含氢聚硅氧烷/丙烯酸丁酯复合乳液的研究——影响乳液流变性及反应速率的因素

详细讨论了在一次加料法制备含氢聚硅氧烷（PHMS）／丙烯酸丁酯（BA）复合乳液中,单体、乳化剂、引发剂及反应温度对聚合反应速率、转化率和乳液流变性能的影响．结果表明：PHMS／BA复合乳液的表观活化能和聚合速率方程分别为：Ea＝132．77KJ／mol,（I为引发剂,E为乳化剂）该乳液呈假塑性流体特征,随PHMS、功能单体N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺（NMA）用量增加,乳液粘度增加;乳化剂用量增加,反应温度升高,粘度降低．选择适当的原料配比和反应条件,可在较高的反应速率下,制得转化率高、性能稳定PHMS／BA复合乳液．     

PHMS/VAc复合乳液的研究

合成了含氢聚甲硅氧烷（PHMS）／醋酸乙烯酯（VAc）／羟甲基丙烯酰胺（NMA）复合乳液,研究了聚合方法、乳化剂配比及用量对乳液的粒径、粘度、表面张力及存放稳定性的影响。结果表明：适量采用非离子和阴离子的复合乳化剂可明显提高乳液性。聚合方法对乳液性能亦有重要影响。     

含PU结构乙丙乳液的性能研究

以醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)与丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为主要原料进行核壳乳液共聚合．在壳聚合阶段，将甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)与丙烯酸羟乙酯(2-HEA)反应的预聚物封端后，加入到VAc／BA混合单体中并进行聚合反应，得到了稳定的含PU结构的VAc／BA共聚物乳液．乳液胶膜的耐水性、耐溶剂性和力学性能都有较大的提高．DSC及透射电镜分析结果表明，乳胶粒形成了互穿网络结构。     

纳米TiO_2改性聚醋酸乙烯酯—丙烯酸丁酯乳液的制备及其在高寒沙地固沙中的应用性能 Ⅰ纳米TiO_2改性聚醋酸乙烯酯—丙烯酸丁酯乳液的制备和表征

用于高寒沙地的高分子固沙乳液需要有良好的抗冻融性和耐紫外老化性能.以醋酸乙烯酯和丙烯酸丁酯为主要原料,采用乳液聚合法合成聚醋酸乙烯酯—丙烯酸丁酯的共聚物P(VAc/BA)乳液,再以纳米Ti O2为抗紫外添加剂,制备得到改性的P(VAc/BA)固沙乳液.首先通过对不同工艺条件下合成的P(VAc/BA)乳液的主要物理性能参数,即粘度、粒径及粒径分布、玻璃化转变温度、固含量、冻融稳定性等的测试,来优化P(VAc/BA)乳液的合成路线,得到稳定的合成工艺;再通过对不同改性条件下得到的乳液进行粒径分析、紫外光谱分析、抗老化测试,得到最优的纳米Ti O2改性工艺.对目标产品的测试结果表明,这是一种水溶性好、粘度适中、冻融稳定性好、抗紫外老化、适宜于在川西北高寒沙地使用的固沙材料.     

聚丙烯酸酯核—壳乳液流变性能

合成了固含量约４５％的聚丙烯酸酯核－壳乳液，用旋转粘度计测定了该体系的流变性能，探讨了阴离子乳化剂含量从０．２％增加到１．０％时，体系流变性能的变化。结果表明，聚丙烯酸酯核－壳乳液为剪切稀化的假塑性流体，遵循幂律定律。幂律指数在０．４７－０．７４的范围。当阴离子乳化剂合量大于或等于０．８％以后，聚丙烯酸酯核－壳液的流变性能发生较大的变化。     

醋酸乙烯酯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚合过程及微观结构研究

以醋酸乙烯酯（VAc）和丙烯酸丁酯（BA）为原料,用半连续加料法合成共聚物。研究VAc/BA共聚合的3个阶段（种子预聚合阶段、单体滴加阶段和保温熟化阶段）所得共聚物组成和微观序列结构的变化规律,采用FT-IR、¹³C-NMR、DSC表征聚合物的结构和玻璃化转变温度（T_g）,分析聚合物共聚组成和序列结构随反应阶段的变化,采用1级Markov模型分析共聚物的序列结构分布。研究结果表明,半连续加料法制备的VAc/BA共聚物组成与序列结构在不同反应阶段存在明显变化。在预聚合阶段,单体浓度处于充溢态,聚合物中含有富BA单元的链段和富VAc单元的链段;反应进入单体滴加阶段,单体浓度处于饥饿态,生成共聚组成接近于加料比的均匀共聚物, VAc的数均序列长度（l_a）与BA的数均序列长度（l_b）均较小。     

丙烯酸酯乳液的合成与性能研究

采用丙烯酸丁酯（BA）和甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）为主单体，甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能团单体，合成了聚丙烯酸酯涂料乳液。探讨了软硬单体比例、乳化剂种类和用量对乳液及涂膜性能的影响，并对共聚物的结构和乳液的性能进行表征。FTIR和DSC测试结果表明丙烯酸酯类单体之间发生了自由基共聚反应；乳液的流变性分析说明该乳液具有假塑性，且贮存稳定。     

含高分子乳化剂的丙烯酸酯共聚物乳的流变性和稳定性

用布氏粘度计测定了丙烯酸酯共聚物／小分子乳化剂乳液体和丙烯酸酯共聚物／高分子乳化剂乳液体系的流变性能，并测定了各体系的稳定性，结果表明：高分子乳化剂体系较之小分子乳化剂体系，粘度增加数倍，其流变行为与小分子乳化剂乳液体系相似，为假塑 流体，但流动指数增大；高分子乳化剂使乳液体系的耐是耐电解质稳定性增加。     

St/BA/DBMPA无皂阳离子共聚物乳胶粒研究

选用苯乙烯（St)、丙烯酸丁酯（BA）和少量的反应性阳离子共聚单体N,N－二甲基,N－丁基,N－（3－甲基丙烯酰胺基）丙基溴化铵（DBMPA）,以阳离子自由基型引发剂引发进行无皂乳液聚合,合成了稳定的无皂阳离子共聚物St/BA/DBMPA乳液。研究结果表明：增大阳离子单体浓度、引发剂浓度和主单体St/BA体积比,共聚物乳胶粒粒径减小,粒子数目增大;增大离子强度,粒径呈现一个增大－减小－增大的变化过程;粒子的表面电荷密度也由以上4个因素决定。所合成的乳液表面张力小,耐电解质和耐有机溶剂性能好,说明该乳液具有很高的化学稳定性。胶膜经高温处理后,耐水性大大提高。     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯与N—萘基甲基丙烯酰胺本体共聚合…

本文佑成了Ｎ－萘基甲基丙烯酰胺（α－ＨＭＡ）与甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）的本体共聚物。α－ＨＭＡ的含量分别为３％、５％、８％、１０％、１５％、２０％、２５％。共聚体的硬度随着共聚体中α－ＨＭＡ的含量增高而提高；但透光率却随着α－ＨＭＡ含量增高而下降；软化温度变化不大。共聚体比聚甲基烯酸甲酯具有更好的耐溶剂性能。α－ＨＭＡ－ｃｏ－ＭＭＡ共聚物较甲基丙烯酰胺（ＭＡＤ）－甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物（ＭＭＡ）具有     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~