涡流室内气体流动的三维数值模拟

利用开发的ＥｎｇｉｎｅＣＦＤ－Ⅱ程度,对Ｓ１１００涡流室式柴油机压缩过程的气流运动进行了三维数值模拟,论述了不同坐标系对网格划分和计算结果的影响,详细分析了真角坐标系下复杂边界的处理方法,给出三维模拟的计算结果,找出了涡流室内气体运动的真实过程和运动规律：在整个压缩过程中,涡流室内不存在刚体涡流,其窝心是在不断变化的,涡心位置的变化脐主涡流运动和由主燃室经通道“压入”涡流室内的“射流”运动的综合结     

涡流室式紊流燃烧柴油机中涡流室的流场特性

通过FLUENT动网格技术模拟涡流室式紊流燃烧柴油机在活塞从下止点运动到曲轴转角为2°的喷油时刻缸内气体的流动特性,得出涡流室和气缸内气体的流场矢量图、湍流变化图、压强变化图和温度变化图。研究结果表明:活塞从下止点运动开始,气缸内空气被活塞压缩进入涡流室中,并在涡流室内部形成涡流;随着压缩的不断进行,涡流室内气流运动速度逐渐增加,并且流场逐渐由紊流变化成为涡流,室内压强和温度也逐渐升高,至曲轴转角为2°的喷油时刻,喷油孔附近空气流速约为24.1 m/s,压强约为2.3 MPa,温度约为845 K,在此状态下能较好地满足机内柴油的混合及燃烧需要。     

起动孔对涡流室柴油机影响的数值模拟研究

应用数值模拟方法，对吊钟型涡流室柴油机的起动扎进行研究，分析对比了起动工况下有、无起动扎对涡流室内流场及燃油喷雾过程的影响．起动扎的开设，对整个涡流室内的主涡流形态影响不大，而对燃油喷雾过程则起促进作用，从而改善了涡流室柴油 机的冷起动性能．     

基于CFD双通道涡流室式柴油机缸内气体流动模拟研究

以BH175F1柴油机涡流室系统为研究对象,将镶块单通道改进为双通道结构,考虑启动孔,基于计算流体力学技术(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)对单通道涡流室系统和双通道涡流系统从进气门关闭时刻到上止点时刻缸内气体流场特性进行数值模拟,得到单通道与双通道涡流室系统缸内速度矢量图和压力云图。研究表明:随着曲轴转角从588°CA到720°CA,气体逐渐被挤压进涡流室,单通道涡流室与双通道涡流室内形成相似涡流,单通道涡流室内平均气体流速较大,双通道涡流室内涡流流速分布较为均匀。初期缸内压力大于涡流室内压力,涡流室内逐渐形成涡流,涡核区域压力最低,近壁面区域压力较高,其中涡流室内气流运动拐角处压力最大,单通道涡流室内压力最大达到4.43MPa,双通道涡流室内压力最大达到4.42MP。     

涡流室式柴油机燃烧室的改进设计对燃烧过程的影响

介绍把一台单缸涡流室式柴油机涡流室镶块直连接通道改为变角度连接通道，活塞顶双“ｗ”坑主燃烧室改为腰鼓形双“ｗ”坑主燃烧室的研究过程，主要内容包括在稳流试验台上测量通道改进前后的流量系数，倒拖试验台上用热线风速仪测量改进前后燃烧室中的气流运动状况，详细分析研究了变角度连接通道的气动喷射特性和燃烧室改进对柴油机燃烧过程、燃油经济性及排放的影响。     

双通道涡流室式柴油机不同主燃烧室结构参数流场分析

本文以BH175F-1的双通道涡流室燃烧系统为研究对象。研究了双通道涡流室燃烧系统的缸内气体运动,并且通过改变ω主燃烧室的结构参数来研究不同主燃烧室结构参数对双通道涡流室式柴油机的缸内气体运动的影响。对比分析压缩上止点后主燃烧室的流场表明:适当的增加导流槽的角度可以改善主燃烧室的缸内运动,但是导流槽角度过大会使缸内气体运动恶化;在ATDC 20°CA(压缩上止点后20°)、ATDC 30°CA时,S1(主燃烧室阀坑深度2.5 mm)、S2(主燃烧室阀坑深度3.5 mm)在进排气阀坑形成完整的旋转涡流,涡核中心与进排气阀坑的几何中心重合。S1在对应的主燃烧室位置上气体运动速度较S2大。减小主燃烧室的深度有利于组织缸内二次涡流;W1(主燃烧室阀坑向进气阀坑一侧偏移1 mm)、W2(主燃烧室阀坑向进气阀坑一侧偏移1.5 mm)、W3(主燃烧室阀坑向进气阀坑一侧偏移2 mm)在阀坑形成较完整的二次涡流。从涡流的组织和气体运动速度分布可以看出,W2较W1、W3的缸内运动较好且分布区域较广。     

涡流室结构参数对小管径涡流管制冷性能影响的三维数值模拟

为提高小管径涡流管的制冷效率,以产生高速涡流和发生工质分离的涡流室为对象,分析了涡流室内工质分区域流动和组合涡流动的特点,并利用standard k-ε湍流模型实现了涡流室内工质的流动过程仿真.通过分析涡流室内工质速度场、温度场和压力场的变化情况,阐明了涡流室内工质分区域流动和组合涡流动的原因,以及这一流动形式与涡流管制冷性能的关系.在此基础上,讨论了涡流室结构参数对制冷性能的影响.其结果表明,为获得较低制冷温度和较高制冷效率,涡流室直径应取1.5~2倍的热端管管径,涡流室高度为1/6.67~1/5.71倍的热端管管径,同时流道喉部截面宽度应使涡流室最小进气面积为热端管横截面面积0.233倍.     

涡流室式柴油机起动孔的作用机理

本文对涡流室式柴油机主副室温差进行了热力学分析;对燃油喷束与横向空气流的相互作用作了简化计算;并对定容压力室内喷束穿过不同结构起动孔时的扩展形态进行了高速摄影.上述研究证实在起动转速下,燃油穿过起动孔进入温度较高的主室,从而改善了涡流室式柴油机的起动性能.研究还发现,好的起动孔具有使燃油经历二次雾化的性能.     

二级轻气炮发射过程数学模型和计算方法

建立起模拟二级轻气炮发射过程的数值方法.运用经典内弹道学理论描述药室内火药燃烧状况和活塞运动过程,可压缩流体一维变截面非定常无粘流动数学模型描述轻气室内气体流动状态和弹丸运动过程,并通过活塞运动状态将两者耦合到一起,建立起二级轻气炮发射过程的数学模型.运用经典Runge-Kutta方法求解药室方程,二阶MacCormack格式和Harten二阶TVD格式求解轻气室方程,通过两部分计算的交替进行,实现了二级轻气炮发射过程的数值模拟.分析不同差分格式对计算结果的影响,MacCormack格式具有较高的整体计算精度,而TVD格式可以更好地捕捉流场中的激波.     

旋流强度对气/雾两相传热传质的影响

为进一步提高发动机排气集水箱对高温烟气的降温性能,研究了旋流强度对高温烟气与冷却水雾两相流传热传质的影响．利用欧拉 拉格朗日方法和离散相模型对集水箱内横流喷雾冷却过程进行了三维数值模拟．对排气集水箱涡流室某一截面处的气流旋流数进行了理论推导,并将得到的旋流数解析解与数值解进行了比较．结果表明：集水箱涡流室内的旋流是强旋流动,理论解析解与数值解基本吻合;在集水箱排气室形成了一道“屏障”,在其上游区域内雾滴的有效运动行程比其下游区域内雾滴的有效运动行程长;提高烟气旋流强度,可增强两相掺混,延长液滴有效运动行程和蒸发时间;应使水雾雾滴进入烟气流场的初始位置位于“屏障”上游区域,以提高喷雾冷却效果．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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