基于重要度的民机备件单级初始库存优化配置

为了研究重要度对民机备件库存配置的影响,基于波音、空客模型理论建立了单级初始库存优化配置模型,结合边际分析法提出了分解协调边际分析法,实现了消耗件、周转件和可修件的库存优化配置.首先,阐述了考虑重要度情况的备件单级初始库存优化配置流程;其次,构建以机队可用度为优化目标,备件费用和保障概率为约束的备件单级初始库存优化配置模型;再次,运用分解协调边际分析法完成备件单级初始库存优化配置模型的求解;最后,将民机舱门系统作为研究对象,对其备件进行了初始库存优化配置.通过分析得到了满足约束条件的各个备件的初始库存优化配置数量,费用为170 684. 61美元,机队可用度为0. 9999;通过与传统的备件库存优化配置比较,验证了所提出方法的可行性和有效性.     

备件储备量的马尔可夫决策模型研究

在分析通信装备备件随机需求的基础上，结合费用因素，运用马氏决策规划方法，建立了备件随机存储管理的优化模型，并通过模型计算，给出了备件随机存储的最优策略。结果显示以此方法来控制备件储备量既能保障通信装备的维修需求，又能使存储费用降到最低水平。     

基于非泊松分布的不可修备件优化配置模型

 针对已有备件配置模型的局限性,研究需求服从非泊松分布的不可修备件优化配置模型.通过分析两级库存系统不可修备件的保障特点,将需求服从泊松分布的假设放宽,建立需求服从非泊松分布的不可修备件满足率通用模型,在此基础上构建以备件配置费用最小为优化目标,以系统备件配置满足率为约束条件的两级库存系统不可修备件配置优化模型,并通过遗传算法给出最优配置方案.结合案例的优化及验证结果显示,该优化配置模型适用于正态分布等需求服从非泊松过程的备件配置问题,其配置方案在保证系统备件配置总费用最低的前提下,使备件满足率达到95.02%,与Opus 10 软件的计算结果一致,表明优化配置模型的可行性和可靠性.     

多约束下轨道飞行器备件配置方案建模与优化

针对航空类装备携带备件方案的确定需要综合考虑多项约束指标因素的特点,以轨道飞行器飞入太空随行备件携带方案优化配置为研究背景,在费用、质量及体积3项指标约束条件下,以所有备件期望短缺数总和最小为目标函数,建立了备件配置方案的优化模型.通过设置初始因子初值求出备件初始配置方案,同时引入拉格朗日乘子将各项约束因子转化为保障资源约束因子,采用边际效应法求解并对模型进行优化.最后,对6种方案计算结果进行比较得出备件配置最优方案,并通过实例分析,证明了该方案的科学性和有效性.     

多指标约束下备件可修复库存方案优化

针对在机场集团运行期间,设备备件可修复的多指标约束问题,提出了基于近似可用度评估的可修备件库存优化方法。首先分析了备件消耗的类型。通过忽略备件发生故障后维修时间或者订货供货时间,利用伽马分布的可加性建立备件的可用度评估模型。在此基础上,利用可修备件的可用度、可修备件的总费用为约束指标,构建以备件量最少为目标函数的多约束备件优化模型。在求解模型的过程中,利用拉格朗日乘子和边际优化启发式算法,对模型进行求解。算例中通过与仿真结果进行对比分析:当维修时间或者备件补充时间小于备件等效平均寿命三分之一时,平均误差小于5%,采用的近似度的方法是可行的。     

(R,Q)库存策略下消耗件的协同订购方案优化

制定合理备件订购方案是降低消耗件库存费用,提高装备供应效能的有效途径. 针对目前军事装备典型的三级供应模式,根据协同供应链系统订购理论,以装备可用度为中心,建立了(R,Q)库存策略下的备件协同订购模型. 在随机订购延误时间情况下,通过引入拉格朗日因子对模型进行分解,采用启发式算法对模型进行优化求解. 通过算例给出了优化结果,对各项影响因素进行了分析. 优化结果符合实际,该方法能够为备件管理人员制定合理的备件方案提供决策依据.      

一种考虑可靠性指标的备件运送路径优化方法

对于单车辆备件运输路径优化问题,为了在满足系统保障性要求的基础上减少保障费用,提出单车辆备件运输路径的机会约束规划模型。以总费用最小为目标,选择备件保障概率、供应可用度和保障延误时间3个保障性指标作为约束条件,分别给出3个指标与路径及运输量相关的新的定义,以机会约束规划的思想进行建模;将随机模拟嵌入遗传算法,设计了混合智能算法对模型求解,通过算例分析验证了模型的有效性和可行性。     

随机需求下多层级装备备件库存方案优化方法

为了在有限保障经费下,提高多等级保障体制中的装备可用度,对备件随机类型需求的产生、传递机理进行分析,得出各站点对每种备件的需求;对于可以分解为多个层级、由多种类型部件构成的装备,给出了其可用度的计算模型;分析了库存数量对期望短缺数、装备可用度等指标的影响,利用边际效应对备件在各个保障站点的分配方案进行优化,得出备件在各个站点的最优库存数量;设计了优化算法得出了装备保障的费效曲线,并用实例进行分析,所得结果与成熟商用软件的差距较小,表明模型与算法是实用可行的。     

考虑报废的K/N冷备份冗余系统可修复备件优化

K/N冷备份冗余系统是提高系统可靠性的重要手段.针对已有分析模型未考虑备件在工程实际中存在一定报废率的客观情况,分析了K/N冷备份冗余系统的特点和工作流程,以最小化维修成本为目标,构建了单层两级的K/N冷备份冗余系统可修复备件优化模型,并基于可修复备件库存分配建模理论,研究了考虑报废后备件保障效能的分析流程和方法;然后采用边际分析法给出该优化模型的求解方法,并应用研究结论对备件的需求量进行预测;最后,通过算例分析验证了文中模型的合理性和适用性.     

基于灰色评估法的战时车辆装备备件储备品种确定

介绍了战时车辆装备备件储备品种确定的方法,分析了战时车辆装备备件储备品种确定的影响因素,通过建立战时车辆装备备件储备品种确定的评估指标体系,运用层次分析原理和灰色理论,建立了战时车辆装备备件储备品种确定的灰色评估模型。结合实例,对模型的有效性进行了检验。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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