矿山地震序列特征分析

以抚顺考虎台矿矿山地震监测、开采、气象、地质等资料为基础,分析了考虎台矿矿山地震活动的时间、频率等序列特征,对矿山地震频率震级分布进行线性回归,得到了logN=a-bM中的参数a和b的时序特征,并总结出了考虎台矿矿山地震活动的一些基本规律。     

基于岩体加卸载响应原理的强矿震危险性预测

以抚顺老虎台矿田为工程背景,采用加卸载响应比理论,开展强矿震预测技术应用研究.研究表明:0≤ML≤0.5矿震在各开采深度作为加卸载响应震级的预测效能均较好,对于阶段峰值震级的平均预测信度为0.72;ML≥1.4矿震作为加卸载响应震级,具有深度尺度效应,响应震级与开采深度成正比,一般小于预测震级0.5～1.0,对于阶段峰值震级的平均预测信度0.60;0.6≤ML<1.4矿震作为加卸载响应震级的随机性较大,分析是两种不同机制矿震混合的结果,不适宜作为加卸载响应震级;开采深度越大,地应力环境强度越高,预测敏感性和效果越好.在阜新煤田和门头沟矿田进行普适性检验,预测信度分别为0.8和0.73.试验结果表明,加卸载响应比理论和方法预测强矿震具有较好的效能和应用前景.     

矿区活动断裂多重分形特征及与动力现象关系

为分析矿区活动断裂分布特征及与动力现象之间的关系,以矿区地貌形态为研究背景,基于地质动力区划活动断裂划分方法,运用多重分形理论对木城涧矿、大安山矿、平顶山十二矿和老虎台矿Ⅴ级活动断裂划分结果进行多重分形计算.研究结果表明:4个矿区断裂体系在较大尺度上都满足标度不变性,空间分布属于多重分形分布,其多重分形谱呈右钩状,广义分形维数D_q与矿山动力现象正相关,特征参数Δf(α)与广义分形维数D_q综合起来能够宏观评估矿区动力环境.建立基于广义分形维数与特征参数的矿区动力环境等级判定准则与评估方法,并实现对以上4个矿区的动力等级评估,为矿山资源开采提前了解区域断裂内在特征及矿区动力环境特征提供宏观指导方向.     

TVLF探水雷达技术在复杂巨厚煤层探测中的应用

为探究复杂巨厚煤层覆岩破坏规律,以抚顺矿区老虎台矿55002工作面所在区域为试验对象,采用TVLF煤矿探水雷达,分别对55002工作面未开采区域与55002工作面已开采区域进行探测,确定55002工作面开采前后覆岩结构变化特征;采用微震监测方法对探测结果进行了验证.结果表明:TVLF探水雷达探测的55002工作面覆岩破坏高度为240 m,这一高度也是此区域油母页岩和绿色页岩的分界面.微震探测的55002工作面回采前6个月覆岩破坏高度为100 m,回采过程中覆岩破坏高度在100~250 m,回采结束后6个月覆岩破坏高度为250 m.探水雷达与微震监测结果一致.确定了覆岩演化过程及其基本特征,确定了55002工作面覆岩和结构变化的主要影响因素,建立了老虎台矿复杂巨厚煤层覆岩破坏高度与55002工作面采高之间的关系,为老虎台矿及类似条件矿井水害的预测及防治工作提供了参考.     

地质动力区划在冲击地压矿井中的应用

为解决和降低冲击地压事故对矿井安全生产带来的危险,以抚顺老虎台矿区为研究对象,对老虎台矿区的活动断裂进行深入的研究.采用地质动力区划的方法,通过应用地形测量图,并且结合卫星照片、地震震源分布图等,查明了老虎台矿区的Ⅰ~Ⅴ级活动断裂,确定了研究区域内的活动断裂,并且划分出了区域内断块结构.由各级活动断裂所划分出的断块结构表明了老虎台矿区现今构造运动的情况.通过现场考察,结合理论计算的方法明确了活动断裂对老虎台矿区冲击地压有较大的影响.同时分析了断裂构造与区域地震的分布以及活动断裂对冲击地压和矿震的影响.     

基于改进广义极值分布的核管道最大腐蚀深度预测

针对核管道腐蚀的环境复杂性和过程随机性问题以及极值分布模型选择不当所引起的拟合误差问题,采用广义极值分布模型预测核管道腐蚀深度的发展规律,并提出基于免疫遗传算法参数优化的核管道最大腐蚀深度预测及评估方法:对核管道取样管段上腐蚀深度进行统计分析,计算相应的累计概率;利用免疫遗传算法优化广义极值分布函数的统计参数,得到核管道最大腐蚀深度的概率分布函数;由小样本腐蚀深度预测整条管道的最大腐蚀深度ydi,并评估超过最大腐蚀深度ydi的概率.利用不同核管道腐蚀深度进行计算机预测仿真.研究结果表明:改进后的广义极值分布模型不会受限于样本极值数据的具体分布,具有较好的通用性,且模型参数寻优过程收敛速度快,拟合效果较理想.     

重车荷载作用的简支梁桥荷载效应极值预测

为了准确预测重车荷载作用的简支梁桥荷载效应极值,充分考虑了过桥重车的随机性特征和不同重车荷载事件出现的概率,基于经典极值理论,提出了不同重车荷载事件的组合广义极值分布(CGEV)极值预测方法,通过数学推导和数值算例证明了该方法的合理性.同时,以一座简支梁桥为工程背景,采用CGEV方法预测简支梁桥在重车荷载作用下的荷载效应极值.研究结果表明:采用CGEV方法预测桥梁的车致荷载效应极值精度较高且工程应用方便,最大预测误差为4%,而传统混合数据的单一广义极值分布(SGEV)的桥梁车致荷载效应极值预测误差最小为36.6%;简支梁桥的车致荷载效应可以基于同时过桥的重车数量划分荷载事件类型,其车致荷载效应极值主要受2辆重车过桥事件控制;为了保证简支梁桥的安全运营,建造时应有适当的安全储备,管养时应结合实际情况对过桥重车采取相应的限载措施.     

抚顺煤田矿震现状及其城市地质环境效应初探

抚顺煤田矿震的平均发震频度达4000次／年，强度急剧增大，已发生ML＝3．7级矿震，研究预测表明最大震级可达4．2级，矿震是由煤田开采引起的，是矿山开采伴生的动力现象，矿震分为断层活动型，顶板活动型和工作面冲击型三种。矿震不会造成地面灾害，但是，矿震与其他潜在地质灾害相互作用具有不溶忽视的危害性。讨论矿震与城市防震，滑坡，区域地质构造活动之间的相互作用。     

基于三维仿真和动态评估的露天矿采剥顺序优化

矿石品位分布无序,导致矿山不同采剥顺序所得经济效益差别很大,为获得优越的矿山排产方案,提出了基于三维仿真和动态评估的露天矿开采顺序优化方法.利用三维仿真技术实现复杂露天矿山矿岩多层次约束的动态开挖,获得每年矿岩采剥量及出矿品位.根据矿山总图布置、采剥位置和发展方式计算矿岩运距,进行矿山设备选型,进而估算矿山基建投资,在矿产品预测售价基础上计算各方案净现值,经比较确定最优开采顺序.以某大型钼矿为例,在矿业软件Surpac中创建了地质块体模型并进行品位估算和价值参数赋值,然后通过矿石售价折扣方式获得系列嵌套境界方案,根据矿山实际条件,借助MineSched软件通过多种约束手段对采剥方案进行排产,运用经济动态评估方法确定了最优采剥方案.     

基于短期资料的重庆风速极值渐进分布分析

为克服统计样本容量（重庆地区1990—1999年间的风速资料）过少可能造成的统计误差,采用了月最大风速来拟合年最大风速的极值渐进分布,并通过3种极值分布函数（极值Ⅰ型Gumbel、极值Ⅱ型Freehet、极值Ⅲ型reverse Weibull分布）及广义Parato分布（GPD）拟合结果的对比分析,得到短期风速资料下重庆年最大风速的极值渐进分布用极值Ⅲ型（reverseWeibull）分布拟合较好,它给出了最佳的极值风速估计值．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~