Relationship between luminescence and matrices in the system Al_2O_3-B_2O_3-C_2O_3

The system Al-2O-3-B-2O-3-Ce-2O-3, with Al/B ratio varying from 4.5 to 2 and Ce/(Al+B)=0.02, has been prepared at the temperature from 1 200 to 1 400℃. Relationship between luminescence and matrices in the system Al-2O-3-B-2O-3-Ce-2O-3 was investigated. It was found that some changes of the matrices occurred with Al/B ratio varying from 4.5 to 2. These results lead to a great change in luminescence properties, indicating variation of Ce-surroundings of crystal field. With the decrease of the ratio from 3 to 2, the excitation and emission peaks shift to shorter wavelengths. It was also found that a new type of rare earth luminescent materials was obtained with appropriate Al/B ratio.     

纳米Al2O3颗粒对Cu-Al2O3性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米Al₂O₃颗粒,通过粉末冶金法制备氧化铝铜（Cu-Al₂O₃）。采用X射线光电子能谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、洛氏硬度仪和涡流计分别测试了Cu-Al₂O₃的结合能、微观组织、硬度和导电率。结果表明：随Al₂O₃颗粒含量的增加,Cu-Al₂O₃的硬度先升高后降低,当Al₂O₃颗粒的质量分数达到0.084%时,Cu-Al₂O₃的硬度达到最大值75.73（HRB）。Cu-Al₂O₃的导电率随着Al₂O₃颗粒含量的增加逐渐下降。Al₂O₃颗粒的质量分数为0.084%时为最佳值,Cu-Al₂O₃的硬度达到最大值,导电率达到69.1% IACS。     

稀土Sm2O3对WCoB-TiC复相陶瓷组织的影响

以WC、TiB₂、Co粉末为基本原料,添加稀土Sm₂O₃为抑制剂,采用真空液相反应烧结技术制备WCoB-TiC复相陶瓷材料,利用XRD、SEM和EDS对其微观形貌和相组成进行表征。结果表明,添加一定量稀土Sm₂O₃后,WCoB-TiC复相陶瓷晶粒细小且分布均匀,晶粒的长大得到抑制;随着稀土Sm₂O₃的过量加入,复相陶瓷中有棒状晶粒出现,晶粒有粗化的趋势。在1400℃下烧结时,当Sm₂O₃添加量为0.3%时,制成的WCoB-TiC复相陶瓷材料密度达到10.01g/cm³,硬度HRA达到 91。     

TiO2微粉对Al2O3-MgO-Cr2O3浇注料性能的影响

马克思的市民社会决定国家理论的形成,经历了一个思想交锋、自我批判、绵延提升直至最终导出唯物史观之创建的逻辑进程。马克思立足于《莱茵报》时期的感性经历,先后运用哲学、历史学和政治经济学的方法和知识对黑格尔理性国家观进行系统的理论清算,纠正了黑格尔的市民社会与国家关系的“历史错位”,首次确立了“社会本体论”原则。市民社会决定国家理论的形成是标志着唯物史观开始诞生的第一命题。分析马克思市民社会决定国家理论的发展脉络和演进逻辑,有利于澄清马克思市民社会理论与唯物史观的内在关联,科学评价市民社会理论在历史唯物主义中的历史地位。     

纳米Fe2O3-Al2O3复合材料的制备

采用溶胶-凝胶表面包覆法制备了纳米Fe₂O₃-Al₂ O₃复合材料, 利用X射线衍射和透射电镜对样品的物相、 粒度和形貌进行了研 究. 结果表明, α-Fe₂O₃掺杂降低了Al₂O₃相变温度, 在900 ℃可以得到稳定的α-Al₂O₃相.     

冲击载荷下氧化铝陶瓷的动态响应实验研究

为研究冲击载荷氧化铝陶瓷的动态响应特性,采用DISAR测试系统,测得了氧化铝陶瓷试件的自由面粒子速度时程曲线. 实验结果表明,在不同的实验条件下,粒子速度时程曲线的上升前沿出现了不同程度的趋缓现象,这说明陶瓷材料在冲击载荷作用下表现出了 "类塑性"的特征. 同时,实验中陶瓷材料的Hugoniot弹性极限存在着随试件厚度增加而衰减的变化规律,这在一定程度上反映了陶瓷材料的动态响应特性.      

单层Al2O3膜在SiO2表面的第一性原理计算研究

通过建立的匹配生长超晶胞模型,研究了Al2O3/SiO2纳米异质薄膜的结构特点和电子结构.通过第一性原理计算,并与单一相的Al2O3薄膜表面进行了对比,讨论了相关的结构变化.通过分析原子位置、键长和键角的改变,研究了这种Al2O3单层膜的电子结构和化学成键.     

MgO对高铝高炉渣脱硫的影响及其动力学分析

随着廉价高铝铁矿石的不断使用,高炉炉渣内Al2O3含量也随之升高,这势必会影响高炉炉渣的各项冶金性能。为深入研究高铝高炉渣脱硫性能,明确MgO含量对高铝渣脱硫性能的影响,笔者通过改变高铝渣中MgO的含量,分别设定渣中MgO含量为5%、9%、13%MgO,研究不同MgO含量高炉高铝渣的脱硫性能及其脱硫动力学。结果表明:MgO含量不仅对高铝渣的黏度、脱硫能力有不同的影响,还使炉渣的脱硫速率发生了很大的改变。MgO含量越高对应的黏度越低,脱硫能力越大;但脱硫速率却表现出了不同规律,9%MgO的脱硫速率表现为最大;经过综合比较,当碱度固定为1.1、Al2O3含量固定为17%时,MgO含量为9%的炉渣同时具有较好的粘度和脱硫性能。     

稀土Sm_2O_3对Mo_2NiB_2基金属陶瓷微观组织和力学性能的影响

以NiB、Mo、Cr、V、Ni等几种粉末为基本原料,并以稀土Sm_2O_3为添加剂,采用真空液相烧结法制备Mo_2NiB_2基金属陶瓷。利用XRD、SEM、EDS、洛氏硬度计和电子万能试验机等研究添加Sm_2O_3对Mo_2NiB_2基金属陶瓷微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,添加0.3%~0.9%的Sm_2O_3后,金属陶瓷晶粒明显细化,组织分布更加均匀,材料的硬度和抗弯强度也得到提高。当Sm_2O_3添加量为0.6%时,所得试样的晶粒最为细小,晶粒尺寸大致在0.8~3.0μm,材料的力学性能最佳,其硬度和抗弯强度分别达到HRA88.7和1550 MPa。     

Structural and microstructural transformations in Bi2Sr2Ca1 −xYxCu2O8 + y system

Conclusions With the substitution of Y for Ca in BSCYCO system, both the hole concentration and structure parameters change. The superconductor-nonsuperconductor transition at x_c = 0.4 is more sensitive to the structure transformation than the variation in the hole concentration. Microanalysis reveals an inhomogeneous substitution of Y for Ca. So a much sharper drop of T, is expected at transition point by ideal monophase samples of BSCYCO. A ratio of lattice constants c / o. 5 (a + b) is found to be a very good parameter of describing the SC-AF transition of ISCYCO, reflecting the degree of the localization of Cu-3d electrons on the CuOz plane.     

An in-situ DRIFTS study in the reaction between NO x and soot on BaAl2O4

The interactions between NO, O2 and their mixture on BaAl2O4, as well as the reaction of NOx with soot in the presence of O2, have been investigated using Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy （DRIFTS）. NO adsorption produces only nitrites species in the absence of O2. NO2 adsorption produces nitrates species besides nitrites species. The produced nitrites will further react with O2, Osurf^-. and Olattice^2- to form nitrates. The reaction of NOx with soot begins with the reaction of nitrates with soot oxygenated complex （C（O））, which is regarded as the key and rate determining step. A reaction pathway is proposed for the catalyzed reaction of NOx with soot in the presence of O2.     

CoFe2O4/SiO2纳米复合材料的制备及其磁性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备（CoFe₂O₄）_x/（SiO₂）_1-x纳米复合材料. 利用X射线衍射（XRD）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）研究样品结构、 晶粒尺寸及磁性. 结果表明, 随SiO₂含量增加, 样品的晶粒尺寸减小, 比饱和磁化强度和矫顽力降低.      

Structural phase transition in nanostructured γ-Fe_2O_3

Conclusions We have found that there is an exothermal peak on the DTA curve of nanostructured γ-Fe₂O₃ sample and that this peak is not repeatable. The XRD microstructure analysis confirms for the first time that this exothermal peak corresponds to the structural phase transition from γ-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃. After this transition, the nanostructured Fe₂O₃ crystalline grains grow continuously with increasing temperature.     

Effects of Yb^3＋ codoping on visible and near infrared emissions of Er^3＋-Yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders by the sol-gel method

The 0.1 mol% Er^3＋ and 0-2 mol% Yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders were prepared by the sol-gel method, and the phase structure, including only two crystalline types of doped Al2O3 phase, γ-（Al,Er, Yb）2O3 and θ-（Al,Er, Yb）2O3, was detected at the sintering temperature of 1000℃. The visible and near infrared emissions properties depended strongly on the Yb^3＋ codoping, and the corresponding maximal peak intensities centered at about 523, 545, 660 and 1533 nm were obtained respectively for the 0.1 mol% Er^3＋ and 0.5 mol% Yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders, which were composed of θ-（Al,Er,Yb）2O3 and a small amount of γ-（Al,Er, Yb）2O3 phases. The two-photon absorption process was responsible for the visible up-conversion emissions, and the one-photon absorption process was involved in the near infrared emissions of the Er^3＋-yb^3＋ codoped Al2O3 powders.     

BiFeO3掺杂Pb（In1/2Nb1/2）O3-Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）O3-PbTiO3陶瓷的制备与磁电性能研究

以固相合成法制备了铁酸铋（BiFeO₃,简称BFO）掺杂的铌铟酸铅-铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅（Pb（In_1/2Nb_1/2）O₃-Pb（Mg_1/3Nb_2/3）O₃-PbTiO₃,简称PIN-PMN-PT）多铁性陶瓷材料,X射线衍射（XRD）测试结果表明：样品具有钙钛矿结构,电滞回线显示其铁电性良好,剩余极化值（P_r）可达18 μC·cm^-2.由于BiFeO₃掺杂后,样品电矩减小,氧空位增多,使其铁电畴翻转困难,样品的电性能略有下降,但是其磁性能随BiFeO₃掺入量的增加而逐渐增强,且样品居里温度（T_m）为200℃左右.该材料在电磁学领域有望成为具有应用前景的多铁性材料.     

Preparation and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4/TiO2 composite films

Using （Ti（OC4H9）4） and metal chlorates as starting materials, CoFe2O4/TiO2 composite films were prepared by sol-gel method. The effects of heat treatment temperature and pH of the precursor on microstructure and magnetic properties were studied. The phase structure of the samples was examined by X-ray diffraction. The microstructure was examined by scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope and polarized microscope. The magnetic property was measured by vibrating sample magnetometer. The results show that the crystals of different phases grow up independently. CoFe2O4 is uniformly embedded into the TiO2 matrix in the prepared composite films, and the growth of composite films is dependent on the heat treatment temperatures and PH of the precursor. The average size of CoFe2O4 crystal is 19 nm in Nanocomposite film prepared when the heat treatment temperature is 800℃ and the pH of the precursor is between 2 and 3. The magnetism of the composite films is enhanced as the heat treatment temperature increases.     

Fe_2O_3/ZnO纳米复合结构的制备及其光催化性能研究

通过阳极氧化法在纯铁片基底上生长Fe_2O_3纳米管阵列薄膜,然后采用水热法在Fe_2O_3纳米管阵列薄膜上负载ZnO纳米棒,制得Fe_2O_3/ZnO复合纳米结构。借助FE-SEM、XRD、TEM、UV-Vis等手段,对不同反应时间下制得的Fe_2O_3/ZnO复合材料的形貌、结构、物相组成及光催化性能进行表征,重点考察了复合结构的亚甲基蓝可见光降解能力。结果表明,在外加电压为55V的条件下阳极氧化450s,所制备的Fe_2O_3纳米管阵列具有高度有序、分布均匀及垂直取向的结构特点,管径约为80nm;在90℃的碱性锌酸盐溶液中,水热反应1.5h后,制得的Fe_2O_3/ZnO复合材料具有最佳的光催化性能,该样品对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达85%。     

硅锰渣基CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2系矿渣微晶玻璃晶化性能研究

以硅锰水淬渣为原料,添加石英砂对其成分进行调整,熔制出3种成分不同的硅锰渣基CaO-MgOAl2O3-SiO2系矿渣微晶玻璃,采用XRD、DSC、SEM对基础玻璃经不同温度热处理后的晶化特性进行研究。结果表明,随着原料中石英砂含量的增加,基础玻璃熔制温度与晶化温度均有所提升;当SiO2加入量为10%时,熔制的基础玻璃晶化完善,其在900℃时经3h晶化处理后可析出大量叶片状的透辉石相和钙长石相。     

O3/H2O2工艺控制太湖原水中致嗅氨基酸

针对太湖原水中氨基酸氯化消毒后可能引发的嗅味问题,采用太湖某水厂滤后水为研究对象,考察了O₃/H₂O₂深度处理工艺对水中致嗅氨基酸的去除效果及影响因素。结果表明滤后水中致嗅氨基酸占总游离氨基酸的81.6%,采用O₃/H₂O₂工艺降解致嗅氨基酸的最佳投量为1.5 mg·L^-1O₃和0.06 mM H₂O₂,去除率91.28%,致嗅氨基酸浓度降至484.62ng·L^-1,加氯消毒后几乎没有致嗅风险。水温10～30℃范围内,O₃/H₂O₂对致嗅氨基酸的去除率随温度升高而增大;pH=6～8范围内,去除率随p H的升高而增大。另外,该组合工艺较单独O₃/H₂O₂对溴酸盐的生成也有明显抑制作用。