双目立体视觉系统设计

双目立体视觉是一种对目标点进行准确快速定位行之有效的方法,通过对双目立体视觉系统标定、立体匹配等关键技术的研究,设计开发了一种可以广泛应用的双目立体视觉系统。该系统采用了两种匹配算法,分别采用传统上基于极线约束的特征点灰度相关匹配算法和基于SIFT(Scale Invariant FeatureTransform)特征描述子的改进匹配算法实现。在实现双目立体视觉系统的目标点定位基础上,进行了两种匹配算法的性能比较和分析。实验表明该双目视觉系统设计具有良好的实用价值。     

基于极线校正的相移结构光三维测量

被动式方法对表面无明显特征的物体难以获取稠密的三维重建点,无法进行精确而快速的测量.针对这一问题,采用双目立体视觉测量系统,结合主动式方法的相位移动结构光法对每个图像像素点进行处理,获取三维物体表面稠密的数据,实现真正的全场测量.双目系统经过极线校正,对应点的极线处在同一水平线上,匹配时不用逐点计算每个像素点的极线,大大减少匹配时间.实验结果表明此方法能快速获得复杂表面物体的稠密测量.     

事故车辆图像特征点的自动匹配

实现交通事故现场勘查中物体的立体视觉量测,需要对勘查获取的立体图像进行匹配。但由于一般自动匹配记录信息和事故研究所需信息的差异,使得自动匹配成果难以直接应用到交通事故勘查的立体匹配中。针对该问题,研究提出了一种事故车辆图像特征点的自动匹配方法,应用SIFT理论和BP神经网络理论,构造了事故车辆图像特征点的自动匹配模型,并进行了实验验证。研究结果表明,该匹配方法可以实现立体像对中任一选定目标的自动匹配,匹配的结果能够做为精匹配的提示。该项研究大幅度提高立体匹配选点的效率,加快交通事故立体视觉系统量测的速度,还可以作为一种技术手段给车牌被遮挡的违章车辆的确认提供借鉴。     

基于极线约束的多线激光条纹匹配算法

依据双目视觉方法,先由双CCD摄像机摄取左右两幅标记有多线激光条纹的图像,然后对图像进行预处理．处理后的两幅图像是在不同视角下摄取的多条单像素宽的激光条纹,在极线约束的理论基础上,提出了一种多线激光条纹的匹配方法,从而实现了激光条纹的匹配和激光扫描线的三维重建．     

机器人立体视觉模块的故障诊断

针对机器人的视觉模块，提出了一种故障诊断的算法．该方法根据极线几何理论，利用基本矩阵离线地得到故障诊断的期望范围，再根据匹配像素点是否落在期望范围内判断视觉模块当前是否存在故障．与常规方法相比，不需要增加额外的传感器，且占用系统资源较少，具有相当好的实时性．实验证明，利用该方法进行故障诊断的错判率和漏检率均在3％以下。     

基于形状相似的三维模型检索方法研究

在基于内容的三维模型检索方法中,基于形状的检索方法由于其视觉上的直观性和效果上的稳定性,得到了广泛的研究,本文提出了一种基于模型视觉投影图相似的形状检索方法,对任意模型通过坐标规范化,方向投影,提取其二维投影图像的Fourier描述符和Zernike矩描述符作为模型特征,在数据库中进行匹配检索.解决了该类方法中的投影图最优匹配的问题,并在检索效果和效率上取得了很好的结果.     

双目视觉中的一种人脸立体匹配及视差计算方法

研究并实现了一种基于双目视觉的人脸立体匹配计算方法.采用OpenCV技术结合肤色模型检测技术得到准确人脸区域,在实验对比了3种相似性度量算子优缺点的基础上,采用互相关性度量算法作为区域匹配方法.为了缩小搜索范围及提高匹配准确率,提出结合极线约束、人脸区域约束、人脸对称性等约束条件进行立体匹配,再利用左右一致性原则进行视差后处理.实验表明,本文给出的算法在时间效率上以及对应点的匹配率上有了较大的提高,效果较好,可为后续进行人脸三维重建提供良好的基础.     

Rhino建模软件在产品渐消曲面造型设计中应用研究

为了提高产品渐消曲面造型设计的效果,提出基于视觉表达和曲面融合的产品渐消曲面造型设计方法,基于Rhino建模软件进行产品渐消曲面造型设计的视觉传达设计,构建产品渐消曲面造型视觉表达模型,采用图像视觉成像方法进行产品渐消曲面造型设计过程中的图像融合和滤波处理,提取产品渐消曲面造型视觉图像的边缘轮廓特征量,采用模板分块匹配方法进行产品渐消曲面造型的分块模板匹配设计,建立产品渐消曲面造型视觉优化控制模型,结合分块融合匹配方法实现产品渐消曲面造型优化设计。在Rhino建模软件中进行产品渐消曲面造型设计的仿真实验,仿真结果表明,采用该方法进行产品渐消曲面造型设计的效果较好,视觉传达能力较强。     

基于特征匹配算法的双目视觉测距

距离测量作为障碍物检测以及路径规划的前提和基础是机器人研究领域的一个重要分支。在众多测距方法中,由于双目立体视觉具有信息丰富、探测距离广等优点被广泛应用。本文将改进的SIFT特征匹配算法应用到双目视觉测距与标定系统中。首先建立双目视觉测距模型,测量值由空间物点在左右摄像机下的像素坐标值决定;其次根据该模型的特点提出了基于平行光轴的双目立体视觉标定方法;最后利用改进的SIFT特征匹配算法,提取匹配点的像素坐标完成视觉测距。实验结果表明,根据测量数据对障碍物进行三维重建,相对距离与真实场景基本吻合,能够有效地指导机器人进行避障。     

基于相似性概率约束的立体视觉稠密匹配算法

本文提出一种面向非结构化环境的快速立体视觉稠密匹配算法,能有效解决弱纹理、岩石局部遮挡条件下的精确立体视觉稠密匹配问题。该算法利用外极线约束缩小搜索区域的候选匹配点,有效解决遮挡和深度不连续的影响,利用Mean-Shift算法构建一个自适应阈值函数来分割图像,再对稠密视差图进行初值优化,提高了高相似度与弱纹理区域内的视差估计精度。利用本算法对实际环境图像和标准测试图像进行处理,实验结果表明对环境中的遮挡和弱纹理问题具有良好的鲁棒性,在室内外环境下均能够获取高质量稠密视差图。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the