溶胶-凝胶法制备FePt纳米颗粒及其性质研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了L10相FePt纳米颗粒,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等测试手段对所制备的样品进行了结构和磁性表征.XRD及TEM分析表明,700℃所制备的FePt纳米颗粒为面心四方(FCT)结构,颗粒形状为球形且分散性较好,晶粒尺寸约为12 nm.磁性测试结果表明,L10相的FePt纳米颗粒室温下具有铁磁性,其矫顽力为1 887 Oe.     

Au掺杂对L1_0相FePt纳米颗粒的结构和磁性的影响

利用溶胶—凝胶法制备了(FePt)100-x Au x(x=0%,5%,10%,20%)纳米颗粒,并且研究了不同含量的Au对FePt纳米颗粒磁性和结构的影响.实验发现,添加Au可以有效降低FePt合金从无序相到有序相的相转变温度,增加L10相FePt颗粒的有序化程度,并且会增加FePt颗粒的晶粒尺寸.磁性测试结果表明,在600℃时,掺杂Au后(FePt)90Au10样品的矫顽力可以达到9 585 Oe,比不添加时的5 250 Oe提高了很多,这可能是由于掺杂Au使FePt的有序化程度增加,并且使颗粒的尺寸增大.     

FePt/Co纳米复合颗粒的制备及微观结构的研究

纳米双相复合磁体是永磁材料研究的热门领域,具有L10结构的FePt凭借高的磁晶各向异性、稳定的化学性质、高的矫顽力,成为纳米双相复合中硬磁相的首选。将Fe、Pt的无机金属盐作为前驱体与NaCl进行球磨混合,在还原性气氛环境中进行不同温度的热分解处理,制备分散性较好、颗粒尺寸分布均匀的单相L10-FePt,然后通过热分解软磁相Co的前驱体CoCl2·6H2O,使其均匀包覆在FePt纳米颗粒上,制备出磁性能优良的FePt/Co纳米复合颗粒。振动样品磁强计Lake shore 7410测试表明样品具有优良的磁性能,通过X射线粉末衍射证明成分为FePt、Co,通过透射电镜对样品的形貌进行观测,证明FePt/Co双相复合结构形成。     

强磁场退火对FePt薄膜结构与磁性能的影响

为减少FePt纳米薄膜退火过程中晶粒团聚长大,进行了在外加强磁场条件下的退火实验。对化学法制备的FePt纳米薄膜,经热处理后外加磁场,并使用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、振动样品磁强计表征薄膜的结构、晶粒尺寸和磁性能。实验发现:外加7.96MA.m-1磁场450℃退火,样品即开始有序化相变;外加7.96MA.m-1磁场600℃退火,样品有序度要高于常规退火样品;外加1.59～6.37 MA.m-1磁场550℃退火,样品晶粒明显细化、矫顽力明显提高。因此,强磁场退火能降低FePt薄膜有序化相变温度,提高有序度、细化晶粒和提高矫顽力。     

强磁场退火对FePt薄膜结构与磁性能的影响

为减少FePt纳米薄膜退火过程中晶粒团聚长大,进行了在外加强磁场条件下退火实验。对化学法制备的FePt纳米薄膜,经热处理后外加磁场,并使用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、振动样品磁强计表征薄膜的结构、晶粒尺寸和磁性能。实验发现:外加7.96MA.m-1磁场450℃退火,样品即开始有序化相变;外加7.96MA.m-1磁场600℃退火,样品有序度要高于常规退火样品;外加1.59～6.37MA.m-1磁场550℃退火,样品晶粒明显细化、矫顽力明显提高。因此,强磁场退火能降低FePt薄膜有序化相变温度,提高有序度、细化晶粒和提高矫顽力。     

退火温度对FePt薄膜物性的影响

用直流磁控溅射方法和原位退火工艺在玻璃基片上制备了Fe48Pt52纳米薄膜.研究发现,退火温度对FePt膜的微结构和磁特性有很大的影响,退火可以减小颗粒间的磁相互作用,矫顽力随退火温度的升高先急剧增大后减小,600℃退火处理的FePt样品平行膜面方向的矫顽力略大于垂直方向,分别达到了684.4,580.9 kA/m;650℃退火处理的FePt样品在2个方向上都获得了巨大的矫顽力,最大值达到了986.8 kA/m.     

C覆盖层对FePt纳米薄膜微结构的影响

使用对靶直流磁控溅射和原位退火方法在普通玻璃基底上制备了C/FePt/Fe纳米颗粒薄膜.通过表征分析表明,加入C覆盖层对FePt薄膜的微结构有较大的影响.经过退火处理后C颗粒渗透到磁性层中,起到了隔离磁性颗粒和减弱颗粒间结合能的效果,并且减弱了磁性颗粒间强的交换耦合作用,最终使颗粒和磁畴减小,增加了L10结构的有序程度;样品获得了1 089kA/m的矫顽力.     

Ag/FePt/C薄膜的结构和磁性

采用直流和射频磁控溅射在Si(001)基片上制备Ag/FePt/C薄膜,并将其在不同温度下进行真空热处理,得到了具有高矫顽力的L10-FePt薄膜.利用X射线荧光(XRF)、X射线衍射(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究样品的成分、结构和磁性.结果表明,样品经400℃热处理后发生了无序—有序相转变,以Ag元素为底层可降低有序化温度,添加Ag和C可抑制晶粒生长.随着热处理温度的升高,FePt的晶粒尺寸和矫顽力逐渐增大,经600℃热处理后,样品中FePt的平均晶粒尺寸为14nm,垂直膜面和平行膜面的矫顽力分别为798.16kA/m和762.35kA/m.     

Fe含量对FePt磁性薄膜的微结构和磁特性的影响

用直流磁控溅射方法和原位退火工艺在玻璃基片上制备了FexPt100-x纳米颗粒膜.研究发现,Fe含量对FePt纳米颗粒膜的微结构和磁特性有很大的影响.矫顽力随Fe含量的增加而增大,当x=48时矫顽力Hc达到了1 040 kA/m,样品出现很好的有序化L10结构扫描探针显微镜(SPM)观察结果显示,所有样品具有横跨数个晶粒的粒状磁畴,Fe48Pt52的粗糙度Ra大约0.6 nm.     

FePt颗粒膜反磁化机制

构造了FePt∶Au有序纳米颗粒膜的微结构模型,利用微磁学模拟的方法研究了一系列不同Au含量的FePt∶Au颗粒膜的磁学性质.对比实验数据,分析反磁化过程可知:当反映Au含量的交换作用比例系数β>0.4时,FePt∶Au颗粒膜的矫顽力随β减小而增大,但增幅较小,磁化反转为一致反转;当β<0.3时,随β的减小矫顽力迅速增大,磁化反转一致性降低.分析指出,当FePt磁性颗粒之间间距约为3～4nm时,颗粒间的交换相互作用可以近似为零,磁化反转为非一致反转.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to