Förderung der P-Aufnahme von Bohnenpflanzen durch Kinetin

Summary Water culture experiments with 10-day-old plants ofVicia faba were carried out, concerning the influence of kinetin on the uptake of phosphorus (³²P) by the roots. When kinetin was applied to the leaves, the phosphorus uptake of the roots and the upper parts of the plants was increased. On the other hand, when kinetin was added to the nutrient solution, the phosphorus uptake was decreased.     

Förderung der gastrointestinalen Resorption von Heparin durch Calciumbindungsmittel

Summary The gastroenteral absorption of heparin in rats as measured by clearing-factor activation is considerably enhanced by simultaneous administration of a number of calcium-binding substances as ethylendiamine-tetraacetate, sodium citrate, ion-exchangers, soaps and phosphates.Single oral administrations of heparin at the very high dose of 2 g/kg also lead to a maximum activity of the clearing factor.A binding of calcium ions seems to enable the intestinal absorption of heparin in all these cases.     

Produktion von leukozytenemigrationsfördernden Stoffen durch grampositive Keimein vitro

Summary Streptococcus pyogenes haemolyticus grown in glucose broth is capable of producing or liberating a heat-stable factor of high molecular weight which stimulates the emigration of leucocytesin vitro, only if certain animal organs are present.     

Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung aus Arbeitsbeschaffungskrediten

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Hydrobiologische Anstalt Plön der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Löslichkeitserhöhung von Sulfonamiden durch Pektin

Summary The addition of pectin increases the water solubility of different sulfonamide compounds and salicylic acid. It should be emphasized that this effect is not only observed with the acid pectin but also with neutral sodium pectinate.     

Mutationsauslösung beiDrosophila durch Äthylurethan

Summary Injection of sublethal doses of ethylurethane intoDrosophila melanogaster males increases the mutation rate for sex-linked lethals up to about 3.4%, as compared with 0.6% in the controls. In addition, several recessive and dominant visible mutations were obtained in the urethane series, while none were found in the control series. Up to the present there is no evidence for an induction of specific mutations by ethylurethane.     

Leukozytenemigrationsfördernde Wirkung durch Leukozytenschädigung

Summary Leukocytic cells after slight damage produce stimulation of migration of other normal leucocytes; normal leukocytes inhibit to some extent migration of other normal leukocytes, killed leukocytes have no effect. The significance of this result is, that secondary accumulation of leukocytes with not primary chemotactic substances may be explained by the interaction of damaged leukocytes.     

Die Schädigung des Zellkerns durch Röntgenbestrahlung

Summary X-ray induced aberrations of the cell nucleus are reviewed and classified as the so-called primary and secondary effects. The primary effects occur when actually dividing nuclei are irradiated and consist of retardation of the nucleus- and cell-divisions; of a change in the surface of chromosomes and chromatidia (stickiness, pyknosis); of anomalies in the chromosome spindles and the chromatidia; and of a change in the staining reaction of the nuclei. The secondary effects occur when resting nuclei are irradiated and are manifested by fragmentation (breaking of chromosomes) and restitution (healing of broken ends). Various types of restitution are discussed in detail. A survey is given concerning the quantitative analysis of fragmentation and restitution. Three different hypotheses of X-ray induced aberrations are briefly mentioned: The original Hit-Hypothesis ofLea, the author's own modified hypothesis of this, and the chemical hypothesis (disturbance of nucleic acid metabolism) ofDarlington.     

Mutationsauslösung durch Putrescin-Hydrochlorid und Kaltextrakt aus überaltertenOenotherasamen

Summary 1.5% Putrescine-dichlorhydrate and an extract of 10-years old seeds ofOenothera are mutagenic substances, when tested by counting the chromosome mutations—especially translocations and fragmentations—in the meiosis ofOenothera Hookeri × franciscana and ofPaeonia tenuifolia. The percentage of mutations induced by putrescine is much higher than the value obtained by applying ethyl-urethane in the same manner; the extract of aged seeds given toPaeonia tenuifolia by injection into the buds induces fewer chromosome mutations than ethyl-urethane.     

Zum Mechanismus der Immuncytolyse durch heterologe Antikörper und Komplement

Summary Heterologous antibodies of the Ehrlich ascites tumor, in the presence of complement, cause a rapid drop of the ATP in the cells of this tumor. Probably there is a relation between this effect and the immune cytolysis.

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FräuleinMarianne Kaestner und FrauChrista Duba danke ich für ihre gewissenhafte Mitarbeit. Die Untersuchungen wurden 1957–1959 am Max-Planck-Institut für Virusforschung in Tübingen und am Pathologischen Institut der Universität München, zum Teil mit Mitteln der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, durchgeführt.     

Senkung der Körpertemperatur bei Mäusen durch Librium

Summary Librium Roche decreases the body temperature of mice in proportion to the dose given.     

Die thermodynamischen Grössen der Aktivierung der Phosphationenaufnahme durch Gerstenwurzeln

Summary From experiments on the uptake of phosphorus by excised barley roots, the temperature function of the rate-constant of this uptake reaction was determined and the enthalpy, free enthalpy and entropy of activation were calculated.     

Weitere Untersuchungen zur Induktion von Keimblattveränderungen durch Röntgenstrahlen

Summary A previous experiment withEranthis showed thatRoentgen irradiation of undivided embryos led to a change in the number of cotyledons. In the present publication, the induction of anomalies of the cotyledon was shown after irradiation of early embryo stages on the mother plant in Arabidopsis thaliana, an example of a plant with complete embryos.Which aberration type (synkotyl, anisokotyl, trikotyl, tetrakotyl or multiple seedlings) will arise, seems to be determined neither by theRoentgen dose nor by the stage of development on irradiation. The appearance of predominately regular trikotyl types after application of 2000r, and their gradual disappearance with increasing doses in favour of the irregular trikotyl types, suggests that in the lower doses the main influences are upon the purely chemical reactions in the embryos, which are overlaid by cell damages occurring in a directly biophysical way with increase of the physical primary acts and lead to irregular growth.

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Die Arbeit wurde mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft durchgeführt.     

Methaemoglobinbildung durch Röntgenstrahlen in normalen und katalasefreien Erythrocyten des Menschen

Summary Methaemoglobin-formation in irradiated human red cells largely depends on catalase activity in either phase of the system. The formation rate is low in normal, but high in acatalatic cells. The latter rate can be lowered to normal by adding 0.1 /ml catalase to the suspending medium.     

Störung der Atemmotorik durch Parasympathicomimetica,verglichen mit der Wirkung von Reizstoffen Reizstoffen

Summary In experiments on mice, it was found, that the peculiar disturbance of respiratory movements which was demonstrated formerly as the effect of injected reflexogenic irritants (Veratrin, Veratrum-alcaloids, Andromedotoxin etc.), as well as of airborne irritant gases, can also be produced by suitable doses of parasympathicomimetic bronchoconstrictors (Prostigmin, Mestinon, Paraoxon, Parathion, Physostigmin). This confirms the explanation of the phenomenon formerly given by the authors as a reflex reaction initiated by a brief bronchoconstriction.     

Über die Änderung der Hydrolyse von Tetrachlorkohlenstoff durch Röntgenstrahlen bei Zugabe von Alkohol

Summary Hydrolysis of carbon tetrachloride in aqueous solutions by X-rays is changed quantitatively and qualitatively when alcohol is added to the solutions. This change is conform with a new theory of the actions of radiations published recently by one of the authors.     

Freisetzung von Brenzcatechinaminen aus der isoliert durchströmten Nebenniere durch Tyramin und β-Phenyläthylamin

Summary 1. When fresh cattle adrenals are perfusedin vitro with Tyrode's solution at 37°C, a spontaneous release of catechol amines takes place. This release is enhanced by the injection of tyramine or -phenylethylamine. 2. In agreement with earlier observations on isolated medullary granules, -phenylethylamine is more active than tyramine: 16 µM of -phenylethylamine, 66 µM of tyramine, and 0.03 µM of acetylcholine release almost equal amounts of catechol amines.

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Forschungs-Stipendiat der Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung.

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Ausgeführt mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.