程. 最后以液压挖掘机工作装置的结构为例, 用一个原型系统对这一架构在原理上的可行性进行了初步的验证.     

基于安全域的安全约束机组组合

鉴于电力系统安全稳定问题日益突出，有必要在电力系统的日前调度，即机组组合中考虑静态电压稳定和暂态稳定等与系统有功调度方式密切相关的安全性约束．然而，由于电力系统暂态稳定等问题本身的复杂性与现有方法的局限性，尚未见到在机组组合中考虑这些约束的相关报道．同时，由于缺少对不同调度方案的安全裕度进行定量评估的手段，至今在制定日前发电计划时难以有效地协调电力系统的经济性与安全性．针对上述问题，以安全域的方法学为基础，建立了一种可同时考虑系统运行经济性与安全性的多目标机组组合模型，首次在电力系统机组组合问题中同时考虑了支路潮流约束、静态电压稳定约束和暂态稳定约束．建立的模型以系统总运行成本、支路传输容量裕度、静态电压稳定裕度和暂态稳定裕度为优化子目标，通过子目标的权值，可以方便的调整对系统运行经济性与安全性的偏好，达到两者的兼顾．以IEEERTS-24节点系统为例，验证了所建立模型的正确性与有效性．     

基于恒模特性的单通道时频重叠信号盲分离算法

针对单通道同调制方式、同调制参数时频重叠信号的盲分离问题,基于MSK信号的恒模特性,及对MSK混合信号分量幅度的准确估计,构建了单通道信号盲分离欠定方程组.为解决该方程组的解模糊问题,根据MSK信号相位连续特性,提出了相位方差最小模糊解消除准则.但相位对噪声较为敏感,该准则可能会产生严重的误判现象,又提出了一种基于最小斜率的补充准则.基于以上两种模糊解消除准则,可对单通道信号盲分离欠定方程组的模糊解进行合理选择,有效地实现了MSK时频重叠信号的单通道盲分离.仿真结果表明:在信噪比大于5 dB的条件下,该算法对混合信号具有较好的分离效果.并且该算法具有复杂度低、计算量小的优点.     

基于AGENT架构的结构静动态协同优化方法研究

提出一种机械系统静动态协同优化模式以及本体投影关系.在此基础上构造了一种基于AGENT架构的结构静动态协同优化设计系统.该系统由2个AGENT群体构成优化AGENT群体和有限元分析AGENT群体.其中优化AGENT群体由系统优化、子模型优化和优化管理组成.3类AGENT构成星形结构.有限元AGENT群体采用分布协同的双层结构.详述了有限元AGENT群体的结构及其协同工作的过程.最后以液压挖掘机工作装置的结构为例,用一个原型系统对这一架构在原理上的可行性进行了初步的验证.     

Inherent properties and statistics with individual particles in quantum mechanics

This paper puts forward the hypothesis that the distinctive features of quantum statistics are exclusively determined by the nature of the properties it describes. In particular, all statistically relevant properties of identical quantum particles in many-particle systems are conjectured to be irreducible, ‘inherent’ properties only belonging to the whole system. This allows one to explain quantum statistics without endorsing the ‘Received View’ that particles are non-individuals, or postulating that quantum systems obey peculiar probability distributions, or assuming that there are primitive restrictions on the range of states accessible to such systems. With this, the need for an unambiguously metaphysical explanation of certain physical facts is acknowledged and satisfied.     

Spasmin-like proteins in various ciliates revealed by antibody to purified spasmins ofCarchesium polypinum

Summary It was found that some ciliates,Stentor, Spirostomum andBlepharisma, which can contract rapidly like the stalks of Vorticellidae, have Ca²⁺-binding proteins that are very similar to spasmins, in the immunological sense. The presence of spasmins in other Protozoa and in some Metazoa was also investigated.     

Partial sequence of the gene for a serine protease from a halophilic archaeumhaloferax mediterranei R4, and nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA encoding genes from several halophilic archaea

A part of the gene coding for a halophilic serine protease from a halophilic archaeumHaloferax mediterranei R4 was amplified by PCR and its 672 nucleotide sequence was determined. Tentative translation to the amino acid sequence suggested that the enzyme was quite similar to halolysin produced by another halophilic archaeum strain 172P1. Nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA encoding genes from 9 halophilic archaea were determined. Alignment of 19 sequences known so far showed that there are more than 20 positions carrying bases or deletions specific for each halobacterial genus:Halobacterium, Haloarcula, Haloferax, andHalococcus.     

Endorcine cells producing regulatory peptides

Summary Recent data on the immunologication of regulatory peptides and related propeptide sequences in endocrine cells and tumours of the gastrointestinal tract pancreas, lung, thyroid, pituitary (ACTH and opioids), adrenals and paraganglia have been revised and discussed. Gastrin, xenopsin, cholecystokinin (CCK), somatostatin, motilin, secretin, GIP (gastric inhibitory beenrevised and discussed. Gastrin, xenopsin, cholecystokinin (CCK), somatostatin, motilin, secretin, GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide), neurotensin, glicentin/glucagon-37 and PYY (peptide tyrosine tyrosine) are the main products of gastrointestinal endocrine cells; glucagon, CRF (corticotropin releasing factor), somatostatin, PP (pancreatic polypeptide) and GRF (growth hormone releasing factor), in addition to insulin, are produced in pancreatic islet cells; bombesin-related peptidesare the main markers of pulmonary endocrine cells; calcitonin and CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) occur in thyroid and extrathyroid C cells; ACTH and endorphins in anterior and intermediate lobe pituitary cells, -MSH and CLIP (corticotropoin-like intermediate lobe peptide) in intermediate lobe cells; met- and leu-enkephalins and related peptides in adrenal medullary and paraganglionic cells as well as in some gut (enterochromaffin) cells; NPY (neuropeptide Y) in adrenalin-type adrenal medullary cells, etc.. Both tissue-appropriate and tissue-inappropriate regulatory peptides are produced by endocrine tumours, with inappropriate peptides mostly produced by malignant tumours.     

Cognition wars

In what kinds of physical systems can cognition be realized? There are currently competing answers among scientists and theorists of cognition. There are many plant scientists who maintain that cognition can be realized in plants. There are biological scientists who maintain that cognition is materially realized in bacteria. In this paper, I will present the basis for such claims and evaluate them and discuss the future for theories of the metaphysical basis of cognition in the cognitive sciences.     

Anthelmintic activity of a benzimidazoline compound in sheep by abomasal infusion

Summary In vitro and in vivo data on the benzimidazoline compound indicate anthelmintic potential when introduced directly into the abomasum.     

Evolutionary and ecological implications of cardenolide sequestration in the monarch butterfly

Summary Monarch butterflies sequester cardenolides from their larval host plants in the milkweed genusAsclepias for use in defense against predation. Of 108Asclepias species in North America, monarchs are known to feed as larvae on 27. Research on 11 of these has shown that monarchs sequester cardenolides most effectively, to an asymptote of approximately 350 g/0.1 g dry butterfly, from plants with intermediate cardenolide contents rather than from those with very high or very low cardenolide contents. SinceAsclepias host plant species are distributed widely in space and time across the continent, monarchs exploit them by migration between breeding and overwintering areas. After overwintering in central Mexico, spring migrants east of the Rocky Mountains exploit three predominantAsclepias species in the southern USA that have moderately high cardenolide contents. Monarchs sequester cardenolides very effectively from these species. First generation butterflies are thus well protected against predators and continue the migration north. Across the northern USA and southern Canada most summer breeding occurs on a fourthAsclepias species and in autumn most of these monarchs migrate back to Mexican overwintering sites. The ecological implications of this cycle of cardenolide sequestration for the evolution of monarch migration are discussed.     

Bioaccumulation processes in ecosystems

The fate of environmental pollutants — the various isotopes of elements, and inorganic or organic compounds — is a fundamental aspect of ecology and ecotoxicology, and bioaccumulation is a phenomenon often discussed in this context. Human activities have drastically altered natural concentrations of many substances in the environment and added numerous new chemicals. An understanding of the processes of bioaccumulation is important for several reasons. 1) Bioaccumulation in organisms may enhance the persistence of industrial chemicals in the ecosystem as a whole, since they can be fixed in the tissues of organisms. 2) Stored chemicals are not exposed to direct physical, chemical, or biochemical degradation. 3) Stored chemicals can directly affect an individual's health. 4) Predators of those organisms that have bioaccumulated harmful substances may be endangered by food chain effects. While former theories on the processes of bioaccumulation focused on single aspects that affect the extent of accumulation (such as the trophic level within the food chain or the lipophilicity of the chemical), modern theories are based on compartmental kinetics and the integration of various environmental interactions. Concepts include results from quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR), pharmacokinetics, ecophysiology and general biology, molecular genetic aspects and selection, and finally the structure of communities and man-made alterations in them.     

Mating attempts between the Scarlet Tiger Moth,Callimorpha dominula L., and the Cinnabar Moth,Tyria jacobaeae L. (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), involve a common sex pheromone composition

It has been suggested that a common sex pheromone composition may account for interspecific sexual interactions observed with certain moths in the Arctiidae. In this study, it is demonstrated that the sex pheromones released by females of the Scarlet Tiger Moth,Callimorpha dominula L., and the Cinnabar Moth,Tyria jacobaeae L., have similar activities and elute at the same retention time on analysis by coupled gas chromatography (GC)-electrophysiology with males from each species. Peak enhancement on GC, chiral GC and coupled GC-mass spectrometry using authentic compounds show that the sex pheromone for bothC. dominula andT. jacobaeae is (3Z,6Z,9S,10R)-9,10-epoxyheneicosa-3,6-diene.     

Observation and prediction in ancient astrology

What is the relationship between observations, predictions, texts, and instruments in ancient astrology? By distinguishing between two distinct kinds of observation claim in astrological texts, I show on the one hand the rhetorical and theoretical importance of each kind of observation claim to ancient astrological traditions, and on the other hand how practices of ancient astrology break from observation once astronomical phenomena become reliably predictable. We thus see a shift in practice from observationally derived predictions to a reliance on textual and instrumental authority, even though the rhetoric of ancient astrology still tries to maintain an emphasis on observation.