谷物燃烧热的测定研究

实验采用氧弹式量热计测定了4种谷物的燃烧热值.用苯甲酸作为标准物质;在室温25℃、氧气压力2.4 MPa左右、样品量1 g左右的条件下,进行燃烧实验.用雷诺图校正法对实验数据进行处理,得出谷物燃烧前后系统温度的变化值,进而计算谷物的燃烧热.利用量热法对谷物的燃烧热进行测定,原理可靠,仪器简便,操作简单.实验结果表明大米燃烧放热最少,小麦燃烧放热最多.     

糯米酒发酵工艺优化

以优质糯米为原料对糯米酒发酵工艺参数进行优化,比较了3种酒曲的发酵性能,通过正交试验优化糯米酒生产工艺.结果表明,甜酒曲为最佳发酵酒曲,糯米酒生产的最佳工艺为糯米蒸煮15 min,酒曲量0.5%,发酵时间为48 h,料水比为10∶3（g∶m L）,在30℃下恒温发酵生产的糯米酒口感适宜,香气浓郁.     

Sol-gel Method Synthesized Polyhedron SnO_2 Anode Material for Lithium Ion Battery

1 Introduction Tin-based oxides will be promising anode materials for lithium ion batteries due to its high specific capacity, low potential platform, and safety[1]. Many methods have been applied to synthesize SnO2 materials of different morphologies, such as chemical vapor deposition, spray, sol-gel method[2]. Triblock copolymer poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (propylene oxide)-block-poly (ethane oxide) (P123) has been used as surfactant to prepare nano-crystalline tin oxide particles[3]. In this pap...     

两种工艺酿造的干型黄酒主要质量指标比较

为了探讨现代生物技术酿造黄酒改善品质的原因,以糯米为原料的传统工艺酿造干型黄酒与添加糯玉米为辅料的“四酶、二曲、一酵母”现代生物技术酿造干型黄酒为样品,从感官、常规理化指标、酸溶性蛋白质、氨基酸、多肽等多个方面进行比较．结果表明：与传统工艺黄酒相比,现代生物技术酿造黄酒的感观质量好,理化指标优,特别是酸溶性蛋白质含量和多肽含量分别偏高457．5mg／100mL（P〈0．01）和476．29mg／100mL（P〈0．01）．酒质差异的根本原因与酿造所使用的原料、酶制剂、微生物类群和过滤工艺等因素密切相关,现代工艺酿造黄酒有利于原料大分子物质的水解和风味代谢产物的形成．该研究为生物技术改造传统黄酒酿造工艺提供了试验依据．     

P(AN-MMA)/TiO_2 Nano-composite Polymer Electrolyte by in-situ Polymerization

1 Introduction With the development of portable electric devices,polymer lithium ion batteries (PLiBs) have been widely used as the power sources because of their high energy density and safe property[1].P(AN-MMA) copolymer is a kind of cheap macromolecules easily dissolving in the polar solvents such as carbonate,it has been applied as gel polymer electrolyte in PLiBs.Here we prepare a kind of highly conductive nano-composite polymer electrolytes using the P(AN-MMA) copolymer incorporated with TiO2 nan...     

溶出固形物对软米硬度和黏弹性的影响

以粳米和糯米为对照,研究了溶出固形物对软米硬度和黏弹性的影响。分析发现软米溶出固形物质量分数为11.85%,显著高于粳米和糯米(P<0.05),与弹性显著正相关(P<0.05)；与粳米和糯米相比,软米中的固形物直支链淀粉比最低,利于形成连续凝胶网结构。此外,软米溶出淀粉侧链中聚合度为6~12的短链A链比例最高,赋予其较好的黏弹性。质构和流变分析结果表明:除溶出固形物后,软米的硬度显著增加,黏硬比和弹性显著降低。扫描电子显微镜结果表明:除溶出固形物后米粒表面粗糙、凹凸不平,有明显的孔洞；软米表面所形成的渔网状孔洞状结构能够对饭粒起到支撑作用,使得整个饭粒弹性更好。溶出固形物含量、组成、分子结构及其在米饭表面分布的差异是软米较低硬度和较好黏弹性优势产生的主要原因。     

微波消解-ICP-AES法测定大米和小麦粉中21种无机元素

以电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定山西大同大学食堂大米和小麦粉中21种无机元素的含量。该方法测定各元素的相关系数在0.995 0～0.999 9之间,仪器检出限在0.000 4～0.103 8μg/mL之间,选取Mn,Ca,Mg,K做加标回收实验,回收率在91.57%～105.60%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.54%～2.50%之间(测定次数n=3),方法快速、准确、可靠。检测发现,所测大米和小麦粉中均含K,Ca,Na,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,Cr,B,P,Si,Li和Se等人体必需的矿质元素;均未检测到Cd,Pb,Co,Ni以及有毒元素Hg和As,但均检测到Al元素,摄入过量会影响Fe,Ca元素的吸收。     

不同类型禾谷类作物幼芽中甜菜碱醛脱氢酶蛋白含量差异

用Western blot方法分析了甜菜碱生物合成酶之一甜菜碱醛脱氢酶（BADH）在同基因型禾谷类作物——小麦、玉米、水稻、高粱和大麦幼芽中蛋白含量的变化,结果表明BADH在禾谷类作物种子萌发早期（幼芽）中普遍存在,并有较高的含量．不同类型的作物BADH蛋白含量不同,在同一类型作物的不同品种间也表现出明显的差异．     

利用分子标记分析22种上海市重要水稻10个食味品质相关基因的基因型

稻米食味品质改良是目前水稻育种的重要研究方向之一.明确不同水稻食味品质基因型,可为优质水稻育种研究的亲本选择提供依据.本研究利用分子标记检测技术,对22个目前上海市种植的重要常规水稻和杂交稻亲本食味品质基因的基因型进行检测.结果发现,"紫香糯861"水稻含有相对较多不良食味品质基因型.3种杂交稻父本,"湘晴"、"R44"和"繁14"的食味品质基因型比这3种杂交稻母本,"寒风A"、"秋风A"和"申9A"以及其他常规稻有欠缺.从蜡质基因多态性分析显示,在本研究选用的22种水稻中,2个为糯稻、20个为粳稻,但其中有4个为软米型粳稻;在16个非软米型粳稻中,"宝农34"、"金丰"和"银香18"是具有相对最好食味品质基因型的水稻品种.     

Triphosgene as an Efficient and Electrophilic Reagent for the One-pot Synthesis of Sulfonylsemicarbazids

1 Results Sulfonylsemicarbazide derivatives are important compounds as blowing agents in cellular rubber and plastics[1]. Different methods for the preparation of these compounds are reported. For example, sulfonylsemicarbazides are prepared by reaction of sulfinic acid salt with azodicarbonamide in water[2] and reaction of sulfonylchloride with semicarbazide[3-4]. In these methods the yields of products are not high[3-4], the solvent such as pyridine is toxic and also the sulfinic acid salt as starting...     

栽培密度对有色稻抽穗后剑叶一些衰老生理特性的影响

以黑糯和红粳两个有色稻为材料,设5种不同的栽培密度,研究了不同栽培密度对有色稻抽穗后剑叶的叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和SOD酶活性等一些衰老生理指标的影响。结果表明：随栽培密度的增加,有色稻抽穗后剑叶叶绿素a、b含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和SOD酶活性均呈下降趋势,而叶绿素a/b值和丙二醛含量呈上升趋势,且高密度E处理下这些指标变化幅度较大,衰老加快。试验还表明,有色稻抽穗后剑叶叶绿素含量、SOD酶活性、丙二醛含量等衰老生理指标的变化幅度与品种的耐密性密切相关。     

进氧化氢在微过氧化物酶-11(MP-11)修饰玻碳电极上的电催化还原

0　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＭＰ 1 1ｉｓｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄｆｒｏｍｐｅｐｓｉｎｄｉｇｅｓｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｙｔｏｃｈｒｏｍｅｃ .Ｉｔｒｅｔａｉｎｓａｍｉｎｏａｃｉｄｒｅｓｉｄｕｅｓ 1 1 2 1ｏｆｃｙｔｏｃｈｒｏｍｅｃ .Ｉｔｉｓｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄａｇｏｏｄｍｏｄｅｌｏｆｃ ｔｙｐｅｈｅｍｅｅｎｚｙｍｅｓａｎｄｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅｓ .Ｓｏｆａｒ,ｓｏｍｅｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｕｓｅｄｔｏｉｍｍｏｂｉｌｉｚｅＭＰ 1 1ｏｎｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｄｅｓ ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｍｉｘｉｎｇｕｐｗｉｔｈｇｒａｐｈｉｔｅｐａｓｔ…     

遮光处理对有色米糙米着色程度的影响

遮光处理使有色米糙米单穴产量下降,其中,黑色遮光网处理使产量降低明显。遮光处理使红米糙米着色程度表现出降低的趋势,尤其是黑色遮光网处理使红米糙米着色变浅。不同遮光处理对黑米糙米着色程度影响不明显。红米赤糯各处理都表现出随时间的推移其糙米着色程度加深的趋势。     

多菌共酵果粮醋的工艺研究

完成了以芭蕉、菠萝和糯米为原料的多菌共酵食醋酿造工艺实验。糯米、芭蕉和菠萝的百分比为２０％、４０％、４０％。所用微生物有：苏州甜酒药,贵州根霉曲,红曲（Ｄ２－１）,酿酒酵母椭园形变种（ＡＳ２．６０７）,异常汉逊酵母（ＡＳ２．３００）,弱氧化醋酸单孢菌（ＡＳ１．１８６）和一株自己分离的醋酸菌。     

杂交早稻新组合汕优242应用价值的研究

3年研究结果表明,汕优242比当前生产上推广组合威优49早热2d,两者产量水平相当,汕优242稻米品质为二级籼米,3个主要米质指标均优于威优49;对白叶枯病和稻瘟病的抗性及苗期抗寒性也明显优于威优49。该组合适合在我省作中迟熟早稻种植。     

Preparation and Properties of Vegetable-Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) Complex FilmsЦ Water Bamboo-CMC,Chinese Cabbage-CMC etc.Complex Films

1 Results Various kinds of biodegradable polymers have been researched[1].In our previous papers,cellulose-alginic acid[2],cellulose-agar[3],vegetable-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) etc.complex films have been researched.Recently,some other kinds of vegetable such as water bamboo,Chinese cabbage,eggplant,spinach,naked oats,and basella,asparagus and pumpkin were used to perpare vegetable-CMC complex films.Every kind of vegetable has different content of water,cellulose,protein,carbohydrate and a small amount of fat,vitamine and mineral elements.When a vegetable is mixed with CMC-Na in water,then placed on polyethylen film,dried,neutralized with HCl water solution and dried,a vegetable-CMC complex film can be obtained.     

Chromosome sorting and its applications in common wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome sequencing

The large genome size (～17000 Mb) and complicated DNA structures of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) hamper its genome sequencing.By means of flow cytometry,systematic investigations on individual chromosome sorting have been carried out to construct chromosome-specific bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries since the 1980s.Several wheat chromosome-specific BAC libraries,such as chromosome 3B,three D genome chromosomes (1D,4D and 6D),and the short arm of chromosome 1B,have been developed,and the ph...     

杀菌剂三唑酮在我国农业中的应用研究进展

对三唑酮在我国小麦、水稻、玉米、水果、蔬菜、草坪、花卉、树木等方面的应用进行了综述。三唑酮可用于防治小麦的纹枯病、全蚀病、白粉病、根腐病和水稻的稻瘟病、稻叶尖枯病、稻曲病、黑粉病等多种病害。另外,三唑酮还是一种甾醇抑制剂和植物生长调节剂,在与一些农药混配后具有协同增效作用。     

河东乌麦胚芽营养麦片的研制

在系统评价河东乌麦、黑优粘米和粤引黑大豆1号主要营养成分的基础上,以河东乌麦为主要原料,配伍黑优粘米、粤引黑大豆1号等辅料,采用原料发芽处理等工艺技术,研制开发出河东乌麦胚芽营养麦片新产品,原料通过发处理可以明显提高其维生素B1、B2、C和维生素E的含量,3种主要原料的合理配比使制成的麦片营养全面、平衡,具有良好的总溶性和适口性。     

Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide for Solar Cells and Lithium Batteries

1 Results Nanocrystalline TiO2 (anatase) has attracted considerable interest for applications in regenerative photoelectrochemical solar cells[1]. This device is based on charge injection from photoexcited organometallic dye which is adsorbed on the TiO2 surface. A considerable enhancement of the solar cell efficiency was demonstrated on highly organized mesoporous TiO2 thin films made by supramolecular templating with amphiphilic triblock copolymer Pluronic[2]. Titanium dioxide can electrochemically ac...