Die Säurefällung der Serumproteine

Summary Diluted serum was treated with diluted acid. Between pH 7·8 and 6·5 a part of the globulines is precipitated whose composition changes in favour of the more rapidly migrating fractions with rising pH. Sera denaturated by heat are flocculated quantitatively and behave like one monodisperse protein also in electrophoresis and chromatography. This leads to the conclusion, other than after denaturation, that negative loads of native proteins possess different strengths of absorption toward H.

---

---

K. Simon, Exper.8, 55 (1952).     

Über die Oxydation ungesättigter Fettsäuren durch Pflanzensäfte

Summary Extracts from various parts, including root nodules, of different leguminous plants, and extracts from leaves of several other plants (belonging toSolanaceae andLabiatae) are able to accelerate efficiently the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids.     

Strukturabhängigkeit der Wirkung muscarinähnlicher Verbindungen

Summary Relations between structure and biological activity of some new analogues of muscarine are demonstrated. From the results a theory of cholinergic action and the structure of active acetylcholine, as well as the cholinergic receptor, may be developed.     

DNP-Aminosäuren

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Kälteeinfluss und Peptidase-Aktivität von Bakterien

Summary The effect of freezing on the peptidase activities of some bacteria and their cell-free enzyme preparations has been studied. Significant differences were found in the activity of peptidase and in their temperature coefficient.     

PTH-Aminosäuren

Summary Methods for the identification of DNP-and PTH-amino acids are improved by application of thin-layer chromatography using Kieselgel G. The advantages over paperchromatography are better resolution, increased sensitivity and time-saving.     

Technische Probleme der Hämoglobin-Elektrophorese im Stärkeblock

Summary A simple apparatus for starch block electrophoresis is described. The cooling element consists of a commercially available cold plate in metal.If oxyhaemoglobin is used, an error in measurement by the instability of the haemoglobin solutions can be reduced by adding small amounts of KCN, not only to the initial haemolysate, but also to the haemoglobin fractions which were eluted.

---

---

Die Arbeit wurde mit Hilfe eines Forschungsbeitrages des Schweizerischen Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung durchgeführt.

---

Wir danken Frl.L. Bargetzi für ihre technische Hilfe bei allen Untersuchungen.     

Chelate aus Diarylborinsäuren undβ-Ketosäureestern

Summary Diarylborinic acids form stable chelates with-keto acid esters. Borinic acids, when being synthetized, can be stabilized in compounds resulting from the combination with-keto acid esters. The chelates so formed are suitable—like the free borinic acids or their anhydrides—for further transformation. These chelates have several advantages in comparison with those formed with-amino ethanol.     

Mutation und Phänokopie bei Säugetier und Mensch

Summary The concept of phenocopy established byGoldschmidt in 1935 is critically studied and special emphasis is placed upon the problem of how to distinguish true and false phenocopies. A comparison is made with true and false genocopies, that means mimic mutations. Regarding a given character it is often hard to distinguish as far as man and mammals are concerned, whether it is caused by mutation or phenocopy. Although most of the abnormalities occur as hereditary as well as non-hereditary types, there are, however, hereditary defects that occur seldom and others that occur frequently as phenocopies; still other abnormalities are known as yet only as non-hereditary modifications. It is still impossible to give exact figures for the numerical relationship of single hereditary and non-hereditary abnormalities in man.In certain cases in man and animals there may be also an interaction of the gene and the phenocopying agent, the latter replacing the missing second allele of the gene in question in a heterozygotic individual. The question has to be examined whether in the case of horizontal inheritance, that means occurrence of the same character only in one sibship, a hereditary effect is only simulated with the same phenocopying factor continually in effect. Finally a method is given to determine the relationship of mutations and phenocopies of the retinoblastoma, a hereditary or exogenous caused highly malignant ocular neoplasm in man, a question very important to eugenics.

---

---

Dem PathologenRobert Rössle* zum 80. Geburtstag am 19. August 1956 gewidmet

---

Redaktionelle Anmerkung. Am 21. November 1956 ist Herr Prof.Rössle in Berlin verstorben. Die Experientia-Leser erinnern sich dankbar an seinen Aufsatz: «Warum sterben so wenig Menschen eines natürlichen Todes?» Exper.4, 295 (1948).

---

Nach einem Vortrag an der Universität Nagoya (Japan) am 17. September 1956.     

Komplex-Stabilität und tuberkulostatische Aktivität einiger 8-Oxychinolinderivate

Summary Based on polarographic viz. spectrophotometric determinations of the stabilities of several Cu⁺⁺- and Co⁺⁺⁺ hydroxyquinolin complexes it has been shown that a correlation exists between the quotient of complex-stabilitiesK _Co ⁺⁺⁺ /K _Cu ⁺⁺ and antitubercular activity (cf. table and graph). This supports the hypothesis that the 8-hydroxyquinolin derivatives and analogues act by competitive antagonism; the Cu⁺⁺-hydroxy-quinolates are able to replace Co in a prosthetic group of Mycobacterium-enzyme with Cu.

---

---

Vorgetragen an der Organisch-Chemischen Konferenz des Vereines ungarischer Chemiker, 27. September 1953.

---

III. Mitteilung: Acta chim. Hungarica (im Druck).     

Die Beeinflussung der Resorption von Radiocer aus einem intramuskulären Depot durch Diäthylentriaminpentaessigsäure

Summary It is shown in experiments on rats that the absorption of radiocerium from the site of an intramuscular injection and its excretion from the organism can be enhanced to a large extent by intraperitoneal administration of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid.     

Versuche zur Spezifität des Feinderkennens durch Trauerschnäpper

Summary Pied flycatchers (Ficedula h. hypoleuca) possess at least two releasing mechanisms for triggering the mobbing response to predators near the nest, namely for shrikes and for owls. This is demonstrated by the fact that body size, which was varied in dummy experiments, enters into these mechanisms differentially.

---

---

Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Spontane Transsulfuration zwischen organischen Thiosulfonsäuren und Sulfinsäuren

Summary Spontaneous transulfuration reactions between alaninethiosulfonic acid and hypotaurine, and between thiotaurine and cysteinesulfinic acid, have been demonstrated.     

Aktivitätsänderungen der Lactatdehydrogenase im Mäuseplasma durch Beimpfung mit virushaltigen Geschwulstfiltraten oder virushaltigen Gewebekulturen

Summary Inoculation of adult mice with filtrates of ascites-tumor Sa I and extracts of virus-inoculated tissuecultures of strain L-cells causes a significant and permanent increase of LDH in plasma of animals.

---

---

Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft     

Der erythrocytäre Magnesiumstoffwechsel bei intakter und kälteinhibierter Glykolyse

Summary Continuation of glycolysis in human erythrocytes by incubation of heparinized whole blood at 37°C is followed by a decrease in the Mg-content of red cells. On inhibition of glycolysis by cold (4°C), the Mg-content of erythrocytes remains unaltered or, often, slightly increases. These actions are in clear contrast to the behaviour of potassium ions under the same conditions.     

Purin- und Pyrimidinbasen der Desoxyribonukleinsäure des Ehrlichschen Mäuse-Ascites-Karzinomas

Summary The proportion of purines and pyrimidines in the DNA of the Ehrlich mouse ascites carcinoma is examined and compared with the base proportion of the DNA from liver and kidney of the normal mouse. The following findings were obtained: The DNA of the ascites tumor contains more guanine and less cytosine and thymine than the DNA of the normal mouse. For guanine this difference is statistically significant. The changed base compound is discussed with regard to the changed growing rate in tumors and the altered chromosome structure in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.

---

---

Durchgeführt mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Die Infektiosität des Ribonukleinsäureanteils von Maul- und Klauenseuche-Virus

Summary Using the phenol method described byGierer andSchramm, preparations of infective ribonucleic acid were prepared from tongue tissues of cattle infected with the virus of foot-and-mouth disease.     

Über den Umsatz von Anthranilsäure mit Brenztraubensäure

Summary Using series of different reactions it has been possible to demonstrate that the tricarboxylic acid arising from anthranilic acid and pyruvic acid has not the constitution I but is correctly represented by IV. Several derivatives of this tricarboxylic acid were shown to have formulae that are in sharp contrast to those found in literature.     

Untersuchungen zur intrazellulären Lokalisation der Renin- und Hypertensinase-Aktivität

Summary Experiments on kidney homogenates from rat and pig showed that 50% of the renin-activity was localized in the mitochondrial fraction. The mitochondria and microsomes together contained 10 times as much hypertensinase-activity as the supernatant fraction.     

Untersuchungen an Ionenaustauschmodellen zum Verständnis der Physiologie biogener Amine. Austauschversuche an einem schwefelsäuregruppentragenden Harz zum Verständnis von sogenannten Histaminliberationsvorgängen

Summary Mixtures of histamine and other basic substances as hydrochlorides were added in equivalent amounts to an acid ion exchange system containing SO₄-groups in the H⁺-form (Dowex 50 W × 2). After completion of the equilibrium, the amounts of both the free histamine and the competing substance were determined by potentiometric titration.Values are presented for the relative amounts of each substance which are retained by the resin.The results obtained show that histamine and a given competing substance are selectively distributed on the resin. The method may be useful as a test for the possible histamine-liberating capacity of biologically important substances.