激光泪道成形术治疗泪道阻塞

泪道狭窄和阻塞是一种常见多发眼病 ,治疗方法虽然很多 ,但效果不够理想。 2 0 0 0年以来 ,我们采用 Nd:YAG激光对 5 6例泪道疾病患者进行了治疗 ,现报道如下。1　材料与方法1 .1　对象选择近一年来在我院眼科门诊就诊的泪道疾病患者 ,经泪道冲洗确诊为泪道狭窄和阻塞 ,以及慢性泪管炎、泪囊炎等作为治疗对象 ,共计 5 6例 61眼。其中男性 7例 9眼 ,女性 49例 5 2眼 ,年龄最小为 30岁 ,最大 62岁。病程 1个月到 30年。1 .2　设备采用武汉光学研究所研制的 Nd:YAG泪道激光治疗机。波长为 1 .0 6μm,工作方式为脉冲 ,输出功率 2 5 W,光纤直…     

泪道黏膜超微结构研究

目的:观察泪道黏膜表面超微结构,明确泪道黏膜表面是否存在纤毛系统.方法:应用扫描电镜对7例正常人鼻泪管黏膜表面的超微结构进行观察.结果:泪道黏膜表面存在皱襞,部分上皮细胞表面有微绒毛样结构,未见类似鼻腔的纤毛系统.结论:泪道黏膜表面具有黏膜皱襞以及部分上皮细胞表面存在微绒毛结构可以推测泪道上皮对泪液可能具有一定的吸收功能.泪道黏膜不具备纤毛系统提示泪道黏膜排泄泪液是通过虹吸和重力作用而无主动排泄功能.     

爱维在泪道阻塞中的应用及疗效观察

目的：应用泪道探通加爱维填充治疗泪道阻塞，评价和观察其疗效。方法：临床上对60例不同部位的泪道阻塞患者，进行泪道冲洗加泪道探通加爱维填充治疗，观察疗效。结果：经过对60例患者的治疗，其中治愈50例，好转6例，无效4例，总有效率93％。结论：泪道探通加爱维填充治疗泪道阻塞，操作简单，患者痛苦小，花费少，效果满意。     

泪道冲洗探通冲洗法治疗新生儿泪囊炎

目的:比较按摩法、泪道冲洗法、探通冲洗法治疗新生儿泪囊炎的临床效果.方法:对216例(396只眼)年龄4 mo～2.25 a的新生儿泪囊炎患者先后采用按摩法、泪道冲洗法、探通冲洗法治疗.对组间结果进行统计分析.结果:按摩法治愈率为2.8%;泪道冲洗法治愈率为6.2%,与按摩法比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05);探通冲洗法治愈率最高为98.3%,与按摩法、泪道冲洗法比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.01,P<0.01).结论:探通冲洗法是治疗新生儿泪囊炎的最佳方法.     

改良泪道冲洗针加压冲洗治疗新生儿泪囊炎

本文报导了用改良泪道冲洗针,加压冲洗治疗新生儿泪囊炎的方法与效果。     

旋磁场物理疗法联合高频电泪道成形术治疗慢性泪囊炎的观察

目的:探讨慢性泪囊炎的高频电泪道成形术后联合旋磁场物理治疗的效果.方法:高频电泪道成形术治疗的单侧慢性泪囊炎患者64例,随机分成术后常规泪道冲洗组(对照组)30例和术后常规泪道冲洗联合旋磁场物理治疗组(试验组)34例,随访观察1年后各组的治愈率.结果:有效率试验组为94.1％,对照组为76.7％,两组差异具有统计学意义(x2=4.02,P＜O.05).结论:高频电泪道成形术后联合旋磁场进行物理治疗,能提高慢性泪囊炎高频电泪道成形术的治愈效果.     

鼻泪管支架植入术和鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造孔联合泪道引流管植入术治疗慢性泪囊炎的疗效对比

目的 比较鼻泪管支架植入术和鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造孔联合泪道引流管植入术治疗慢性泪囊炎的临床疗效.方法 选取2015-2019年佛山市中医院收治的慢性泪囊炎患者60例(60只眼)为研究对象,分为观察组和对照组.观察组在鼻内镜下行鼻腔泪囊造孔联合泪道引流管植入术治疗(30例),对照组行鼻泪管支架植入术治疗(30例).分析对比...     

具有良好可再生性的新型二氧化硅磁性氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料

Graphene oxide (GO) wrapped Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by coating the Fe₃O₄ NPs with a SiO₂ layer, and then modifying by amino groups, which interact with the GO nanosheets to form covalent bonding. The SiO₂ coating layer plays a key role in integrating the magnetic nanoparticles with the GO nanosheets. The effect of the amount of SiO₂ on the morphology, structure, adsorption, and regenerability of the composites was studied in detail. An appropriate SiO₂ layer can effectively induce the GO nanosheets to completely wrap the Fe₃O₄ NPs, forming a core-shell Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@GO composite where Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ NPs are firmly encapsulated by GO nanosheets. The optimized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@GO sample exhibits a high saturated adsorption capacity of 253 mg·g?1 Pb(II) cations from wastewater, and the adsorption process is well fitted by Langmuir adsorption model. Notably, the composite displays excellent regeneration, maintaining a ~90% adsorption capacity for five cycles, while other samples decrease their adsorption capacity rapidly. This work provides a theoretical guidance to improve the regeneration of the GO-based adsorbents.     

微波预处理对复杂铜矿磨矿及浮选动力学的影响

The effect of CaCO₃, Na₂CO₃, and CaF₂ on the reduction roasting and magnetic separation of high-phosphorus iron ore containing phosphorus in the form of Fe₃PO₇ and apatite was investigated. The results revealed that Na₂CO₃ had the most significant effect on iron recovery and dephosphorization, followed by CaCO₃, the effect of CaF₂ was negligible. The mechanisms of CaCO₃, Na₂CO₃, and CaF₂ were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM–EDS). Without additives, Fe₃PO₇ was reduced to elemental phosphorus and formed an iron–phosphorus alloy with metallic iron. The addition of CaCO₃ reacted with Fe₃PO₇ to generate an enormous amount of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ and promoted the reduction of iron oxides. However, the growth of iron particles was inhibited. With the addition of Na₂CO₃, the phosphorus in Fe₃PO₇ migrated to nepheline and Na₂CO₃ improved the reduction of iron oxides and growth of iron particles. Therefore, the recovery of iron and the separation of iron and phosphorus were the best. In contrast, CaF₂ reacted with Fe₃PO₇ to form fine Ca₃(PO₄)₂ particles scattered around the iron particles, making the separation of iron and phosphorus difficult.     

不同硅饱和系数水榴石的碳酸化分解动力学

Carbonated decomposition of hydrogarnet is one of the vital reactions of the calcification–carbonation method, which is designed to dispose of low-grade bauxite and Bayer red mud and is a novel eco-friendly method. In this study, the effect of the silica saturation coefficient (x) on the carbonation of hydrogarnet was investigated from the kinetic perspective. The results indicated that the carbonation of hydrogarnets with different x values (x = 0.27, 0.36, 0.70, and 0.73) underwent two stages with significantly different rates, and the kinetic mechanisms of the two stages can be described by the kinetic functions R3 and D3. The apparent activation energies at Stages 1 and 2 were 41.96–81.64 and 14.80–34.84 kJ/mol, respectively. Moreover, the corresponding limiting steps of the two stages were interfacial chemical reaction and diffusion.     

一种超重力燃烧合成制备高性能高熵合金的新方法

A new method of high-gravity combustion synthesis (HGCS) followed by post-treatment (PT) is reported for preparing high-performance high-entropy alloys (HEAs), Cr_0.9FeNi_2.5V_0.2Al_0.5 alloy, whereby cheap thermite powder is used as the raw material. In this process, the HEA melt and the ceramic melt are rapidly formed by a strong exothermic combustion synthesis reaction and completely separated under a high-gravity field. Then, the master alloy is obtained after cooling. Subsequently, the master alloy is sequentially subjected to conventional vacuum arc melting (VAM), homogenization treatment, cold rolling, and annealing treatment to realize a tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of 1250 MPa, 1075 MPa, and 2.9%, respectively. The present method is increasingly attractive due to its low cost of raw materials and the intermediate product obtained without high-temperature heating. Based on the calculation of phase separation kinetics in the high-temperature melt, it is expected that the final alloys with high performance can be prepared directly across master alloys with higher high-gravity coefficients.     

窄板坯结晶器内连铸工艺参数对钢液流场的影响

Computational simulations and high-temperature measurements of velocities near the surface of a mold were carried out by using the rod deflection method to study the effects of various operating parameters on the flow field in slab continuous casting (CC) molds with narrow widths for the production of automobile exposed panels. Reasonable agreement between the calculated results and measured subsurface velocities of liquid steel was obtained under different operating parameters of the CC process. The simulation results reveal that the flow field in the horizontal plane located 50 mm from the meniscus can be used as the characteristic flow field to optimize the flow field of molten steel in the mold. Increases in casting speed can increase the subsurface velocity of molten steel and shift the position of the vortex core downward in the downward circulation zone. The flow field of liquid steel in a 1040 mm-wide slab CC mold can be improved by an Ar gas flow rate of 7 L·min?1 and casting speed of 1.7 m·min?1. Under the present experimental conditions, the double-roll flow pattern is generally stable at a submerged entry nozzle immersion depth of 170 mm.     

电渣重熔脱硫技术研究进展

Electroslag remelting (ESR) gives a combination of liquid metal refining and solidification structure control. One of the typical aspects of liquid metal refining during ESR for the advanced steel and alloy production is desulfurization. It involves two patterns, i.e., slag–metal reaction and gas–slag reaction (gasifying desulfurization). In this paper, the advances in desulfurization practices of ESR are reviewed. The effects of processing parameters, including the initial sulfur level of consumable electrode, remelting atmosphere, deoxidation schemes of ESR, slag composition, melting rate, and electrical parameters on the desulfurization in ESR are assessed. The interrelation between desulfurization and sulfide inclusion evolution during ESR is discussed, and advancements in the production of sulfur-bearing steel at a high-sulfur level during ESR are described. The remaining challenges for future work are also proposed.     

利用皮秒激光烧蚀制备非球形铝纳米颗粒

We report the picosecond laser ablation of aluminum targets immersed in a polar organic liquid (chloroform, CHCl₃) with ~2 ps laser pulses at an input energy of ~350 μJ. The synthesized aluminum nanoparticles exhibited a surface plasmon resonance peak at ~340 nm. Scanning electron microscopy images of Al nanoparticles demonstrated the spherical morphology with an average size of (27 ± 3.6) nm. The formation of smaller spherical Al nanoparticles and the diminished growth could be from the formation of electric double layers on the Al nanoparticles. In addition to spherical aluminum nanoparticles, triangular/pentagonal/hexagonal nanoparticles were also observed in the colloidal solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images of ablated Al targets demonstrated laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs), which were the high spatial frequency LIPSSs (HSF-LIPSSs) since their grating period was ~280 nm. Additionally, coarse structures with a period of ~700 nm were observed.     

Mineral transition and formation mechanism of calcium aluminate compounds in CaO?Al2O3?Na2O system during high-temperature sintering

The mineral transition and formation mechanism of calcium aluminate compounds in CaO?Al₂O₃?Na₂O system during the high-temperature sintering process were systematically investigated using DSC?TG, XRD, SEM?EDS, FTIR, and Raman spectra, and the crystal structure of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was also simulated by Material Studio software. The results indicated that the minerals formed during the sintering process included Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀, CaO·Al₂O₃, and 12CaO·7Al₂O₃, and the content of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ could reach 92wt% when sintered at 1200°C for 30 min. The main formation stage of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ occurred at temperatures from 970 to 1100°C, and the content could reach 82wt% when the reaction temperature increased to 1100°C. The crystal system of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was tetragonal, and the cells preferred to grow along crystal planes (110) and (210). The formation of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was an exothermic reaction that followed a secondary reaction model, and its activation energy was 223.97 kJ/mol.     

含细夹层的分矿充填层中流动特性的可视化

Ore particles, especially fine interlayers, commonly segregate in heap stacking, leading to undesirable flow paths and changeable flow velocity fields of packed beds. Computed tomography (CT), COMSOL Multiphysics, and MATLAB were utilized to quantify pore structures and visualize flow behavior inside packed beds with segregated fine interlayers. The formation of fine interlayers was accompanied with the segregation of particles in packed beds. Fine particles reached the upper position of the packed beds during stacking. CT revealed that the average porosity of fine interlayers (24.21%) was significantly lower than that of the heap packed by coarse ores (37.42%), which directly affected the formation of flow paths. Specifically, the potential flow paths in the internal regions of fine interlayers were undeveloped. Fluid flowed and bypassed the fine interlayers and along the sides of the packed beds. Flow velocity also indicated that the flow paths easily gathered in the pore throat where flow velocity (1.8 × 10?5 m/s) suddenly increased. Fluid stagnant regions with a flow velocity lower than 0.2 × 10?5 m/s appeared in flow paths with a large diameter.     

气体扩散层集流体对Ni(OH)2纳米结构电化学性能的影响

We report the electrochemical performance of Ni(OH)₂ on a gas diffusion layer (GDL). The Ni(OH)₂ working electrode was successfully prepared via a simple method, and its electrochemical performance in 1 M NaOH electrolyte was investigated. The electrochemical results showed that the Ni(OH)₂/GDL provided the maximum specific capacitance value (418.11 F·g?1) at 1 A·g?1. Furthermore, the Ni(OH)₂ electrode delivered a high specific energy of 17.25 Wh·kg?1 at a specific power of 272.5 W·kg?1 and retained about 81% of the capacitance after 1000 cycles of galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) measurements. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) revealed the occurrence of sodium deposition after long-time cycling, which caused the reduction in the specific capacitance. This study results suggest that the light-weight GDL, which can help overcome the problem of the oxide layer on metal–foam substrates, is a promising current collector to be used with Ni-based electroactive materials for energy storage applications.     

全尾砂膏体充填材料早期强度、性能改善及稳定性分析

High-density tailings, small cementitious materials, and additives are used for backfill materials with poor early compressive strength (ECS), which may greatly affect the mining and backfill cycle, to prepare paste backfill materials (PBMs) with a high ECS. The effects and mechanisms of different early strength agents on the property of PBM are investigated. The action mechanism of additives on the properties of PBM is also analyzed through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersive spectrometry. Results show that the effects of single-component additives 1, 3, and 6 are better than those of the other additives, and their optimal dosages are 3wt%, 1wt%, and 3wt%, respectively. The optimum multicomponent combinations are 1wt% of additive 1 and 1.5wt% of additive 6. The ECS of the paste with additive 10 increases to a greater extent than that of the other pastes because of the synergistic action of additive 1 with additive 6. The hydration product of Ca(OH)₂ is consumed, and more C–S–H gels are generated with the addition of additives to paste. Tailings particles, ettringite crystals, and gels intertwined with one another form a dense net-like structure that fills the pores. This structure can significantly improve the ECS of PBM.     

低能质子对辐照富镍TiNi合金薄膜显微组织、马氏体转变和力学性能的影响

Ni–48.5at%Ti thin films were irradiated in the austenite phase by different energy-level protons at a dose rate of 1.85 × 1012 p/(cm2·s), and the total dose was 2.0 × 1016 p/cm2. The microstructures of the thin films before and after irradiation were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), which showed that the volume fraction of Ti₃Ni₄ phase elevated with proton energy level. The influence of proton irradiation on the transformation behavior of the TiNi thin films was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Compared with the unirradiation film, the reverse transformation start temperatures (A_s) decreased by about 3°C after 120 keV proton-irradiation. The proton irradiation also had a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the TiNi thin films. After 120 keV energy proton-irradiation, the fracture strength increased by 8.44%, and the critical stress increased by 21.1%. In addition, the nanoindenter measurement image showed that the hardness of the thin films increased with the increase of proton-irradiation energy. This may be due to the defects caused by irradiation, which strengthen the matrix.