电磁过滤A1-Si合金熔体中初生富铁相去除效率的理论分析

采用柱塞流及轨线模型建立了电磁过滤水平流动Al-Si合金熔体中初生富铁相的去除效率模型,并进行理论分析.结果表明,初生富铁相的去除效率随着熔体流速(u)和过滤器的高度(2h)降低而增加;随着电磁力(f)、电磁力作用区长度(x)和初生富铁相的粒径(dp)的增加而增加.采用电磁过滤可有效去除Al-Si合金熔体中粒径大于30 μm的初生富铁相,计算结果与水平流动Al-Si合金熔体的电磁过滤实验结果相吻合.该模型可用来设计过滤器的结构和工艺参数的确定,为电磁去除铝合金中的初生富铁相技术的工业应用提供理论基础.     

电磁过滤Al-Si合金熔体中初生富铁相去除效率的理论分析

采用柱塞流及轨线模型建立了电磁过滤水平流动Al-Si合金熔体中初生富铁相的去除效率模型,并进行理论分析.结果表明,初生富铁相的去除效率随着熔体流速(u)和过滤器的高度(2h)降低而增加;随着电磁力(f)、电磁力作用区长度(x)和初生富铁相的粒径(dp)的增加而增加.采用电磁过滤可有效去除Al-Si合金熔体中粒径大于30μm的初生富铁相,计算结果与水平流动Al-Si合金熔体的电磁过滤实验结果相吻合.该模型可用来设计过滤器的结构和工艺参数的确定,为电磁去除铝合金中的初生富铁相技术的工业应用提供理论基础.     

利用超重力富集和分离Sn-3％Fe熔体中的杂质元素铁

在粗锡精炼过程中引入超重力场,运用超重力技术研究Sn-3％Fe(质量分数)熔体中杂质元素铁在超重力场中的定向富集和过滤分离的规律,达到提纯净化粗锡的目的.结果表明,对于超重力场G=500以10℃·min-1冷却速率凝固后的Sn-3％Fe熔体,超重力场极大强化富铁相在粗锡熔体中的沉降运动,使先析出富铁相全部富集到试样的下部区域,上部几乎找不到富铁相颗粒.下部尾锡中的铁质量分数达到4.817％,而上部精锡中的铁质量分数降低到0.036％,精锡中铁的脱除率高达98.78％.在超重力场中过滤的Sn-3％Fe熔体可实现富铁相杂质和精锡液的有效分离,当重力系数大于30时,精锡的回收率随重力系数的增大而提高.在超重力场G=100,240℃条件下,Sn-3％Fe熔体过滤1 min后,精锡液几乎全部被分离到坩埚底部,富铁相杂质被截留在过滤碳毡上部,下部精锡中找不到富铁相杂质的颗粒,精锡中铁质量分数降至0.253％,富铁渣中铁质量分数高达11.528％.精锡中铁的脱除率高达91.44％,超重力场中精锡的回收率高达82.69％.     

电磁过滤Al-Si合金熔体中初生富铁相粒径的研究

经流体力学分析 ,建立了电磁过滤水平流动 Al- Si合金熔体中初生富铁相粒径的数学模型 ,并对电磁过滤器进行了设计 .结果表明 ,当初生富铁相在垂直方向运动的雷诺数 Re<1时 ,去除初生富铁相的粒径 (dp)与熔体流动速度 (u)、过滤器通道高度 ((2 h) 0 .5)成正比 ,与电磁力大小(f)、过滤器长度 (l0 .5)成反比 ;当 1≤ Re<1 0时 ,dp 与 u和 (2 h) 0 .65成正比 ,与 f和 l0 .65成反比 .该模型与实验结果吻合 ,为电磁过滤器的设计和电磁过滤 Al- Si合金熔体中初生富铁相技术工艺参数的确定提供理论依据 .     

铝硅合金中的六角形铁相

研究了亚共晶成分的铝硅合金Al-4%Si-2?-1%Mn中铁相形态与熔体处理的关系,发现六氯气烷精炼强烈促进初生α铁相的产生。在未经精炼处理时,合金微观组织中的铁相基本呈发达的树枝状,只有少量为初生汉字状铁相。用六氯乙烷精炼后,合金的组织中开始出现大量六角形的初生相。这种六角形铁相的形貌受冷却速度的影响较大。在精炼以后对合金长时间保温对该六角形铁相的出现和形态没有影响。由六氯乙烷精炼导致合金中大量六角形初生α铁相出现,可能是六氯乙烷精炼提高了α铁相的形核温度。     

利用磁场分离铝熔体中的富铁相

原铝中含有的铁、硅杂质,主要以枝状的化合物存在·当向铝熔体中加入一定量的锰时,锰与铁、硅、铝生成金属间化合物·该类富铁金属间化合物呈较大的块状或球状颗粒,可用电磁将其分离·利用富铁相与铝熔体导电性差异,可用交变磁场将其分离出来;利用富铁相与铝熔体导磁性差异,可用稳恒磁场将其分离出来·实验结果表明,交变磁场和稳恒磁场可使铝熔体富铁相定向聚集·     

高含铁量铝硅合金中铁相的凝固行为与形貌控制

研究了较高含铁量的铝硅合金中，铁相在不同合金成分，冷却速度以及不同含锰量下的凝固行为和微观组织形貌，对α铁相基于β铁相形核长大的现象进行了分析。并对铁相的形核理论进行了初步的探讨，结果表明，在含铁1．4％（质量分数）的铝硅合金中，加0．7％的锰能使铁以α相的形式凝固，但冷速较高时，不能完全避免针状铁相的出现；锰的加入量增加到1．4％（Fe/Mn=1:1)时，较高冷速下，仍有针状铁相出现，且使初生铁相更加粗大，在同样的铁锰含量下，亚共晶铝硅合金中的初生铁相明显比共晶合金要少，且α铁相在α铝树枝晶中会形成一种细密的树枝晶结构，可以作为基体的强化相，而形核不是影响铁相形成不同晶体结构的主要原因。     

电磁分离技术制备过共晶Al-Si合金自生功能梯度材料

由于初生相与熔体的导电性差异，在通电熔体及外磁场作用下，初生相颗粒在熔体内受到某一方向的合力，从而在熔体中做有规律的运动．因此，适当地控制铸件凝固过程及初生相颗粒的移动速度，使初生相颗粒在铸件中呈现有规律分布，可以获得自生功能梯度材料．对初生相颗粒在熔体内受力及运动情况的分析结果表明：颗粒的大小、形状及浓度对颗粒的运动状态及速度都有很大的影响．用电磁分离技术成功制备了过共晶A1-25Si功能梯度材料试样，从试样一端到另一端初生Si颗粒的含量、尺寸和形状均呈现梯度的变化．     

高频磁场下熔体夹杂迁移行为的研究

本文研究了高频磁场中熔体夹杂的迁移行为,利用感应线圈产生的高频磁场,选取Al-2%Fe、Al-5%Fe合金中的产生的富铁相作为研究对象。颗粒与熔体之间的导电率存在很大的差异,当外加磁场时,产生的电磁力作用于熔体,固相颗粒将向分离器外壁面迁移而除去。通过加入变质剂Mn元素研究其对富铁相形貌的影响,研究表明:在Mn/Fe的摩尔比为1.4～1.5时,针状的富铁相变成了块状或汉字状,减小富铁相再熔体中迁移受到的阻力,使之更利于在熔体中迁移,并进一步探讨了电磁分离过程中各工艺参数对夹杂颗粒迁移行为和实际分离效率的影响。     

熔体预结晶状态对Al-20% Si合金中初生Si相的影响

通过将Al-30%Si高温熔体与已开始结晶的Al-10%Si熔体相混合,并在不同过热条件下凝固,研究过共晶Al-20%Si熔体的预结晶状态对合金凝固组织的影响.结果表明:改变了合金预结晶状态的混合熔体可以获得分布均匀、尺寸小于40μm的初生Si,且过热处理可以进一步细化初生Si相.分析表明,将900℃的Al-30%Si熔体与580℃的Al-10%Si熔体混合可使Al-20%Si混合熔体的温度大幅降低至670℃,远低于两熔体混合前温度的平均值740℃,从而增大了合金液在凝固时的过冷度,细化初生Si相.过热混合熔体时,由于熔体微区仍存在成分和温度的不均匀性,使初生Si尺寸进一步减小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has