Structural changes in glycogen phosphorylase induced by phosphorylation

A comparison of the refined crystal structures of dimeric glycogen phosphorylase b and a reveals structural changes that represent the first step in the activation of the enzyme. On phosphorylation of serine-14, the N-terminus of each subunit assumes an ordered helical conformation and binds to the surface of the dimer. The consequent structural changes at the N- and C-terminal regions lead to strengthened interactions between subunits and alter the binding sites for allosteric effectors and substrates.     

Widespread changes in protein synthesis induced by microRNAs

Animal microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by inhibiting translation and/or by inducing degradation of target messenger RNAs. It is unknown how much translational control is exerted by miRNAs on a genome-wide scale. We used a new proteomic approach to measure changes in synthesis of several thousand proteins in response to miRNA transfection or endogenous miRNA knockdown. In parallel, we quantified mRNA levels using microarrays. Here we show that a single miRNA can repress the production of hundreds of proteins, but that this repression is typically relatively mild. A number of known features of the miRNA-binding site such as the seed sequence also govern repression of human protein synthesis, and we report additional target sequence characteristics. We demonstrate that, in addition to downregulating mRNA levels, miRNAs also directly repress translation of hundreds of genes. Finally, our data suggest that a miRNA can, by direct or indirect effects, tune protein synthesis from thousands of genes.     

强子物质中重子离解XcJ截面的研究(英文)

在组分夸克交换模型中，从Buchmueller-Tye势出发得到夸克－夸克间的作用势，并应用这个作用势计算了强子物质中重子离解xcJ的截面，给出了主要反应道的截面对重子和粲偶素质心系能量的依赖。     

基于灰色关联分析的高阶神经网络剪枝算法

在综合分析网络纵向、横向灰色关联分析特点的基础上提出了一种新的基于灰色关联分析的剪枝算法,并将其用于训练高阶神经网络.该算法运用灰色关联分析对比网络各节点输出值序列之间联系的紧密程度,用网络纵向灰色关联分析确定剪枝连接,再用网络横向灰色关联分析确定相应的并枝连接,实现网络结构的动态修剪.训练后的高阶神经网络具有合理的网络拓扑结构和较好的泛化能力.实验验证了该算法的合理性、有效性.     

小麦异源多倍体中亲本基因组相互作用产生快速基因组变异的ISSR标记分析

通过ISSR标记分析,研究了异源多倍体基因组的进化现象.结果表明,基因组组成和普通小麦相同的人工合成异源六倍体小麦,在形成早期发生了迅速、广泛、以非随机性为主的基因组变化,包括遗传变异--主要表现为序列变异和表观遗传变异--主要表现为DNA甲基化变异.而且异源六倍体小麦中来自父本的基因组比来自母本的基因组发生了更多的遗...     

大鼠压力性左室肥大及其逆转的超微结构改变

目的：为探讨压力性左肥厚心肌细胞的逆转情况。方法：采用Ｇｏｌｄｂｌａｔ大鼠血管性高血压动物模型,造成压力性左室肥大。用切除缩窄肾的方法使发生高血压的动物血压降对正常,左室的压力负荷减轻,肥大的左室发生逆转。用体视学方法定量分析心肌细胞内肌原纤维与线粒体所占体积在肥大的与逆转过程的相对变化,探讨心肌细胞内能量产生与消耗这两个相关因素的关系。结果：严重肥大的心肌细胞经过与过度负荷等时段的降压去负荷治疗     

温度诱导非连续液-液结构转变--液态物质新的物理图像

长期以来,合金成分-温度相图的液相线(TL)以上区域被视为均一的液相区,即传统平衡热力学理论所指的均匀液体.关于液体结构和性质对温度的关系,传统理论一直认为从TL到液-气临界点为连续渐变;然而,近年来的研究却观察到了不同于上述传统理论的新的物理图像;一些合金熔体在高于TL数百度的温度范围,可发生温度诱导液-液转变(TI-LLST),即熔体结构及诸方面性质随温度发生非连续的变化.     

Physiological and ultralstructural changes of Chlorella sp. induced by UV-B radiation

IncreasesinsolarUV Bradiation(280—315nm)reachingtheEarth’ssurfaceduetostrato sphericozonedepletionhaveraisedconcernsabout UV Bimpactonplants[1].Themarinephytoplank ton,whichisthebaseoftheaquaticfoodchain,is veryimportantonourplanetandproducesaboutthe samebiomassasallterrestrialplantstakentogether.Moreover,anychangestothesizeandcompositionof phytoplanktoncommunitieswilldirectlyaffectfood productionforhumansfrommarinesources.Another importantroleofmarinephytoplanktonisthatthe photosynthesis…