“十三五”可再生能源发展展望

 从中国能源发展困境、全球能源转型趋势2 个方面,分析了可再生能源发展面临的形势。提出了中国能源转型方向:抓住全球能源转型的机遇,推动能源生产和消费革命,建立以可再生能源为主体,清洁、低碳和高效的新型能源系统。总结了中国可再生能源产业规模化发展现状及未来发展面临的主要问题,提出了"十三五"规划期间可再生能源的发展目标和政策调整方向建议。     

科技界声音

正洁净能源技术是国家能源结构变革的关键,要大力发展煤炭、石油、天然气和非常规油气融合转化利用新路线和新技术,实现化石资源清洁高效转化利用;突破可再生能源规模利用能源转化及综合利用等关键技术,实现可再生能源大规模洁净利用;要大力布局先进核聚变和核裂变的技术研究,实现化石能源、可再生能源和核能互补,构成中国能源未     

破解深部煤炭开采重大科技难题的思考与建议

 煤炭长期以来是我国主要能源。未来一段时期内,随着新能源和可再生能源开发利用技术的进步,我国能源结构向清洁和优质化方向发展,煤炭的发展方向是安全绿色开采和清洁高效利用。     

钻获干热岩体 推进地热发电

<正>我国传统化石能源中,煤、石油、天然气的使用年限不超过100年,同时以传统的化石能源作为主要能源供给模式所引发的环境问题愈发显现。因此,转变能源结构,大力发展清洁可再生能源是经济社会稳定发展的必然需求。据《世界能源中国展望》显示,到2020年能源供需缺口将达到7.39亿吨标准煤。在传统化石能源供给减少的情况下,届时将有每年约10~15亿吨的标煤需要通过非化石能源来提供。2014年6月,国家主席习近平主持召开中央财经领导小组第六次会议,在会上提出面对能源供需格局新变化、国际能源发展新趋势,     

废弃矿井资源综合开发利用助力实现"碳达峰、碳中和"目标

中国能源结构"缺气、少油、相对富煤"的基本特征,决定了煤炭在保障国家安全、推动经济社会高质量发展中的重要支撑作用.2020年,中国煤炭占一次能源消费比重56.7％,原油、天然气对外依存度分别达73％、43％.中国工程院预测:2050年中国煤炭占一次能源消费比例还将保持在50％左右,2050年以前,以煤炭为主导的能源结构难以改变.煤炭仍将长期在能源体系中发挥稳定器和压舱石功能,承担能源安全"兜底"使命.同时,应对全球气候与生态环境变化,服务"碳达峰、碳中和"目标达成,煤炭工业也承担着加强废弃矿井资源综合开发利用、服务经济社会全面绿色转型的重要使命任务.习近平总书记强调,中国煤炭资源丰富,在发展新能源、可再生能源的同时,还要做好煤炭这篇文章,为综合开发利用废弃矿井资源、推进煤炭工业高质量发展提供了根本遵循.     

我国煤层气开发利用的科学思考与对策

 煤炭在今后较长时期内仍是我国主导能源。2010年,我国煤炭产量32.5亿吨,占世界煤炭总产量的45%左右,我国煤炭资源丰富,埋深浅于2000米的煤炭资源总量约5.57万亿吨、煤炭伴生的煤层气资源量约36.8万亿立方米,均居世界第三位。2010年,我国煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)抽采量为91亿立方米,其中,煤矿井下瓦斯抽采量76亿立方米、瓦斯抽采率为36%、利用量为23亿立方米、利用率31.5%。上述指标与美国等发达国家相比差距较大。对煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)的开发既是能源煤炭生产安全保障的需要,同时也是充分发掘能源资源的需要。将其作为清洁能源加以利用,不仅能保证煤矿安全生产,还可以保护环境,降低温室效应。     

广西石山地区能源资源及其综合评价

广西石山地区能源资源种类繁多,主要有常规能源资源:水能、煤炭等;生物质能源:薪柴、带秆、荒草、粪便等;以及新能源资源:沼气、太阳能、地热能、风能等。石山地区水能资源理论蕴藏量达785.43万千瓦,可开发量为627.23万千瓦,占广西啦能瓷源可开发量1420万千瓦的44.2％。截至1985年底,石山地区煤炭探明储量为8.75亿吨,保有储量为7.8亿吨,占广西煤炭保有储量22.5亿吨的34.4％,人均占有80.6吨。1985年石山地区生物质能源资源的产量为1131.03万吨,人均占有量为5724公斤。石山地区新能源如沼气、太阳能等都有一定的开发利用价值。石山地区目前拥有的能源资源总量(不包括新能源)折标煤为4.8544亿吨,人均占有量为50.06吨。其中水电1592万吨,煤炭为4.6397亿吨,秸秆165万吨,薪柴83万吨,荒草154万吨,粪便151万吨。     

论新疆的区位资源优势发展可再生能源

我国作为能源消费大国,以及不可再生能源煤炭、石油、天然气利用有限。发展替代能源也成为我国必须面临的重要问题。新疆的可再生能源资源丰富,通过对新疆可再生能源的开发,同时加大对可再生能源的技术创新,将可再生能源看作是能源战略的组成。     

我国可再生能源战略地位和发展路线图研究

我国经济正处于快速发展时期,对能源的需求将持续增长,能源和环境对可持续发展的约束将越来越严重。发展清洁能源技术、加速本地化清洁资源的开发是必然的选择。可再生能源是环境代价小、发展前景明确、争议较少的技术。我国已经颁布了《可再生能源法》,通过立法的方式,建立起强有力的促进发展可再生能源的政策框架,并发布了指导产业发展的《可再生能源中长期发展规划》以及一系列的管理政策,确定大力开发和利用可再生能源为我国能源发展必然的战略选择。     

微晶硅薄膜研究前景广阔

面对资源有限、能源紧缺的现实,开发新能源和可再生能源成为迫切任务。太阳能是清洁环保的可再生能源,利用半导体器件的光伏效应原理进行光电转换,发展光伏能源被     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.