发现“许昌人”

现代人起源于非洲已成主流观点。但是,在河南省许昌市许昌县灵井旧石器时代遗址中,不久前出土的距今8万～10万年的“许昌人”头盖骨化石对中国现代人“非洲起源说”提出了挑战。作为发掘队的领队,本文作者饱含激情地讲述了这一重要发现的经过及其所蕴含的意义。     

“夏娃理论”对摩尔根模式与郭沫若体系的冲击

“夏娃理论”告诉我们，现代人类的共同祖先，来自距今 ２０~１０万年前非洲的一位母亲；元谋人、北京人与现代中国人无关。这向中国历史学发起了严峻挑战，撼动了中国古代史的摩尔根模式和郭沫若体系。     

“许昌人”头盖骨：现代人类起源再诠释？——“许昌人”头盖骨对国际学术界的挑战

“许昌人”头盖骨的发现,印证了“多地区起源”及人类连续进化附带杂交模式学说的正确性,面对“许昌人”头盖骨,“非洲夏娃说”、“代替说”等不攻自破。“许昌人”不仅可能是北京猿人的后代,同时还应是现代中国人的祖先。同时“许昌人”头盖骨的发现在人类学研究领域对DNA的科学证明提出了严峻挑战。它以事实提醒我们,面对现代人类多源说的实证资料,在人类学、考古学和基因科学诸多学术研究领域里调整学术思路势在必然。     

企业管理中的X、Y、Z理论和7S管理模式

企业管理中的Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ理论和７Ｓ管理模式董京春（北京联合大学电子自动化工程学院，北京，１００１０１）１Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ理论在资本主义管理理论的发展历史中，曾出现过一些关于人性假说（“经济人”假说、“复杂人”假说、“社会人”假说、“自动人”假说），并依据其产...     

中“互利共赢”过时了吗？

姚桂梅：中国跟非洲的经贸交往一直是任互利共赢、共同发展这个大原则的指导下进行的，但事实上，要真正达到巨利共赢这个目标还有很大距离。非洲的面积相当于中国的三个多大，但是中国的GDP相当于非洲的的四倍多（中国是9万亿美元，整个非洲才2万亿美元）。如果中国跟每一个非洲国家都讲互利共赢，那就会像一个大胖子跟一个小瘦子谈共赢一样，失力过于悬殊，做大互利共赢不太现实。李总理在非盟总部演讲时提出要“打造中非全面合作的升级版”，从理念上提出中非要共促“包容性增长”。就是说不仅中国要包容性增长，非洲也要包容性增长，中非关系也要包容性发展。我觉得，未来的中非关系要超越“共赢”达个基本层次。在目前的状况下，中国在与非洲的经贸合作中要“多给少取”，更多地担负起大国的责任。我们总说中国是最大的发展中国家，非洲是发展中国家最集中的大陆，但这种说法正在非洲遭受挑战，因为一些非洲国家已不再认为中国是发展中国家。     

用现代科技保护京杭大运河

[科技日报]长城、京杭大运河、楼兰古城、尼雅遗址……这些时空跨度大，涉及众多部门和地方的大遗址如何进行科学保护，一直以来都是文化遗产保护领域的一道难题，随着国家科技支撑计划“大遗址保护关键技术研究与开发”项目“空间信息技术在大遗址保护中的应用研究（以京杭大运河为例）”通过结题验收，为利用现代科学技术，尤其是空间信息技术进行大遗址保护，探索出了一条新途径。     

论20世纪60年代中非友好关系

中国人民同非洲人民的交往源远流长．第二次世界大战以后，随着中华人民共和国的成立和非洲民族独立运动的发展，中非友好关系进入了一个新的时期．从50年代到60年代，我国先后同十几个非洲国家建立了外交关系，并且提出和制订了一系列重要的对非政策和原则，为中非关系的继续发展奠定了牢固的基础．因此，对60年代中非友好关系的研究．对推动今后中国向非洲国家在各方面的友好合作关系的发展，增强中国同非洲国家和人民的友谊，都具有十分重大的意义．一第二次世界大战后，非洲民族独立运动蓬勃发展，特别是20世纪60年代，非洲民族独立运动…     

周口店遗址博物馆展出最新科研成果

2009年05月21日中国商务在线旅行网报道：周口店北京人遗址最新科研成果展今起在遗址博物馆第五展厅开展. 周口店遗址自1927年开始大规模发掘以来,共发现包括猿人洞、山顶洞、第四地点、田园洞等27个具有学术价值的化石地点,出土了代表40多个“北京人”的化石遗骸,10多万件石器,上百种动物化石及大量的用火遗迹等,遗址发掘研究工作从未停止．     

尘封化石揭秘现代人身世

大部分人都相信自己的祖先来自非洲。10万年前的某一天，这些现代人走出自己的“摇篮”，形成了了今天的人类。然而这一切到底发生在什么时间一直存在巨大的争论。如今，根据一具1952年在南非Hofmeyr附近发现的头骨化石，研究人员得到了新的数据，这无疑为研究现代化何时走出非洲以及去向何方提供了新的线索。     

非洲大地上的中国白衣天使

始于20世纪60年代的中国对非洲医疗援助是体现中国援非成效的又一重大领域。从1963年4月中国向阿尔及利亚派出第一支援非医疗队，到2010年12月，中国共向46个非洲国家派出1．8万人次援外医疗队员，累计治疗患者两亿多人次，并为非洲培训数万名医疗技术人员；有1000多名中国医疗队员分布在41个非洲国家。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that