基于神经网络的光纤光栅压力传感器的温度补偿

针对光纤光栅自身对温度和应变的交叉敏感性,以及光纤光栅压力传感器的输出受环境温度影响很大且不易消除的问题,以聚合物封装的光纤光栅传感器为例,提出了用BP神经网络实现光纤光栅压力传感器温度补偿的方法,解决了传感器输出特性的非线性校正的问题．通过Matlab仿真结果显示,系统最大测量误差由1915％降低到4．26％;实验证明该方法可以有效地减少温度对光纤光栅压力传感器测量精度的影响．     

重油介质极化机理及含水量检测

基于射频阻抗理论对重油的含水量进行快速检测的方法，研究了含水重油电介质的极化机理，对混合介质的介电常数进行了计算，并讨论了传感器的设计原理和温度补偿方法，最后对实验结果进行了误差分析．计算结果表明最大非线性误差为０．５％．该法为重油乳化实现经济燃烧提供了含水量检测的依据．     

高精度数字压力计的研制

扩散硅压力传感器具有体积小、灵敏度高、响应速度快等优点，但存在温度漂移和非线性问题，这是研制高精度数字压力计必须解决的技术难点．本文分析并建立了对其实现综合补偿的方程式，利用单片微机软件实现综合补偿方程，较好地解决了压力传感器的非线性、温度补偿和零点修正．研制出的数字压力计精度达０．０５级．     

SOS压力传感器温度的补偿

分析了硅 蓝宝石(SOS)压力传感器的温度特性,表明测量范围较宽时,传感器的输出易受环境温度的影响,并且成非线性·提出一种基于神经网络共轭梯度算法的硅 蓝宝石压力传感器温度补偿方法·利用神经网络共轭梯度算法具有逼近任意非线性函数的特点,通过训练使神经网络建立在不同环境温度下传感器输出与其实际感受的电压值之间的非线性映射关系,实现硅 蓝宝石压力传感器温度补偿·计算机仿真表明,该方法不仅能有效地消除温度的影响,而且能在神经网络的输出端得到期望的线性输出·     

基于反馈调节器的应变式位移传感器非线性校正

因受自身材质、工艺等条件的限制以及温度等外界环境影响,应变式位移传感器的输入-输出特性存在非线性误差.采用最小二乘法建立传感器正模型、逆模型及传统方法补偿后的传感器输出误差模型.在此基础上根据反馈控制理论引入反馈调节器,利用传感器正模型与输出误差模型对系统非线性特性做进一步补偿,实现对传统非线性校正方法的改进.同时,通过调节反馈系数改变反馈调节器的作用强度,可抑制系统零点漂移.研究结果表明,经含有反馈调节器的非线性校正环节作用后,系统的非线性特性及零点漂移得以改善     

基于递归神经网络模型的传感器非线性动态补偿

讨论了递归神经网络模型在传感器非线性动态补偿中的应用，给出了递归神经网络模型的结构及相应的训练算法．递归神经网络模型本身具有动态映射能力，其结构仅与输入层和中间层的节点数有关，且不需要知道被补偿传感器的结构特性(如输出、输入的最大延迟)等先验知识，简化了动态补偿器的结构设计．采用递推预报误差算法训练神经网络，具有收敛速度快、收敛精度高的特点．实验结果表明，经过补偿后的传感器具有期望的输入输出特性，应用递归神经网络对传感器进行非线性动态补偿是一种行之有效的方法．     

电涡流传感器及求特性曲线拟合方程的新方法

介绍了用途广泛的电涡流传感器的工作原理,输出特征以及建立特性曲线拟合方程式的新方法——在最小二乘法的基础上结合０．６１８优选法进一步使拟合方程式中常数更加合理．用这种方法可以求得最佳拟合直线方程和最小的非线性误差,其值比最小二乘法求得的非线性误差更小．此法适用于各种类型的线性传感器或可以通过适当的变量代换把变量之间的非线性关系化为线性关系的传感器或测量系统．     

基于闭环像素时钟发生器的扫描图像采集方案

针对机械式激光扫描器转动惯量所造成的扫描线非线性失真，提出一种基于闭环像素时钟发生器的高精度补偿方案，对该方案实验装置的测试表明，行频取秋１５０Ｈｚ，采样密度取５１２点／行时，输出图像整体非线性误差由５％下降到０．１％，完全满足了高精度图像采集系统的要求。     

硅压阻式压力传感器非线性误差校正方法

利用ZMD31020传感器信号处理器,实现了硅压阻式传感器的非线性及温度补偿。通过软件输入预先设定的数字量给ZMD31020处理器的存贮空间,可实现硅压阻式压力传感器(PRT)的零点输出、热零点漂移、满量程输出、热灵敏度漂移和非线性的高精度校准和补偿。传感器的输出精度达到了0.275%。     

扩散硅压力传感器双桥补偿法

本文提出关于扩散硅压力传感器误差补偿的一种新方法，重点介绍该方法对零点温度漂移、灵敏度温度漂移以及非线性的补偿。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the