气动系统外部结露的机理与判别

通过分析、研究气动充放气系统外部结露的发生机理,提出了一种快捷的结露判别方法.当元件表面的平衡温度达到或低于环境露点,系统将发生外部结露,反之则不会发生结露.据此机理的判别方法是:假设系统元件的初始温度为环境露点温度,在考虑系统内部气体、元件及外部空气之间的耦合传热的同时来比较若干个充放气周期结束时元件表面周期温度的变化趋势,如果元件表面周期温度逐渐升高,则系统不会发生外部结露,反之系统将发生外部结露.在气动充放气系统的二维轴对称模型中进行了数值模拟,结果表明所提方法可快速准确地判断出系统的结露情况.     

高压气体定容积充放气的特性

针对高压状态下理想气体模型不能较精确描述实际气体特性的问题,基于范德瓦尔方程和气体动力学方程,推导出实际气体节流口质量流量的特性方程,建立高压气体定容积充放气过程的数学模型.在此基础上与理想气体模型进行了比较,气体充放气过程的仿真分析表明,低压情况下二者的仿真结果基本吻合,随着气体压力增加所建立模型的仿真结果更加符合实际.     

基于滑模控制的空气悬架车高控制系统研究

以提高空气悬架车高控制精度为目的,充分考虑空气悬架系统充放气过程的非线性特性,建立了气体管路流量特性方程,并结合变质量气体热力学定律,建立电磁阀开启和关闭时的空气弹簧充放气压力梯度方程,实现空气弹簧充放气过程的非线性特性数学描述,并进一步完成空气悬架车高升降的1/4车模型. 针对充放气过程的非线性特性,基于微分几何理论,将车高升降模型通过状态反馈进行全局线性化,在线性域中设计滑模控制器,进而经过线性逆变换,得到原坐标系中的非线性车高控制算法. 仿真试验表明,基于状态反馈线性化方法设计的滑模控制器,能够有效克服充放气过程的非线性特性,消除过充过放现象,显著提高车高控制品质和精度.      

多孔壁入流及其对槽道内主流流动与换热的影响

对带有多孔壁入流的水平槽道内主流气体的流动与换热问题进行了数值模拟。数值计算中将主流区和多孔壁面区进行耦合求解,对多孔壁面内流动和换热、多孔区域的非均匀温度分布、注入率对表面温度的影响等进行了研究。计算结果表明:在多孔壁面内部,冷却气体与多孔壁面内固体颗粒之间存在一定温差,说明在对多孔壁面内部的流动与换热进行体积平均式的宏观数学描述时采用局部非热平衡模型的必要性;在靠近主流气体的多孔壁面孔隙内产生与主流相反方向的速度分量。此外,不同注入率下多孔壁面上表面固体温度的计算值与实验结果基本吻合。     

非全周开口滑阀的节流温升与形变

联合采用FLUENT和ANSYS分析软件对具有典型节流槽的非全周开口滑阀的三维流场、液-固温度场和固体热变形进行数值计算.结果表明:非全周开口滑阀内部流体和固体内的温度分布不均匀,阀口流束在接近固体壁面的区域温度较高,流束中心部位温度较低,阀体和阀芯在阀口附近及流束冲击壁面有局部高温,由此导致的阀芯和阀体不均匀变形量可...     

冷冻靶黑腔氦气充注过程数值模拟与分析

基于Hagen-Poiseuille公式、耦合气体增压微分方程及气体状态方程,采用Matlab编程的形式建立了黑腔内部气体增压物理模型,针对冷冻靶黑腔氦气增压问题进行了数值模拟与分析。结果表明:在氦气充注过程中采用连续流体模型计算即可满足精度要求;毛细管的通流能力对腔内压力及温升影响剧烈,在氦气初始温度相同的情况下,毛细管通流能力越大,氦气充注速率越大,但同时腔内气体温升较高;设置冷壁制冷变功率策略后,随着冷壁最大制冷功率增加,充气速率降低,腔内温升降低,冷壁最大制冷功率提高0.5 mW,腔内最大温升下降约13 K;氦气的初始温度对充注过程有较大影响,氦气初始温度降低1 K,充气时间减少约0.6 s,腔内气体最大温升降低约0.1 K。所提出的方法可推广至靶内燃料气体充注及腔内抽空流洗情形,从而可为解决腔内气体充注问题提供一种有效便捷的数值模拟方法。     

速度调节阀两种节流方式调速效果的分析与研究

速度调节阀用以调节气动系统中气动执行元件的运动速度。它有进气节流和排气节流两种安装方式。虽然这两种安装方式都可以调节气动执行元件的速度,但调节效果有着很大不同。通过理论分析、软件仿真、试验分析三种方法对这两种节流方式的调速效果进行比较和分析,得出了排气节流的效果要好于进气节流的结论。     

工程车辆全动力液压制动系统充液特性分析

在对新型蓄能器充液阀结构与性能分析的基础上,建立了全液压制动系统恒压及恒流充液过程数学模型,得到了影响充液速度及时间的系统参数及蓄能器与充液阀的结构参数,利用Simulink进行仿真,分析了节流口浮动时系统参数及充液阀结构参数对充液特性的影响规律,实验验证了仿真模型的正确性.     

载重车中央充放气系统自动控制算法研究

轮胎是载重车的关键承载部件,为保障车辆行驶安全,在行驶过程中须实时监测各轮胎压力,并由中央充放气系统调节胎压。现有的胎压差值计算时间方式的充放气控制算法,未考虑轮胎充放气过程中动压的影响,导致胎压实际值与设定值偏差较大。在分析轮胎压力特性的基础上,提出了一种具有充放检查与调度功能的模糊-补偿式控制算法,通过模糊快充与误差补偿实现胎压的精确调节。以某型6×4载重车为例,建立充放气管路的数学模型,基于AMESim-MATLAB联合仿真平台对该控制算法进行了仿真与验证;由CAN总线获取胎压并将其作为充放气控制系统的输入,经模拟故障注入测试与装车验证,结果表明应用该控制算法的控制器原型能够实现载重车的胎压自动控制,且故障响应时间优于国标要求。     

基于试验数据的模型参数辨识研究

在民用飞机仿真建模过程中,经常会遇到黑盒元件,无法获知内部结构参数。通过试验数据的有效提取分析可以对模型参数进行估计,从而解决黑盒元件的建模问题。本文通过最小二乘法对起落架舱门收放作动器内部节流口进行了参数辨识,同时在AMEsim的仿真模型使用参数估计值,并将仿真结果与实际试验数据进行了对比。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that