鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)H52疫苗株S1基因的克隆与序列测定

根据国外已发表的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)S1基因序列。设计了一对引物并以RT-PCR特异性扩增出IBV H52疫苗株的S1基因，基因产物大小为1．62kb，与设计相符，对其进行序列测定后，与其他标准毒株H120，M4l，BEAU株的S1基因进行同源性比较，结果表明，H52株与H120，M41和BEAU株的核苷酸序列的同源性分别为91．1％，96．9％和96．8％，由此可以看出，IBVH52疫苗株与标准毒株在Sl基因上具有高度的同源性。     

水稻黑条矮缩病毒基因组组分10编码的外壳蛋白基因的克隆及表达

从我国山东发病的玉米材料中提取水稻黑条矮缩病毒 ,抽提病毒RNA ,经RT PCR ,克隆了编码外层外壳蛋白的基因组组分 10 (S10 )的cDNA ,并进行了序列测定 .与已报道的日本株和湖北等地的S10进行了序列同源性比较 .结果表明 ,与日本株的同源性为 92 % ,与湖北等地的同源性在 97%～ 98%之间 .将该序列构建到pGEX 3X表达载体中 ,经IPTG诱导 ,表达了分子质量约为 76ku的GST融合蛋白 .经亲和层析纯化和Western印迹分析 ,证实了该基因以可溶性的GST融合蛋白形式在原核中表达 .     

SARS相关冠状病毒及与动物冠状病毒的关系

比较了6株人、5株禽、4株鼠、7株牛、2株猫、9株猪、4株犬和5株人非典型肺炎共42株冠状病毒S糖蛋白基因序列。DNAstar软件比较表明，人冠状病毒S基因核苷酸序列同源性介于27．2％～99．5％；禽的介于81．5％～100％；鼠的介于79．5％～89．6％；牛的介于97．7％～100％；猫的介于56．2％～93．9％；猪的介于54．8％～100％；犬的介于64．9％～98．8％；人非典型肺炎病毒的介于99．9％～100％。非典型肺炎冠状病毒与所有比较的42株序列的同源性均低于30．8％，预示该病毒似乎不是其它病毒株变异进化的结果，而是人类和畜禽从未接触过的一种新型病毒。     

一株野生鹧鸪源冠状病毒主要结构基因进化特性分析

从野生禽类鹧鸪的喉气管拭子中分离到1株冠状病毒，命名为Partridge/GD/S14/2003（简写为S14）.通过RT-PCR扩增、克隆测序获得了该毒株的全基因组序列（AY646283），序列经DNAstar分析发现，S14毒株与肾型毒株JX1-99，TJ2-96 S1基因同源性最高，分别达到94.6%和93.4%，并且该毒株的S1基因还和QXIBV，LX4株也存在高度亲缘性，分别达到85%和84.3%，同时对S14 S1基因BLAST时发现只有上述毒株和S14有高度同源.由此推测该鹧鸪分离株S14的进化可能与IBV肾型和腺胃型病毒存在一定关系.序列分析表明，S14毒株与GenBank中注册序列QXIBV，LX4的S2基因同源性最高分别达到97.2%和90.6%，都处于Ⅱ群.M基因系统进化树研究发现，S14处于Ⅲ群，与SAIB20，GD698同源性最高，分别达到90.6%和90.2%；而与其S1，S2基因同源较高的BJ，QXIBV株，M基因的进化关系却较远.N基因同源性和系统进化树分析发现，Ⅰ群毒株可能为H52和Gray株发生重组的结果，Ⅱ群毒株可能为H120和D1466等毒株重组的结果，而S14株处于Ⅲ群，其N基因与QXIBV高度同源，达到95.7%，Ⅳ群为肾型分离株.而与其M基因亲缘性最近的SAIB20，GD698则分处Ⅰ，Ⅳ进化群.     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒M41及疫苗株H52,H120 S1基因的克隆与序列测定

根据国外已发表的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)S1基因序列,设计了一对引物并以RT—PCR特异性扩增出IBV标准强毒株M41和疫苗株H52,H120的S1基因,基因产物大小为1．62kb,与预期相符,对其测定序列后,同源性比较显示M41株与H52,H120的核苷酸序列的同源性分别为99．2％和97．1％,推导的氨基酸序列的同源性分别为98．3％和95．4％,该结果表明IBV M41与疫苗株H52,H120在S1基因上具有高度的同源性。     

呼伦贝尔市啮齿动物携带汉坦病毒的基因分型研究

为了研究内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市啮齿动物中汉坦病毒(HV)的型别及携带病毒情况,采用间接免疫荧光法(IFA)检测鼠肺中HV抗原,用RT-PCR法扩增阳性标本中HV的S(620~999nt)片段,使用clustalX(1.83)以及Phylip3.63构建系统发生树进行分型研究。结果表明,在呼伦贝尔市HFRS疫点共捕获啮齿动物185只,在7份鼠肺样品中检测到HV抗原,其中6只为黑线姬鼠,1只为大林姬鼠,病毒携带率为3.78%。扩增到其中6份HV抗原阳性样品中S片段(620~999nt),分析获得的序列表明与现有的HTNV有最高的同源性,均为HTNV。其中NAa90、NAa118、NAa121和NAp137这4株病毒与分离自黑龙江黑线姬鼠的Bao14株分在同一分支,与病毒的亲缘关系最近,而NAa78、NAa100这2株病毒构成另一分支,与A9株的同源性为94.5%~95.5%,用部分M(2001~2301nt)片断的核苷酸序列构建的系统进化树与S片段的结果一致。结论:呼伦贝尔市的黑线姬鼠与大林姬鼠携带不同亚型的HT-NV,表现出HTNV在同一地区的遗传多样性。     

貉源犬瘟热病毒昌黎株的分离鉴定及其H基因序列分析

为了解河北省毛皮动物犬瘟热病毒的流行及遗传变异情况,采用Vero细胞从具有犬瘟热临床症状的貉肺脏样品中分离出一株病毒,经过间接免疫荧光、RT-PCR和动物回归试验等鉴定,分离的病毒为犬瘟热病毒(CDV),命名为CDV CL14株。对该病毒血凝蛋白H基因进行克隆测序和遗传进化分析表明,CDV CL14分离株属于Asia-1型,为我国的流行毒株,H基因核苷酸及其编码氨基酸序列与我国流行毒株有较高的同源性,其中核苷酸同源性最高的为He B(09)1株和LN-13-1株,同源性同为99.1%,而氨基酸同源性最高的为LN-13-1株,同源性为99.3%。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒变异株的分离鉴定及其S基因序列分析

为分析山东省2016年上半年猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)流行株变异情况,用Vero细胞从仔猪临床腹泻样品中进行病毒分离,通过细胞病变(CPE)观察、聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法、免疫荧光(IFA)试验、电镜观察、动物回归试验和测序分析,分离鉴定1株PEDV毒株(SDMY1401株).将该毒株进行S基因序列分析和遗传进化分析,结果表明该毒株为PEDV流行变异株.该毒株S基因核苷酸序列与山东省分离株CH-SDZC-2015和河南省分离株CHHNAY-2015同源性最高为99.4%,与疫苗毒株CV777同源性为94%.遗传进化分析表明该毒株与经典毒株DR13、疫苗毒株CV777及以前国内分离毒株在不同分支.     

日本脑炎病毒(JEV)内蒙古分离株M73-1E基因的5′端克隆及部分序列分析

根据国外报道的 JEV( Japanese encephalitis virus)基因组全序列 ,针对 JEV E基因 5′端设计合成一对特异引物 ,以日本脑炎病毒内蒙古分离株 M73-1 RNA为模板 ,经 RT-PCR扩增 ,获得 366bp的 JEV E基因 c DNA片段 .将此片段重组于质粒 p UC1 9中 ,并转化大肠杆菌DH5α.经 PCR扩增 ,酶切及序列分析 ,结果表明 JEV M73-1 5′端 1 2 6个核苷酸序列与 JEV日本 Nakayama株和 Ja OAr S982株的同源性分别为 96.8%和 96.8% ,氨基酸序列同源性均为 99.2 % .通过对病毒基因组结构分析从分子水平上进一步证实了 1 973年在呼和浩特市流行的脑炎是由 JEV引起的流乙脑炎 .E基因编码 JEV的囊膜糖蛋白 ,是其重要表面抗原 .JEV M73-1 E基因 5′端克隆和部分序列分析对 JEV的分子生物学研究、建立分子生物学诊断技术以及基因工程疫苗的研制均具有重要学术意义和实际价值     

两株产人参皂苷糖苷酶酵母菌株的18S rDNA和ITS序列分析

对两株产人参皂苷糖苷酶的酵母菌株进行核糖体18S rDNA和ITS序列克隆测定,获得了长度分别为1 477和1 478 bp的18S rDNA序列和长度分别为791和727 bp的ITS序列,对获得的基因序列进行比对及同源性分析,结果显示,两株酵母菌的18S rDNA序列的相似性达100%,而ITS序列的相似性则为66%,均与NCBI数据库中登录的啤酒酵母的相应序列同源性最高.从GenBank中选取部分不同种属的酵母菌ITS序列,以ITS为对象构建系统发育树,从分子生物学角度确定了两株酵母菌为酵母菌属的不同种类.     

Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus: A new proposed <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fijivirus</Emphasis> species in the family <Emphasis Type="Italic">Reoviridae</Emphasis>

For the past several years, a novel dwarf disease has been observed on rice （Oryza sativa） in some regions of Guangdong Province and Hainan Province, southern China. Infected plants showed stunting, dark leaf and small enations on stem and leaf back. Typical Fijivirus viroplasma containing crystalline arrayed spherical virons approximately 70--75 nm in diameter and tubular structures were detected in ultrathin sections by an electron microscope in parenchyma phloem cells of the infected plants. The virus was transmitted to rice seedlings by white-backed planthoppers, Sogatella furcifera （Hemiptera： Delphacidae）, collected in the diseased fields. Analysis of dsRNA extracts from infected plants revealed ten linear segments, which were similar to the electrophoretic profile of Rice black-streaked dwarf virus （RBSDV）. RT-PCR with a single primer which matched to a linker sequence ligated to both 3＇ ends of the viral genomic dsRNAs resulted in amplification of genome segments 9 （S9） and 10 （S10） cDNA products. The complete nucleotide sequences of S9 and S10 were obtained from clones of the RT-PCR amplicon exhibited characteristic properties of Fijivirus including low GC content （34.5% and 35.6%）, genus conserved 5＇ and 3＇ termini sequences and similar genome organization. Blast searches indicated that the sequences of S9 and S10 shared 68.8%--74.9% and 67.1% --77.4% nucleotide identities with those of viruses in the Fijivirus group 2, respectively. These values were similar to those among other viruses in the Fijivirus group 2 and considerably lower than those among RBSDV isolates. Phylogenetic trees based on S9 and S10 nucleotide sequences and their putative amino acid sequences showed that this virus represented a separate branch among other Fijiviruses. The virus was also detected by a nested RT-PCR assay in corn （Zea mays）, barnyard grass （Echinochloa crusgalll）, Juncellus serotinus and flaccidgrass （Pennisetum flaccidum） in and/or adjacent to the infected rice fields. I     

沙田柚花柱S-糖蛋白的纯化和N-端序列测定

以人工自花授粉3d后的沙田柚（Citrus grandis var.Shatinyu Hort.）花柱为材料,切取1/2部位处花柱组织,匀浆后,进行抽提和硫酸铵盐析,得到35%级分的蛋白质粗提液,此液经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测,显示出9条蛋白质带;经ConA-Sepharose4B亲和柱层析,特异峰（S^#）仅显示1条蛋白质带,恰好是35%级分中近正极端的2种蛋白质中的一种最优势蛋白质;部分生化性质测定结果表明,该蛋白质为碱性糖蛋白,糖含量为9.2%,由2个亚基组成,相对分子质量分别为38.0ku,32.0ku,等电点分别约为7.5,7.2;生物活性测定结果表明,该蛋白质能抑制离体（in vitro)萌发自花花粉花管的生长;氨其酸序列分析表明,32.0ku组分N-端15个氨基酸序列与矮牵牛,花烟草等的N-端相应序列极相似。     

Cloning and expression of the Chinese wheat mosaic virus RNA2 coat protein readthrough and 19 ku cysteinerich domains and localization of these proteins

The 5′-terminal (RTn) and 3′-terminal (RTc) halves of the coat protein readthrough domain and the 19 ku cysteine-rich protein of Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) were amplified by RT-PCR, cloned and expressed in E. coli. Antisera and monoclonal antibodies against these proteins were prepared by immunising these purified proteins to mice. Detection of RTn, RTc and 19 ku proteins in CWMV infected wheat sap and leaf tissue indicated that the RTn and RTc proteins were distributed on the surface of virus particles whereas the 19 ku protein was in the cytoplasm of the infected wheat cells.     

鸡白细胞介素-2在毕赤酵母中的表达

将鸡白细胞介素-2(ChIL-2)基因插入酵母分泌型表达载体pPIC9K 构建重组表达载体pPIC9K/ChIL-2,通过电转化构建毕赤酵母(Pichia methanolica)GS115 甲醇利用型重组表达菌株.经SDS-PAGE与Western blot分析,证实ChIL-2基因在重组GS115中成功表达出约16 ku与14 ku两条特异性条带,这与天然ChIL-2相对分子质量大小一致,提示ChIL-2可能为糖基化蛋白质.     

Effects of antisense CENP-Bon the proliferation of HeLa (Tet-off) cells

In order to study the change of the expression of centromere protein B (CENP-B) caused by anfisense tcansfection, proto-eukaryotically expressed fused protein GST-CENP-B (65 ku) was injected into mouse, and a peculiar anti-CENP-B serum MaCenpB was collected. A strain of transfected HeLa Tet-off cell HaCb, which contains antisense CENP-B expressing vector pBI-EGFP-as-CenpB, was prepared. Northern blot and Western blot were used to analyze the repression of internal CENP-B in transfected cells. According to the growth curve, the proliferation of HeLa (Tet-off) is repressed by antisense CENP-B, and the multiplication time is prolonged for 32.81 h. The analysis of flow cytometry revealed that, compared with HeLa (Tet-off), the G1 cell population of HaCb is increased (△G1 = 9%) while S fraction is decreased (△S = 11%), but the G2/M phase is nearly unchanged (△G2/M=3%). In the meanwhile, the mitotic index of HaCb declines greatly compared with that of HeLa (Tet-off). Immunofluorescence showed that the assembling of centromeres in HaCb cell is arrested. These results suggest that a normal expression of CENP-B may be necessary for cell proliferation.     

纤维素酶液中β-葡萄糖苷酶的分离纯化

通过(NH4)2SO4分级沉淀、HiPrep 26/10 Desalting脱盐柱、Source15Q阴离子交换柱、Source 15 S阳离子交换柱、HiTrap 16/60 Sephacryl S 200 HR凝胶过滤等技术,分离纯化3种来源里氏木霉、黑曲霉、里氏木霉与黑曲霉混合纤维素酶液中的β-葡萄糖苷酶。结果表明,经SDS PAGE电泳鉴定均为电泳纯,测得黑氏木霉、黑曲霉单独培养β-葡萄糖苷酶相对分子质量分别为68、129 ku,而混合菌培养分离得到两种β-葡萄糖苷酶分子质量大小分别为66.2、134 ku。与单独培养的β-葡萄糖苷酶相似。3种来源的β-葡萄糖苷酶经多步分离纯化后的纯化倍数分别为37.25、40.21、30.12,酶活回收率分别为20.1 2%、23.21 %、28.56 %。     

不同脱乙酰度和分子质量的壳聚糖的抑菌性能

通过壳聚糖的抑茵实验和几种壳聚糖最低抑茵浓度的测定,比较了相同脱乙酰度不同分子质量以及分子质量相近但脱乙酰度不同的壳聚糖对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌、大肠杆菌和假单胞菌的抑茵性能．结果表明：脱乙酰度相同、分子质量为400～800ku的壳聚糖,其抑茵能力随分子质量的增加而增强;而分子质量相近（均在430ku左右）、脱乙酰度不同（分别为68．4％,75．3％,83．6％和93．7％）的壳聚糖对上述4种细菌的抑茵能力差别不大;在pH值为5．5～6．0左右的条件下,壳聚糖具有最强的抑茵能力;实验条件下的壳聚糖对4种细菌都有较强的抑制作用,总体看来,壳聚糖对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用最强,而对大肠杆菌的抑制作用相对较弱;实验条件下的壳聚糖对上述4种细菌的抑制作用普遍比苯甲酸钠强．     

Two virus-encoded RNA silencing suppressors, P14 of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus and S6 of Rice black streak dwarf virus

Functional analysis for gene silencing suppressor of P14 gene of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus and S6 gene of Rice black streak dwarf virus was carried out by agro- infiltration with recombinant vectors of Potato virus X. The phenotype observation of green fluorescent protein (GFP)expression and Northern blot showed that the gene silencing of gfp transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana induced by homologous sequence was strongly suppressed by the immixture infiltration of either the P14 or the $6. In the suppressed plants, the gfp mRNA accumulation was higher than that in the non-suppressed controls and the symptoms caused by PVX infection became more severe, especially the gfp DNA methylation of plant genome was significantly inhabited when co-infiltrated with RBSDV S6 gene. These results suggested that these two virus genes were potentially to encode for proteins as RNA silencing suppressors.