超临界流体技术进行熔融肉豆蔻酸的微粉化

设计和搭建了一套能够进行熔融物制备固体微颗粒的实验装置,利用超临界CO2以及超临界N2制备肉豆蔻酸的超细微粒,研究预膨胀压力、预膨胀温度、喷嘴大小对颗粒大小以及粒径分布的影响.结果表明:在研究范围内,随着预膨胀压力(8～16 MPa)的增加,肉豆蔻酸颗粒粒径变小和粒径分布变窄;随着预膨胀温度(50～70℃)的增加,肉豆蔻酸颗粒粒径变大和粒径分布变宽;喷嘴大小(60～120μm)对肉豆蔻酸颗粒几乎没有影响;使用超临界CO2制备的肉豆蔻酸颗粒形貌为不规则形状,但颗粒可以方便地控制在0.5～2μm内;使用超临界N2制备的肉豆蔻酸颗粒形貌为球状,颗粒可以控制在0.5～20μm内.     

超临界抗溶剂雾化技术制备壳聚糖微粒

以超临界抗溶剂雾化技术(SAS-A)从壳聚糖的乙醇水溶液中制备壳聚糖微粒,探讨预膨胀压力、溶液流量和浓度等工艺参数对微粒粒径和粒径分布的影响.结果表明,以超临界CO_2流体为介质,预膨胀温度为50℃的条件下,采用SAS-A技术能制备得到壳聚糖球形微粒.通过改变操作条件可以控制微粒形态和大小:增大预膨胀压力,微粒平均粒径先增大,后稍减小;8 MPa下微粒分布最均匀;增大溶液流量或增大溶液中壳聚糖的浓度,微粒粒径变大,粒径分布变宽;升高溶液中乙醇的体积分数,易形成球形微粒;增大喷嘴直径,微粒粒径稍变大,分布更均匀.在研究的操作条件下获得的壳聚糖微粒粒径大小主要在0.5～5.0μm之间.红外分析表明壳聚糖微粒化前后,结构没有明显变化.     

压力对超临界流体技术制备药物微粒的影响

研究了压力对乙基纤维素空白微粒粒径，以及阿莫西林-乙基纤维素-卡波谱缓释、黏附微粒性能的影响．实验表明乙基纤维素空白微粒和药物缓释、黏附微粒的粒径均随压力的升高而减小，但药物微粒的载药量和释放度曲线随压力的变化不明显。     

气泡雾化喷嘴下游流场的特性分析

用Fluent软件对气泡雾化喷嘴下游不同截面雾化液滴的平均直径和速度分布进行了模拟计算.分析了雾化粒径与喷嘴直径、气液质量比、气体压力和液体流率之间的关系,以及雾化粒径和流动速度随喷嘴距离(轴向和径向)的变化规律.结果表明,雾化粒径与喷嘴直径之间呈近似正比关系,与气液质量比之间呈近似反比关系,而与气体压力和液体流率之间则存在最优匹配问题.随着喷嘴距离的增大,雾化粒径增大,而流动速度减慢.     

压力旋流喷嘴雾化特性的实验研究

通过激光粒度分析仪和高速摄像机对压力旋流喷嘴的雾化特性进行了实验研究,分析了不同喷雾压力及喷嘴孔径对雾粒索特尔平均直径(SMD)、雾粒运动速度和雾化角的影响。研究表明:雾粒SMD及雾化角不仅随喷雾压力的增大而减小,也随喷嘴孔径的减小而减小,同时,雾粒SMD在雾场轴向方向先增大后减小,最后趋于稳定;雾粒轴向运动速度不仅随着喷雾压力的增大而增大,也随喷嘴孔径及距离的增大而减小。     

气淬法粒化高炉渣实验研究

为了有效利用高炉渣余热,提高炉渣附加值,采用干式处理方法——气淬法,对高炉渣进行粒化,研究碱度和喷吹气体压力对成珠率、渣珠平均直径和粒径分布的影响规律.结果表明:成珠率随碱度的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,碱度1.2时获得最高成珠率;渣珠的平均直径随碱度的增加先减小后增大,碱度超过1.2后,平均粒径显著增大;随喷吹压力的增加,成珠率呈先增加后减小之后又增加的趋势,压力为0.2MPa时成珠率最高;渣珠平均直径基本呈逐渐减小趋势并且减小趋势变缓;渣珠粒径集中分布在1~2.5mm之间,基本呈正态分布,分布较均匀.     

维吾尔药材奶桃脂肪含量及脂肪酸组成研究

为研究维吾尔药材奶桃的脂肪含量及脂肪酸组成,采用索氏提取法对15批不同产地的奶桃药材进行了提取和脂肪含量测定,并通过GC-MS联用技术,分析了其脂肪油中脂肪酸组成及其相对含量.结果表明:奶桃中的脂肪含量在36.2%～72.7%,共检测出月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、羊脂酸、羊蜡酸、硬脂酸、花生酸7种脂肪酸.其中各脂肪酸平均含量为:月桂酸33.46%、肉豆蔻酸14.94%、棕榈酸12.09%、羊脂酸5.59%、羊蜡酸5.23%、硬脂酸2.61%,为奶桃的有效质量控制和利用提供了参考.     

进气富氧对直喷柴油机微粒排放粒径分布的影响

在一台增压中冷四冲程柴油机上进行进气富氧燃烧台架实验,用氧气流量阀和氧传感器控制进气氧浓度,用DMS500粒径分析仪检测排气粒径分布特性,研究进气富氧燃烧对柴油机排气微粒特性的影响.在稳态工况下,研究了进气氧体积分数分别为21%、22%、23%和24%时柴油机微粒排放质量浓度粒径分布、数量浓度粒径分布、几何平均直径、表面积浓度和体积浓度分布.实验结果表明:在固定工况下,随着进气氧浓度增加,积聚态微粒数量和质量浓度峰值明显降低,核态微粒数量浓度逐渐增加;微粒几何平均直径减小,小粒径微粒数量增多;微粒表面积浓度和体积浓度也随之降低.     

溶剂超临界CO2雾化萃取法制备乙基纤维素微粒的研究

通过溶剂超临界CO2雾化萃取法制得了乙基纤维素微粒．研究了溶液喷口流速、溶液浓度、温度、压力对颗粒粒径及其粒径分布的影响．结果表明，改变工艺参数，可在较大范围内调控微粒大小，所得微粒平均粒径为0．64～10．83μm．随着温度和溶液浓度的增加，颗粒粒径及其粒径分布增加；随着压力和溶液喷口流速的增加，颗粒粒径及其粒径分布减小．     

可调节双介质外混式喷嘴雾化特性的数值模拟

以采用蒸汽工质的某双介质喷嘴为研究对象,通过构建离散相模型,开展不同工况下的喷嘴雾化数值模拟计算,研究不同蒸汽入口压力与不同针阀开度对喷嘴雾化特性的影响。结果表明：雾化液滴的空间分布受喷嘴非对称进气结构的影响,在滚筒腔体内呈现非对称分布;雾化液滴粒径随空间位置变化显著,在雾化范围外部的液滴粒径最大,在雾化空间内部液滴粒径较小,约为1μm;随着蒸汽入口压力的增大,雾化液滴平均粒径减小;随着气液相对速度的增大,液滴最大粒径与平均粒径均减小,雾化效果显著改善。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has