生物反应器培养CHO细胞的生长与代谢研究

 在搅拌式生物反应器中,应用批培养、流加培养和灌流培养3种方法对CHO-k1细胞进行了培养.3种方法最大活细胞密度分别达到了2.0×10⁶,2.7×10⁶和9.6×10⁶mL^-1.对培养过程中葡萄糖和氨基酸及代谢产物氨和乳酸的动态变化进行了检测和分析.结果表明,CHO细胞对葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺的摄取以及氨和乳酸的产生与培养液中葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺的浓度正相关,培养过程中控制葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺的加入量能够明显降低氨和乳酸的产生,提高代谢效率,增加细胞产量.     

中国地鼠卵巢细胞培养上清中重组骨形态发生蛋白2的三步纯化法(英文)

骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP-2)是转化生长因子β(TGF-β)超家族的成员,在骨组织工程领域被广泛应用.如今,BMP-2的商业生产所受关注程度与日俱增.这里建立了一种方便且低成本的方法,将人重组骨形态发生蛋白2(rhBMP-2)从中国地鼠卵巢细胞系(CHO)培养上清中纯化出来.该方法由三步组成:肝素亲和层析,Q-Sepharose离子交换层析和SephacrylS-200凝胶过滤,得率约29%.从1L培养上清中能得到约0.26mg的纯度在95%以上的rhBMP-2成熟二聚体,并通过异位成骨实验组织学分析证实了其生物活性.因此,该方法在CHO培养上清中纯化rhBMP-2方面具有潜在的应用价值.     

A novel human lymphokine that inhibits haematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation

T lymphocytes in culture synthesize and secrete a variety of factors that activate and guide the differentiation, replication and maturation of haematopoietic cells in vitro. Malignant T-cell lines as well as T-cell hybridomas producing several of these factors have been established. We report here a factor produced by a human cell line that exerts a potent inhibitory effect on the growth of bone marrow progenitor cells. The properties of this factor, which we have termed colony-inhibiting lymphokine ( CIL ), differ from other inhibitors of haematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation, but resemble those of a T-cell-derived factor causally linked with some cases of severe aplastic anaemia in humans. Sensitivity of cells to this factor appears to correlate positively with expression of HLA-DR surface antigens.     

Expression of a transfected human c-myc oncogene inhibits differentiation of a mouse erythroleukaemia cell line

The Friend-virus-derived mouse erythroleukaemia (MEL) cell lines represent transformed early erythroid precursors that can be induced to differentiate into more mature erythroid cells by a variety of agents including dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). There is a latent period of 12 hours after inducer is added, when 80-90% of the cells become irreversibly committed to the differentiation programme, undergoing several rounds of cell division before permanently ceasing to replicate. After DMSO induction, a biphasic decline in steady-state levels of c-myc and c-myb messenger RNAs occurs. Following the initial decrease in c-myc mRNA expression, the subsequent increase occurs in, and is restricted to, the G1 phase of the cell cycle. We sought to determine whether the down-regulation is a necessary step in chemically induced differentiation. Experiments reported here indicate that expression in MEL cells of a transfected human c-myc gene inhibits the terminal differentiation process.     

Regulation of activin A in cell proliferation and hormone secretion by human normal trophoblast cells

Regulation of activin A in cell proliferation as well as hCG and progesterone secretion was investigated using primary cultured cytotrophoblast cells and normal placenta origin cytotrophoblast cell line-NPC cells in serum-free system. It was shown that activin A promoted hCG and progesterone secretion in primary cultured cytotrophoblast cells as well as progesterone secretion in NPC cells, while it had no effect on cell proliferation and hCG secretion in NPC cells. Important evidence is provided for the autocrine regulatory mechanism of activin A on hormone secretion in placental trophoblast cells at early pregnancy.     

Genistein inhibits human TNF-α-induced porcine endothelial cell adhesiveness for human monocytes and natural killer cells

Cellular immune response is a major barrier to xenotransplantation. Human tumor necrosis factor-α (hTNF-α) possesses cross-species activity and directly amplifies the immune rejection via the upregulation of adhesion molecules on porcine endothelium. We investigated the role of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in the induction of expression of E-sclectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and the augmentation of adhesion of human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMo) and natural killer cells (PBNK), after rhTNF-α-stimulation of porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) in vitro, rhTNF-α-increased adhesiveness of PAEC for both PBMo and PBNK was dose-dependently reduced by pretreatment of PAEC with the selective protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor genistein. The inhibitory effect occurred at the early time of PAEC activation triggered by rhTNF-α, and was completely reversible. PTK activity assay indicated that genistein also suppressed rhTNF-α stimulated activation of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) in PAEC in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis showed that genistein inhibited the upregulation of E-selectin and VCAM-1 by rhTNF-α. These results suggest that PTKs may regulate the expression of E-selectin and VCAM-1 on PAEC and the adherence of PBMo and PBNK induced by rhTNF-α. Moreover, dietary genistein, used as an adhesion antagonist, may contribute to managing the cell-mediated rejection in the clinical application.     

Parthenolide inhibits proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through induction of G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest

Objective: This study is to determine the effect of the natural product parthenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from extracts of the herb Tanacetum parthenium, on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Methods: Rat aortic VSMCs were isolated and cultured in vitro, and treated with different concentrations of parthenolide (10, 20 and 30 μmol/L). [³H]thymidine incorporation was used as an index of cell proliferation. Cell cycle progression and distribution were determined by flow cytometric analysis. Furthermore, the expression of several regulatory proteins relevant to VSMC proliferation including IκBα, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), p21, and p27 was examined to investigate the potential molecular mechanism. Results: Treatment with parthenolide significantly decreased the [³H]thymidine incorporation into DNA by 30%~56% relative to control values in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Addition of parthenolide also increased cell population at G₀/G₁ phase by 19.2%~65.7% (P<0.05) and decreased cell population at S phase by 50.7%~84.8% (P<0.05), which is consistent with its stimulatory effects on p21 and p27. In addition, parthenolide also increased IκBα expression and reduced Cox-2 expression in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion: Our results show that parthenolide significantly inhibits the VSMC proliferation by inducing G₀/G₁ cell cycle arrest. IκBα and Cox-2 are likely involved in such inhibitory effect of parthenolide on VSMC proliferation. These findings warrant further investigation on potential therapeutic implications of parthenolide on VSMC proliferation in vivo.     

Dual regulatory effects of resveratrol on activation of NF-kB and cell proliferation in human embryonal kidney 293 cells

Resveratrol (3,4 ,5-trihydroxystilbene, Res), a naturally occurring polyphenol, was first detected in grapevines (Vinis vitifera) in 1976[1]. It is also found in various fruits, vegetables and some other plants. It is abundant in grapes and the root of Polygonum cuspidatum, which is an im-portant constituent of traditional Chinese medicine. The concentration of Res in red wine reaches 2×10?6―4×10?5 mol/L. Res has been shown to have antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory effect, estrog…     

Amplification of specific DNA sequences correlates with multi-drug resistance in Chinese hamster cells

Mammalian cells selected for resistance to certain cytotoxic drugs frequently develop cross-resistance to a broad spectrum of other drugs unrelated in structure to the original selective agent. This phenomenon constitutes a major problem in cancer chemotherapy. Multi-drug resistance arises from decreased intracellular drug accumulation, apparently due to an alteration of the plasma membrane. The observation of double minute chromosomes or homogeneously staining regions in some of the multi-drug-resistant cell lines suggests that gene amplification underlies this phenomenon. We have used the technique of DNA renaturation in agarose gels to detect, compare and clone amplified DNA sequences in Adriamycin- and colchicine-resistant sublines of Chinese hamster cells. We show that both Adriamycin- and colchicine-resistant cells contain amplified DNA fragments, some of which are amplified in both of these independently derived cell lines. Furthermore, loss of the multi-drug resistance phenotype on growth in the absence of drugs correlates with the loss of amplified DNA. These results strongly suggest that the DNA sequences which are amplified in common in multi-drug-resistant cell lines include the gene(s) responsible for a common mechanism of multi-drug resistance in these cells. We have cloned one of the commonly amplified DNA fragments and show that the degree of amplification of this fragment in the cells correlates with the degree of their drug resistance.     

Tumour necrosis factor alpha stimulates resorption and inhibits synthesis of proteoglycan in cartilage

During inflammatory reactions, activated leukocytes are thought to produce a variety of small proteins (cytokines) that influence the behaviour of other cells (including other leukocytes). Of these substances, which include the interleukins, interferons and tumour necrosis factors (TNFs), interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been considered potentially a most important inflammatory mediator because of its wide range of effects. In vivo it is pyrogenic and promotes the acute phase response; in vitro it activates lymphocytes and stimulates resorption of cartilage and bone. Cartilage resorption is a major feature of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, and IL-1 is the only cytokine hitherto known to promote it. TNFs are characterized by their effects on tumours and cytotoxicity to transformed cells, but share some actions with IL-1. I report here that recombinant human TNF alpha stimulates resorption and inhibits synthesis of proteoglycan in explants of cartilage. Its action is similar to and additive with IL-1, and it is a second macrophage-derived cytokine whose production in rheumatoid arthritis, or inflammation generally, could contribute to tissue destruction.     

氯化锂对MGC803细胞增殖及细胞周期的影响

研究氯化锂(LiCl)在体外对MGC803胃癌细胞增殖及周期的影响,以不同浓度的LiCl作用MGC803细胞24 h后,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法检测各组细胞的增殖活性,利用流式细胞术进行细胞周期分析.结果:①不同浓度的LiCl(10、20、40 mmol/L)均对MGC803细胞具有抑制增殖的作用,这种增殖抑制作用呈剂量依赖关系.②随着LiCl浓度的升高,发生G2/M期阻滞,与正常对照组相比,差异具统计学意义.说明LiCl能抑制MGC803胃癌细胞增殖和导致G2/M期阻滞.     

Expression of active human factor IX in transfected cells

Factor IX is the precursor of a serine protease that functions in the intrinsic blood clotting pathway. Deficiencies in this plasma glycoprotein result in haemophilia B (or Christmas disease) and occur in about 1 in 30,000 males. Patients are currently treated with fresh frozen plasma or prothrombin complex concentrates prepared from pooled plasma from normal individuals. There are several problems with this method of treatment, including the probable exposure of the patients to contaminants such as the viral agents responsible for hepatitis and AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). As a first step towards an alternative source of pure human factor IX, we report here on the use of recombinant DNA techniques to produce biologically active factor IX in cultured mammalian cells. Stable cell lines were produced by cotransfecting a baby hamster kidney (BHK) cell line with a plasmid containing a gene for factor IX and a plasmid containing a selectable marker. Protein secreted by these cell lines reduces the clotting time of plasma from factor IX-deficient patients. We present additional evidence that this protein is authentic human factor IX.