含锌粉尘内配碳球团还原模型

以转底炉处理钢铁厂含锌粉尘为背景,结合转底炉实际生产工艺条件,建立了含锌粉尘内配碳球团直接还原一维非稳态数学模型.模型不仅考虑了铁氧化物的还原反应和碳的气化反应,还加入了氧化锌的还原反应,并通过实验验证了模型的准确性.利用计算结果分析讨论了炉温、球团半径及孔隙率对球团还原的影响.炉温对球团的金属化率和脱锌率均有显著影响,孔隙率和球团半径仅对球团的金属化率影响较小,而对脱锌率基本没有影响.     

含锌粉尘内配碳球团还原模型

以转底炉处理钢铁厂含锌粉尘为背景,结合转底炉实际生产工艺条件,建立了含锌粉尘内配碳球团直接还原一维非稳态数学模型.模型不仅考虑了铁氧化物的还原反应和碳的气化反应,还加入了氧化锌的还原反应,并通过实验验证了模型的准确性.利用计算结果分析讨论了炉温、球团半径及孔隙率对球团还原的影响.炉温对球团的金属化率和脱锌率均有显著影响,孔隙率和球团半径仅对球团的金属化率影响较小,而对脱锌率基本没有影响.     

钢铁厂含锌铅粉尘配碳球团的直接还原工艺

对钢铁厂含锌铅粉尘配碳球团直接还原工艺进行了研究.结果表明：生球碱度及还原时间对球团中铅挥发率和铁的金属化率有显著影响，而还原温度则对球团中锌、铅挥发率和铁的金属化率均有显著影响.在此基础上确定的最佳工艺参数为：生球碱度～0.9，还原温度和还原时间分别为1250℃和25min.     

高炉粉尘Fe和Zn非熔态分离工艺

开发一种高炉粉尘再资源化处理工艺,采用"非熔态还原--磁选分离--Zn的回收、富集"方法对典型高炉粉尘进行Fe、Zn非熔态分离研究.结果表明:在910～1 010℃,使用纯H2、CO为还原剂进行非熔态还原,同时实现粉尘中Fe2O3(s)→Fe(s)和ZnO(s)→Zn(g)的高度转变,金属化率达到90%以上,气化脱锌率达到99%以上,且还原过程未发生烧结.还原产物直接经磁选分离、富集得到TFe品位90%的富Fe物料;含锌挥发物经回收、富集得到ZnO含量92%的富Zn物料.成功地将高炉粉尘全部转化为MFe、ZnO等有价资源,实现了零排放,且分离过程不需高温熔融,过程能耗低,无环境污染.     

钢铁厂含铅粉尘配碳球团的直接还原工艺

对钢铁厂含锌铅粉尘配碳球团直接还原工艺进行了研究。结果表明：生球碱度及还原时间对球团中铅发率有显著影响，而还原温度则对球团中锌、铅挥发率和铁的金属化率均有显著影响。     

含锌铅粉尘金属化球团的固结机理

对含锌铅钢铁厂粉尘配碳球团，经还原焙烧后得到的高炉用金属化球团的固结机理进行了研究。结果表明：金属化球团的强度由金属铁相的数量和形态以及球团内孔隙的大小共同决定。     

转底炉处理冶金粉尘工艺的锌钾钠脱除及烟气形成

转底炉直接还原处理钢铁厂冶金粉尘过程中,Zn、K、Na等元素的脱除及烟气形成过程对转底炉工艺实施效果影响很大.采用高温管式炉模拟转底炉工艺条件,用钢铁厂含锌粉尘制成内配碳球团,进行直接还原实验研究,并收集实验过程产生的烟气和二次粉尘,对烟气中的气体成分以及烟气中的二次粉尘进行化学成分、微观结构以及物相组成分析.研究证明:Zn的脱除率可以达到98%,K、Na、Pb的脱除率分别达到80%、88%和85%;烟气中N2、CO、CO2的体积分数分别为71.4%、14.5%和14.1%;烟气中二次粉尘主要物相为ZnO、KCl、Zn5(OH)8CI2H2O、PbO和NaCl,二次粉尘中ZnO含量高达80%,可作为二次锌资源加以利用.在此基础上分析了转底炉直接还原过程中Zn、Ph、K、Na脱除和烟气形成机理.     

白云鄂博矿含碳球团直接还原过程工艺参数优化的数值模拟

利用管式电阻炉研究了炉气温度在900~1 100℃之间球团的还原过程。建立数学模型;考虑传热、传质以及化学反应来模拟白云鄂博矿含碳球团直接还原过程。实验结果表明,随着炉气温度的升高,球团质量减小的越快,还原反应结束的时间缩短。模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好。通过正交试验研究影响白云鄂博矿金属化率主要因素大小排序为:炉气温度时间碳氧比直径。最后研究两种不同工况观察白云鄂博矿含碳球团金属化率的变化规律,结果显示较低的炉气温度对金属化率作用不大;在高温段反应10 min左右就可以达到最大金属化率。粒径为12 mm、碳氧比0.9的含碳球团,在炉气温度为1 100℃时各段反应时间可以控制在10 min左右。     

还原时间对高料层碳热还原金属化率的影响

为了探讨PSH(paired straight hearth,对行直底炉)直接还原工艺的操作参数,进行了还原时间对高料层碳热还原金属化率影响的研究.试验结果表明:还原时间为50和60 min时,球团的金属化率较高,整个料层总的金属化率分别为57.31%和80.23%.但炉内还原60 min时,存在上层球团再氧化、热效率低、生产效率低等问题.采用热坩埚装料可以明显提高球团金属化率,尤其是底层球团.炉内还原50 min,采用热坩埚装料时,整个料层总金属化率可由冷坩埚装料的57.31%提高至85.24%.因此,以提高碳热还原金属化率为目的,建议采用热坩埚装料,炉内还原50 min.本试验的研究结果可为PSH工艺的开发提供理论依据.     

预还原球团吸波性能及其微波加热煤基直接还原

研究预还原球团在微波场中的升温特性,考察预还原球团微波加热中对直接还原的影响,分析铁氧化物煤基微波加热的还原行为.研究结果表明:预还原程度越高,球团中的Fe3O4含量逐渐减少,浮氏体和金属铁含量逐渐增多,对微波的吸收性能逐渐减弱,但是仍然具有较好的吸波能力.预还原球团金属化率越高,得到的海绵铁金属化率越高,在预还原球团金属化率为42.85％(质量分数),温度为1 000℃,还原时间为48 min,碳氧质量比为1.75:1时,海绵铁金属化率达到97.29％.随着还原反应的进行,铁氧化物的成分不断改变,金属铁颗粒呈星点状分布于浮氏体之间,但并不会形成致密金属壳,为还原反应中的气体交换创造良好的动力学条件.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the