诺卜乙基醚的氧化反应

由β-蒎烯合成了诺卜醇，再由诺卜醇合成了诺卜乙基醚。用高锰酸钾的碱性溶液氧化诺卜乙基醚，由于产物分离困难，故通过设计的路线得到主要产物的乙醇酯，经MS，IR，^1H NMR和^13C NMR分析后确定其结构为cis-2，2-二甲基-3-(β-乙氧基丙酰基)环丁烷乙酸乙酯。由GC-MS分析确定了8个产物的结构，为2，2-二甲基-3-(β-乙氧基丙酰基)环丁酮、cis-2，2-二甲基-3-(β-乙氧基丙酰基)环丁烷乙酸、3-羟基-cis-2，2-二甲基-3-(β-乙氧基丙酰基)环丁烷乙酸、1-羟基-cis-2，2-二甲基-3-(β-乙氧基丙酰基)环丁烷乙酸、2，3-二羟基诺卜乙基醚、5-羟基-2，3-环氧诺卜乙基醚、1-羟基-2，3-环氧诺卜乙基醚、1，5-二羟基-2，3-环氧诺卜乙基醚。结果表明：碱性高锰酸钾氧化诺卜乙基醚首先生成2，3-二醇，进一步继续氧化断裂得到环丁烷羧酸．或脱水后得到2，3-环氧化合物。     

由α-蒎烯合成一些昆虫保幼激素类似物

由α-蒎烯得到的蒎酮醛、龙脑烯醛、2,2-二甲基-3-乙基环丁基乙醛为起始原料,经Wittig或Wittig-Horner反应合成了昆虫保幼激素类似物4-(2,2-二甲基-3-乙基环丁基)-丁-2-烯酸乙酯(Ⅰ),6-(2,2-二甲基-3-乙基环丁基)-已-2,4-二烯酸乙酯(Ⅱ),6-(2,2-二甲基-3-乙基环丁基)-已-2,4-二烯酸甲酯(Ⅲ),6-(2,2-二甲基-3-乙酰基环丁基)-已-2,4-二烯酸甲酯(Ⅳ),6-(2,2,3-三甲基-环戊-3-烯基)-已-2,4-二烯酸甲酯(Ⅴ),3-甲基-8-(2,2-二甲基-3-乙基环丁基)-辛-2,6-二烯酸乙酯(ⅤⅢ)。它们的结构经红外光谱、1~H核磁共振和元素分析鉴定。     

丙烯热反应机理中1,4-双自由基去路研究

应用密度泛函理论,研究了丙烯在800 K发生热反应产生1,4-双自由基的2条去路:(1)1,4-双自由基闭环形成1,2-二甲基环丁烷;(2)1,4-双自由基经氢迁移产生1,5-双自由基而后闭环形成甲基环戊烷.分析比较产物的生成热可知:生成甲基环戊烷的反应机理更为合理,计算结果与实验一致.     

花梨木挥发油化学成分的分析

采用毛细管气相色谱-质谱(CGC-MS)联用技术对花梨木挥发油的化学成分进行研究,经毛细管气相色谱分离出29个组分,共确认了其中的24种成分,占总油量的96.9%.其主要成分是2,4二甲基-2,4-庚二烯醛、3,7,11-三甲基-1,6,10-十二碳三烯-3-醇、2-蒈烯-4-醇、2-(5-甲基呋喃-2-基)-丙酸乙醛、反式-2-甲基-5-(1-甲基乙烯基)-2-环己烯-1-醇等.     

链霉菌H41-55发酵菌丝体的化学成分

目的:分离鉴定链霉菌属放线菌H41-55发酵菌丝体中化合物结构.方法:运用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶色谱、高效液相色谱等手段对链霉菌属放线菌H41-55发酵菌丝体进行化学成分分离,利用高分辨质谱、核磁等技术鉴定化合物结构.结果:从链霉菌属放线菌H41-55发酵菌丝体分离最终得到15个化合物,确定它们的结构分别是吲哚-3-甲醛(1)、5-羟基-3-(1-羟基-2-甲基丁基)-1-甲基-2 (5H)-呋喃(2)、环-(L-脯氨酰-L-亮氨酰)(3)、6-(3-甲基-2-丁烯基)-3-吲哚乙腈(4)、抗霉素A9 (5)、kitamycin A (6)、泛醌Q9 (7)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(8)、麦角甾-8 (14),22E-二烯-3β,5α,6β,7α-四醇(9)、豆甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6α-三醇(10)、5α,6α-环氧-(22E,24R)-麦角甾-8,22-二烯-3β,7α-二醇(11)、5a,6a-环氧-(22E,24R)-麦角甾-8,22-二烯-3β,7β-二醇(12)、3β,5α,9α-三羟基-(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-6-酮(13)、4,6,8 (14),22-麦角甾四烯-3-酮(14)、(22E,24R)-麦角甾-4,7,22-三烯-3-酮(15).其中化合物8、10、14和15为首次从海洋来源链霉菌属中分离得到.结论:采用MTT法筛选15个化合物的体外抗肿瘤细胞毒活性,发现均具有一定的活性.其中,化合物2、5、6、7和14表现出较好的生长抑制活性,其IC50质量浓度均小于30μg/m L.     

有机硅引发剂的结构对基团转移聚合产物分子量分布的影响

本文报道合成了八个有机硅化合物,均可用作甲基丙烯酸甲酯的基团转移聚合(Group Transfer Polymerization GTP)引发剂,在相同单体、催化剂、溶剂配比和聚合条件下,进行反应,所得产物用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)作了分子量及分量分布的表征,引发剂的结构和活性对产物的分子量和分布宽度均有显着影响,所用引发剂中以1-甲氧基-1-(三甲硅氧基)-2-甲基-1-丙烯和双(乙氧基)-3-甲氧基-3-(三甲硅氧基)-2-甲基-2-丙烯-1-磷酸酯引发剂,所得产物的分子虽分布最窄,分子量的绝对位与理论值相近,分子量与理论值的偏离是随产物分子量分布宽度的增加而增大.     

2-(4-硝基苯氧甲基)-5-芳基-1,3,4-噁二唑的合成与结构表征

以4-硝基苯酚为原料,在无水K2CO3和乙腈的作用下,与氯乙酸乙酯反应制得4-硝基苯氧乙酸乙酯,收率90.1%;再以无水乙醇为溶剂,于80-85 ℃,与w(水合肼)=85%的反应3 h,制得4-硝基苯氧乙酰肼,收率79.7%;然后该化合物以吡啶作缚酸剂,三氯氧磷作酰氯化试剂,室温条件下与苯甲酸反应,制得N,N′-二酰基肼,收率90.6%;最后N,N′-二酰基肼在三氯氧磷作用下,脱水环化合成了最终产物2-(4-硝基苯氧甲基)-5-苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑,收率88.2%.通过IR,1H NMR,13C NMR对上述化合物的结构进行了表征.     

南药巴戟天化学成分

为研究巴戟天药材的化学成分.通过硅胶柱色谱和ODS柱色谱等方法对其分离纯化,根据理化性质和光谱数据进行了结构鉴定.从巴戟天药材的乙醇提取物中分离得到了7个化合物,分别为1, 2-二氧乙烯蒽醌(1)、1, 3-二羟基-2-丁酰基蒽醌(2)、1, 2-二羟基蒽醌(3)、β-谷甾醇(4)、3β, 20 (R),丁基-5-烯基-胆甾醇(5)、3β, 5-烯基螺旋甾(6)、水晶兰苷(7),其中化合物1、2、5、6属于首次从该植物中分离得到.     

12-(4-硝基苯氧甲基)-5-卤代苯-1,3,4-噁二唑的合成与结构表征

以4-硝基苯氧乙酰肼为原料,经N,N′-二酰基肼3,最后脱水环化合成了最终产物2-(4-硝基苯氧甲基)-5-卤代苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑4,收率在90%以上。通过IR、1HNMR对化合物3、4的结构进行了表征。     

一株红树林真菌Alternaria sp.R6固相培养代谢产物研究

研究红树林真菌Alternaria sp.R6固相培养代谢产物,用硅胶和Sephadex LH-20柱层析手段从甲醇提取物分离单体,波谱技术鉴定结构,二倍稀释法测试抗菌活性。分离到(4R,5R)-4,5-二羟基-3-甲氧基-5-甲基-环己-2-烯-1-酮(1),(4R,5S,6R)-4,5,6-三羟基-3-甲氧基-5-甲基-环己-2-烯-1-酮(2),xylariacyclone B(3),(4S,5S,6S)-5,6-环氧-4-羟基-3-甲氧基-5-甲基-环己-2-烯-1-酮(4),LL-C10037α(5),1-羟基-8-(羟甲基)-6-甲氧基-3-甲基-9H-呫吨-9-酮(6),6-甲基-1-甲氧羰基-8-羟基呫吨-9-酮(7),6-羧基-1-甲氧羰基-2,8-二羟基呫吨-9-酮(8),麦角甾醇和过氧化麦角甾醇共10个化合物。化合物1,2,3,4,5,6和8为首次从Alternaria属分离到。化合物6和8对小麦赤霉、香蕉炭疽,化合物2对香蕉炭疽显示良好抗菌活性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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