一种极低功耗运算放大器的设计与仿真

为了满足低电压低功耗的应用需求,本文利用MOSFET在亚阈区的超低功耗特性,实现了一种带共模反馈的亚阈运算放大器.该亚阈运算放大器结构简单,采用TSMC 0.18μm工艺实现,且工作于1.2 V电源电压下.通过Synopsys Hspice仿真,结果表明,该电路在输出负载为0.5pF时直流增益为70.97 dB、单位增益带宽6.346 MHz、相位裕度85.76°、正负压摆率分别为3.58V/μs和-3.58 V/μs,功耗仅为4.80μW.     

一种基于BiCMOS工艺误差放大电路的设计

针对消费电子产品PWM电流型DC-DC电源管理芯片的特点，设计了芯片中所必需的误差放大器，利用带隙基准电压源的原理，结合OTA放大器，提出一种新的误差放大器电路的设计，实现了芯片中误差放大器的功能，满足了芯片电压环路的要求。基于UMC0．6μm BCDBiCMOS工艺，Hspice软件仿真的结果表明所设计的误差放大电路具有结构简单、稳定性高、功耗低等特点，可工作在3．3V-5．5V的电压范围下，性能有很大改善，满足了芯片的需要，可以用于类似芯片中。     

负反馈对放大器频率响应的影响再分析

应用电路分析的方法,导出了单级负反馈放大器上、下限截止频率FHf、fLf的新关系式,说明了方块图法不能体现电路的基尔霍夫定律作用。新关系式能全面直观描述FHf、fLf和电路中所有元件参数之间的关系,更便于理论分析和工程设计,及计算机辅助分析。     

基本放大器和高性能放大器的分析

介绍用集成运算放大器（цA741）组成的基本放大器和高性能放大器的理论分析及调试方法。理论分析了反相放大器、差动放大器的闭环增益、输入阻抗、输出阻抗。并介绍几种典型的应用放大器：由цA741组成的基本放大器、T型网络高输入阻抗放大器、自举高阻反相放大器；基本差动放大器；高基模范围的差动放大器。对这些实际电路的调整方法做了重点介绍，调试准确无误。     

Digital optical signal amplifier using an Er-doped fiber optical bistable device

The principle and charecteristics of verious digital optical signal amplifiers using Er-doped fiber optical bistability devices have been discussed. Optical signal gain and its variation with the parameters of the devices with constant or pulse optical bias have been calculated, and the design principle of those devices has been given. Supported by the National Natural Science Fundation of China Zhang Yuancheng: born in Aug. 1938, Professor     

Prestin is required for electromotility of the outer hair cell and for the cochlear amplifier

Hearing sensitivity in mammals is enhanced by more than 40 dB (that is, 100-fold) by mechanical amplification thought to be generated by one class of cochlear sensory cells, the outer hair cells. In addition to the mechano-electrical transduction required for auditory sensation, mammalian outer hair cells also perform electromechanical transduction, whereby transmembrane voltage drives cellular length changes at audio frequencies in vitro. This electromotility is thought to arise through voltage-gated conformational changes in a membrane protein, and prestin has been proposed as this molecular motor. Here we show that targeted deletion of prestin in mice results in loss of outer hair cell electromotility in vitro and a 40-60 dB loss of cochlear sensitivity in vivo, without disruption of mechano-electrical transduction in outer hair cells. In heterozygotes, electromotility is halved and there is a twofold (about 6 dB) increase in cochlear thresholds. These results suggest that prestin is indeed the motor protein, that there is a simple and direct coupling between electromotility and cochlear amplification, and that there is no need to invoke additional active processes to explain cochlear sensitivity in the mammalian ear.     

Single-ion quantum lock-in amplifier

Quantum metrology uses tools from quantum information science to improve measurement signal-to-noise ratios. The challenge is to increase sensitivity while reducing susceptibility to noise, tasks that are often in conflict. Lock-in measurement is a detection scheme designed to overcome this difficulty by spectrally separating signal from noise. Here we report on the implementation of a quantum analogue to the classical lock-in amplifier. All the lock-in operations--modulation, detection and mixing--are performed through the application of non-commuting quantum operators to the electronic spin state of a single, trapped Sr(+) ion. We significantly increase its sensitivity to external fields while extending phase coherence by three orders of magnitude, to more than one second. Using this technique, we measure frequency shifts with a sensitivity of 0.42 Hz Hz(-1/2) (corresponding to a magnetic field measurement sensitivity of 15 pT Hz(-1/2)), obtaining an uncertainty of less than 10 mHz (350 fT) after 3,720 seconds of averaging. These sensitivities are limited by quantum projection noise and improve on other single-spin probe technologies by two orders of magnitude. Our reported sensitivity is sufficient for the measurement of parity non-conservation, as well as the detection of the magnetic field of a single electronic spin one micrometre from an ion detector with nanometre resolution. As a first application, we perform light shift spectroscopy of a narrow optical quadrupole transition. Finally, we emphasize that the quantum lock-in technique is generic and can potentially enhance the sensitivity of any quantum sensor.     

测量放大器的制作

根据设计要求， 本着简单实用的原则采用高阻测量放大器作为主放大器； 并采取十进制码盘进行放大器放大倍数的预置； 同时自行设计信号变换电路进行信号的转换。电源部分采取二级稳压以保证电源稳定度