Leukozytenemigrationsfördernde Wirkung von Crotonöl

Summary Various croton oil fractions were studied with regard to theirin vitro effect on leucocytes and their irritative action. It was discovered that there exist fractions exerting a stimulating effect on leucytic migration and an irritative action and other fractions having a leucocytic stimulating effect without pronounced irritative action. The co-carcinogenic fractions ofDanneel have no promotory effect on the migration of leucocytes.     

Zur Theorie des Föhns

Ohne ZusammenfassungOlten, den 9. November 1947.     

Erhöhung der Körpertemperatur vonPeriplaneta americana L. im Verlauf zweier Bakteriosen

Summary It is shown that two bacterial diseases ofPeriplaneta americana are accompanied by a significant increase of body temperature of the insect.     

Nachweis von organspezifischen Antikörpern

Summary Using a new nephelometric method, species-specific and organ-specific antibodies have been demonstrated. By means of the absorption technic organ-specific components of species-specific antibodies of high specificity have been determined in the serum of rabbits sensitized with various rat organs (heart, liver, kidney, tumor).

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Die Arbeit wurde mit Hilfe des Schweizerischen Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung durchgeführt.     

Hachweis von individualspezifischen Gewebsantikörpern

Summary Injection of homologous tissue or tissue extracts and homologous transplantation of skin in rabbits provoke the production of antibodies. By means of a new nephelometric method, acquired antibodies against homologous tissue circulating in the serum were found. This tissue-antibody seems to be an individual-specific one, reacting with all organs of the donor. The antibody is thermolabile and not dialysable.

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Die Arbeit wurde mit Hilfe des Schweizerischen Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung durchgeführt.     

Zur Charakterisierung der Siebröhren-Kallose

Summary Callose of sieve plates from the phloem ofVitis vinifera is characterized by a high density of 1.62 and a refraction index of 1.532±0.002. The X-ray diffraction pattern yields 5 diffuse rings, the strongest of which indicates a periodicity of 15.5 Å.     

Soziale Verhaltensweisen bei hörenden und gehörlosen Dompfaffen (Pyrrhula pyrrhula L.)

Summary The behaviour of bullfinches (Pyrrhula) after removal of the cochlea is studied. The influence of acoustical and optical stimuli upon the social contacts is compared. Parts of the social behaviour are controlled mainly acoustically, e.g. the attraction of a single bird by a calling fellow. Also the final raising of young birds is not possible without acoustical contacts between parents and offspring. The formation of pairs, however, nest-building, laying of fertilized eggs, and breeding are performed normally by birds without hearing. Also the social order within a group of bullfinches regulates itself without acoustical perception by its members. The alarming behaviour seems to be transferred within a group by optical signals.     

Vergleichende röntgenhistoradiographische und interferenzmikroskopische Trockengewichts-bestimmungen

Summary Quantitative roentgen-histo-radiographic dry-weight determinations were made without a reference system. The results were compared to readings which had been obtained by the interference microscope. The readings from both methods correspond. The results show the range of error for both methods. It is remarkable that roentgenhisto-radiographic dry-weight determinations were made without using a reference system, once the dry-weight equivalent had been established.

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Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Zur Abhängigkeit der Aktivierungsenergie der Gewebsatmung bei Säugetieren von der Körpergrösse

Summary (1) The activation energy of the liver respiration in an interval of temperature between 17.5 and 37.5°C was determined in mice, rats, and guinea pigs. (2) A systematic decrease with increasing body size was observed.     

Notiz zur Vermehrungsrate der stabilen Bevölkerung

Summary A method for the calculation of the approximate value of the natural rate of increase is presented, when the maternity frequency of females is varied.     

Neue Extremalprobleme über konvexe Rotationskörper

Summary It is shown in this note that every sufficiently elongated conic frustum assumes, if radius of equatorr, lengthl and volumeV of a convex body of revolution are given, largest surfaceF as well as largest integral of mean curvatureM. The conic frustum is the only extremal body. For smalll, the situation is intricated and has not yet been clarified.     

Röntgenographische Kristallinitätsbestimmungen bei Hochpolymeren

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Zur Ermittlung der Farben grösster Buntkraft

Summary In experiments with a sufficiently great number of observers, using our spectral colour integrator, it has been shown thatone colour containing a maximum of chromatic power (chroma) can be chosen out of a series of optimal colours continuously changeable from white over the fullcolour to black. The determination of such maximal colours, differing in hue, shows their position between fullcolour and spectral colour in the mixing metric colour solid. Their relation to maximal properties of scalemetrically defined chromatic power functions is discussed.     

Die Regelung der Strömungsrichtung des Blutes

Summary Within the animal kingdom, two kinds of circulatory systems can be distinguished: those in which the circulation of the blood is seemingly congeneric in both directions, and those in which it flows, if not constantly at least chiefly, in one direction. In the latter case, all those factors must influence it which regulate the direction of the flow. They may be divided into active and passive factors. The active factors are the intervention of muscle fibres, while the passive factors are the arrangement of the heart as regards fore- and after-portions as well as the formation of the valves. By the interference of active or combined mechanisms the blood may be periodically hindered from circulating, sometimes even stopped for a longer period, a process which is of the utmost importance for the distribution of the blood in the organism. The higher the species ranks in the animal kingdom, the more complicated are the ways in which this can take place.From these facts, a general law can be established: if a circulatory system is built symmetrically, the circulation of blood in it can go in both directions, as is the case with various worms and tunicata. In the case of asymmetry in the arrangement, the flow will be especially in one direction.     

Leukozytenemigrationsfördernde Wirkung durch Leukozytenschädigung

Summary Leukocytic cells after slight damage produce stimulation of migration of other normal leucocytes; normal leukocytes inhibit to some extent migration of other normal leukocytes, killed leukocytes have no effect. The significance of this result is, that secondary accumulation of leukocytes with not primary chemotactic substances may be explained by the interaction of damaged leukocytes.     

Über den Phytoöstrogengehalt einiger Pflanzen

Summary The quantity of phyto-estrogens in red clover, hop, peas, and cabbage was estimated by titration on castrated female rats and infantile mice. The level of phytoestrogens was as follows: in hop 1050–2000/kg, in peas 4–6/kg, in cabbage 24/kg, and in red clover 6–9/kg. The author supposes that the sexual disorders described byRosenberger ¹⁴ in cows fed with cabbage, can be explained by the presence of phyto-estrogens in this plant.     

Der Nachweis praecipitierender Casein-Antikörper im Agar

Summary It is possible to demonstrate antibodies against casein in the serum by the Ouchterlony technique. It is a simple technique and needs only a small amount of serum. In a few cases we could demonstrate antibodies against casein in sera, in which the hemagglutination-technique did not show positive results. In some cases, however, sera which were positive in hemagglutination-tests gave negative results by the Ouchterlony technique. The possibility is discussed that by the two techniques different kinds of casein-antibodies can be detected.

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Für die Durchführung der serologischen Untersuchungen sind wir FräuleinChristine Dyballa und FräuleinIrene v. Schweinichen zu grossem Dank verpflichtet.     

Förderung der P-Aufnahme von Bohnenpflanzen durch Kinetin

Summary Water culture experiments with 10-day-old plants ofVicia faba were carried out, concerning the influence of kinetin on the uptake of phosphorus (³²P) by the roots. When kinetin was applied to the leaves, the phosphorus uptake of the roots and the upper parts of the plants was increased. On the other hand, when kinetin was added to the nutrient solution, the phosphorus uptake was decreased.     

Über das Hauptproblem bei konvexen Rotationskörpern

Summary It is shown that over the distance 0X8/² in the diagram, there is a region which is free from picture points («Bildpunkten») of the convex rotation bodies. This assertion is based on two different groupings of the convex rotation bodies into troops, namely at constant lengthl and constant radius of the equatorr, and at constantl and constant length of the resulting meridial curveL. From this, new relations like between the measurements of the convex rotation bodies follow.