评亚历山德拉:男性偏见中站起的女英雄

美国女作家威拉·凯瑟在其代表作<啊,拓荒者!>中,塑造了亚历山德拉这一勤劳睿智独立的西部拓荒女性角色.她通过努力成功地实现了女性的自我价值.本文拟从女性主义观点的角度将亚历山德拉与小说中的其它男性角色进行对比,以分析亚历山德拉这个挑战男性偏见的女性形象.     

从生态女性主义角度解读《啊,拓荒者!》

《啊,拓荒者!》是薇拉.凯瑟著名的＂草原三部曲＂之一。作者以她熟稔的美国西部边疆生活为背景,成功刻画了亚历山德拉的女性形象。本文将通过对小说主要人物亚历山德拉与艾弗、麦丽和卡尔关系的分析,挖掘出文本中所蕴含的凯瑟的生态女性思想。     

壮族传统社会的夫妻角色：《坡芽歌书》解读

坡芽情歌中，男性与女性在对妻子角色的理解上存在分歧：男性期望的妻子角色是智慧而多情、美丽而健康、持家亦耕种、主内而辅外；而女性所认同的妻子角色则是妩媚且懂礼、主内又主外；女性期望的丈夫角色是年轻健壮，富贵帅气；真心相爱、深情厚意；男性所认同的丈夫角色则是珍惜所爱、体贴理解、勤劳独立。总体上，男性心中的妻子角色具有功利的特征，而女性对丈夫的期望则更具情感色彩。     

《情人》:女性的伸张与压抑

女性主义作家要求用女性话语颠覆男性权威话语,重构女性形象,但是在小说《情人》中人们看到传统的道德观念仍在起着作用,男性在某种程度上仍是法权的代表,女性角色虽已摆脱了依附性,可男性社会所组成的巨网仍压抑着、窒息着女性。     

王婆:《生死场》中女性形象的异类

女性的生存状况和她们受男性世界压抑的现实,一直是萧红在作品中所关注最多的。萧红在作品中塑造了众多受男性世界压迫,从而只能生活在暗日下的女性形象。"王婆"是萧红代表作《生死场》中的人物,她也是萧红笔下女性形象中的异类。从王婆作为妻子和母亲这两个人生角色来分析这一形象,可以看到萧红所寄予这个人物的深刻的期望。王婆这个形象在某种程度上体现了萧红对改变女性命运的深深企盼。     

《世说新语》中的女性意识

《世说新语》凸现了魏晋男性士人阶层对女性作用的肯定，说明魏晋士人意识中的女性超越了原定的所谓“社会角色”，男性士人对女性反权威行为的认同体现一种深层次的平权思想，对女性才情的肯定还是魏晋士人阶层尊重妇女的重要表现。     

Gender Differences in Language Use

从社会语言学的角度来讲,男性和女性在英语发音、语调、词汇、句法、交流等方面也有各自明显的特点和不同。这种不同与文化历史背景,男性女性所扮演的社会角色,男性和女性各自的生理和心理特点息息相关。     

女性公务员角色冲突及其调适

近年来女性公务员群体不断壮大,然而,其在现实环境中面临着比男性更多的角色冲突,这在很大程度上影响了她们的职业发展与身心健康。性别与社会角色差异是女性公务员角色冲突的原因所在,因此,应从组织、家庭和个人三个层面进行调适。     

浅谈女性的绘画特征

女性作为生活与社会的多重性角色,特别是作为女性画家,她们有着不同于男性画家的生命情感体验和思维特征,有着不同于男性的色彩和题材的想象力。女性画家的作品有着直接间接的自述话语,洋溢着女性的风采,熔铸着女性的思想。在当今以男性绘画为主流的社会,女性绘画有着不可替代的位置。女性艺术和男性艺术之和才是人类艺术全貌。     

性别视角下的中国科研人员画像

[目的/意义]科研人员群体的性别平衡和多样性有利于提升创新能力,这已成为全球科研界的共识。了解中国男性和女性科研人员的学术表现,一方面可弥补中国大规模科研群体性别差异研究的空白,另一方面可为后续制定性别平衡政策提供定量数据支持。[方法/过程]以16万余名中国科研人员为样本,从学术影响、科研角色和基金资助等维度揭示中国科研领域的性别差异。[结果/结论]与全球多数国家相同,中国男性科研人员在科研产出、国际合作和基金资助等方面表现优于女性。值得注意的是,女性在生命科学和医学领域的表现优于其他领域,尤其是在神经科学和药理学领域,其学术影响力与男性大体相当。在承担科研角色方面,男性更倾向于担任主导角色,女性更多担任执行角色。此外,研究还揭示了在基金申请和职位晋升中存在显著的“泄漏的管道”现象,即女性申请基金的数量随着基金项目申请难度提高而下降,晋级难度随职称等级提高而加大。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has