辽宁老秃顶子南坡植物生活型谱及其海拔变化

基于研究区植物名录和野外样线调查统计数据,采用Raunkiaer生活型分类系统,对辽宁老秃顶子南坡植物生活型谱及其随海拔高度的变化特征进行分析研究．结果表明：（1）老秃顶子南坡植物生活型组成以地面芽植物为主,占40．8％;其次是高位芽植物和1年生植物,分别占21．8％和21．5％,隐芽植物也较多,占14．5％,地上芽植物很少,仅占1．4％．该生活型谱总体上反映了本区夏季温暖多雨、冬季寒冷且漫长的气候特点;（2）老秃顶子南坡植物群落的生活型谱随海拔高度的变化特征为：山麓～海拔1180m,随着海拔的升高,群落中中型高位芽植物比例明显增大,而地面芽植物比例明显减小;海拔1180m～山顶,随着海拔的升高,群落中中型高位芽植物比例明显减小,小型高位芽植物比例明显增大,至山顶高位芽植物基本消失,而地面芽植物比例则由9．1％显著增加到山顶的76．3％．     

河南山地针叶林植物生活型谱的研究

利用样方法调查了河南山地针叶林的植物组成 ,分析了不同针叶林的植物生活型组成 ,绘制出不同针叶林的植物生活型图谱。结果表明 :河南针叶林植物生活型谱符合暖温带植物生活型的基本特点 ,即地面芽植物占优势。植物生活型与环境条件密切联系 ,与群落类型似无相关。     

胶东沿海砂生植被基本特征及主要建群种空间分布格局的研究

沿海砂生植被是由一些砂生植物和耐水和抗干旱的植物组成，主要特点是种类组成简单、群落类型较少，植物的生活型为地下芽植物和一年生植物占优势，主要群落可划分10个群落。构成生态系统初级生产者的植物群落的关键种的分布格局，反应了群落的时空分布格局与群落对砂生栖息地的适应，并在一定程度揭示了生物群落在时间尺度上的演替过程。砂生植物群落是构成沿海特殊景观的主要组成部分，对沙和海岸的可持续发展发挥着独特的作用，合理利用和保护对于该类植被和植物资源具有重要的意义。     

广西特有种肥牛树群落特征研究

通过植物社会学的群落调查和统计分析方法,研究了广西特有种肥牛树群落的科属组成、植物地理区系分布、生活型谱、叶级谱、群落结构等群落特征.结果表明:在样地中共有维管束植物36科55属61种;肥牛树群落的种子植物属的地理区系分布类型有8种,以热带区域的分布类型为主,具有强烈的热带性特征;群落中的植物以高位芽的生活型为主,尤其是中高位芽生活型种类最多;群落中植物的叶的特征是以革质、单叶、中型叶为主;群落分层明显,可划分为乔木层、灌木层、草本层,肥牛树在整个群落的乔木层中占绝对优势.肥牛树群落的基本特征体现了该地区群落的气候和水热条件相适应的特点.     

关于植物群落特征范畴的讨论

<正> 0 引言植物群落是指一定地段上的某种植物群的组合,它具有一定的种类组成、外貌、结构和生产量,并在植物之间及植物与环境之间,构成一定的生态关系。因此,从系统的角度看,对群落的研究应从群落的分布与生境、群落的特征、群落的外貌、结构、群落的生态、群落的动态、群落的分类等方面进行。关于这一点,大家的观点几乎都是同一的。然而,对于群     

哈泥国家级自然保护区植物群落特征

通过调查哈泥国家级自然保护区植物群落,研究该地区不同演替阶段植物群落的类型、物种组成、生活型谱及物种多样性变化.结果表明:该地区群落按演替过程可划分为草地、灌丛、落叶松林、杨桦林、春榆水曲柳林、胡桃楸林、椴树槭树林、阔叶红松林、云冷杉林等9种群落类型;有维管束植物205种,分属68科142属,其中蕨类植物6科6属8种,裸子植物3科7属8种,被子植物59科129属189种;优势生活型主要以高位芽植物和地面芽植物为主;各演替阶段植物群落生物多样性变化明显,随着演替的进展,草本植物多样性有逐渐增加的趋势,乔木植物呈现先增加后减少的趋势,灌木植物从草本植物群落阶段到灌丛植物群落阶段多样性有明显减少的趋势,而后随着演替的进展,呈现先增加再逐渐减少的趋势,后期变化幅度不大.     

淀山湖水生维管束植物群落的生物量及其季节变化

据１９９１年８月～１９９２年１２月对淀山湖水生维管束植物群落生物量的调查研究揭示：（１）群落单位面积生物量大小顺序为：挺水植物群落＞沉水植物群落＞浮叶植物群落＞漂浮植物群落；若以全湖总生物量计，沉水植物群落＞挺水植物群落＞漂浮植物群落＞浮叶植物群落。（２）不同生活型的水生植物，其生物量占群落比例随水深、群落类型而改变。（３）群落生物量随生长季推移逐渐增加，只是不同群落的生物量及其最大值的出现期各不相同。（４）沉水植物群落生物量的垂直分布可分为三种类型。（５）沉水植物根的生长依赖于底质和其生活史，大多数沉水植物的根仅占其总生物量的８％以下。     

天山森林生态系统树生地衣群落数量分类研究

地衣是山低等植物中的藻类与菌类中的真菌共生而成的一群特殊的植物．由于耐寒耐旱对生活中的养分要求不高，在养纷贫瘠，环境恶劣的高山寒漠，平原，戈壁和沙漠中地衣都能生长，因而广泛地分布和生长在不同的生态环境中．本文应用多元分析中的主分量分析及聚类分析方法，对分布在天山森林生态系统中树生地衣植物群落，进行数量分类并对群落结构物种多样性，相似性和均匀度等群落参数进行了比较系统的研究．     

重庆涪陵磨盘沟桫椤群落特征的初步研究

对重庆涪陵区磨盘沟桫椤群落进行调查研究．其结果如下：该群落种类组成丰富，种群生活型谱以高位芽植物占优势，植物的区系组成反映了明显的亚热带植被的地理分布特点，群落垂直结构分层明显，水平结构差异较大．因此，应建立桫椤自然保护区，开展就地保护和科学研究．     

宝天曼自然保护区栎类天然次生林群落结构分析

对宝天曼自然保护区栎类天然次生林群落的生活型谱、种类组成、垂直结构和水平结构进行了初步分析,并由此进一步推测:该地区植物群落垂直分布较明显;群落中高位芽植物最多,占61.6%;栓皮栎和锐齿栎在群落中正处于优势地位.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with