可重构智能面辅助的低精度量化大规模MIMO系统的信道估计

针对可重构智能面辅助的低精度量化的大规模多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output, MIMO)系统中信道估计问题进行了研究。该系统的信道估计难点在于可重构智能面由近无源反射天线构成, 没有基带信号处理能力。系统观测值通过低精度的模数转换器量化使信道估计问题变得更富挑战性。本文基于基站-可重构智能面-用户的级联信道推导出等效信道, 并证明在虚拟角域上,该有效信道是结构稀疏信号。提出了基于期望最大化的近邻学习广义近似消息传递算法,从低精度量化的观测值中恢复等效信道。仿真结果表明所提出算法比传统算法具有更好的性能表现。     

大规模MIMO系统中分布式压缩感知LMMSE信道估计

大规模多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)系统中,信道估计算法复杂度随着基站侧天线数量的增加而急剧增加,针对需要在信道估计算法复杂度与算法性能之间进行折中的问题,提出分布式压缩感知线性最小均方误差(distributed compressed sensing linea...     

系统平均性能测度的稳健估计

研究离散事件仿真中系统平均性能测度θ的估计问题，建立了θ的一种新的估计量—切尾均值．研究表明，这种估计在某些非正态分布中优于传统的估计量—样本均值，并具有稳健性．通过仿真实验对两种估计量进行了评价和比较，并讨论了在正态分布情形中使用切尾均值估计的损失．     

一种用于CDMA系统的快速信道估计方法

信道估计是CDMA系统中的关键技术 ,涉及到对用户信号传播信道的幅度、相位和延时的估计。提出了对一个进入CDMA系统的新用户进行快速最大似然多径信道参数估计的方法。实验结果对比表明 ,本方法捕获性能好 ,且捕获的速度更快     

一种快速高效的无线信道实现方法

提出了一种快速高效的基于IIR滤波器的无线信道实现方法。根据所需生成信道功率谱,IIR滤波器在频域用LMS(最小均方)算法进行优化设计,这种方法适用于任意的功率谱;通过线性内插和抽取,可实现任意带宽的时变无线信道。仿真表明在Clarke均匀散射Rayleigh信道假设下,新方法的二阶统计特性与传统无线信道生成方法如SOS(正弦波叠加)、FFT滤波以及AR滤波法等完全一致,但新方法的滤波器阶数可以做到很低,因此具有快速高效的优点。另外,提出的方法适合非均匀散射环境的信道设计,文章最后讨论了新方法在非均匀散射环境的仿真实现。     

一种基于估计理论的ISAR超分辨成像方法

针对逆合成孔径雷达(inverse synthetic aperture radar, ISAR)成像中给定合成孔径长度下方位向匹配滤波脉冲压缩输出的主瓣分辨率随雷达至等效阵列距离变化这一难题,基于线性系统理论,通过目标方位向回波信号的等效建模,提出了一种基于最小均方估计理论的超分辨成像方法。不同于传统基于谱估计的超分辨成像方法,该方法利用对目标系统方位向冲击响应的估计信号进行成像,因而能够完全消除雷达至等效阵列的距离对方位向分辨率的影响。仿真实验证实了该方法的有效性。     

基于MMSE估计的全极化雷达自适应脉冲压缩

针对同时极化测量体制雷达发射波形自相关和互相关特性相互制约的矛盾,提出了一种基于最小均方误差估计的全极化雷达自适应脉冲压缩方法,其核心思想是通过初始化滤波器得到各距离单元散射系数的先验信息,并结合对应极化通道的回波信号,根据贝叶斯原理估计得到每个距离单元的自适应滤波器,在分离各极化通道回波信号的同时实现脉冲压缩。通过设置典型的仿真场景,从检测概率和目标极化散射矩阵估计的均方误差两个方面分析了自适应脉冲压缩算法的性能。仿真结果表明,该算法能有效地抑制邻近距离单元的干扰和不同极化通道之间的互扰,比标准匹配滤波器更好地实现全极化雷达脉冲压缩。     

基于线性最小均方误差估计的SAR图像降噪

针对合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar, SAR)图像降噪过程中容易引起细节纹理信息损失的问题,该文结合SAR图像相干斑噪声的统计特性,提出了一种基于变换域系数线性最小均方误差(linear minimum mean-square error, LMMSE)估计的SAR图像降噪方法。首先通过SAR场景下的Kmeans聚类算法将相似图像块聚类;然后针对每一类相似图像块集合进行奇异值分解(singular value decomposition, SVD),得到同时包含图像块集合行列相关信息的含噪奇异值系数;为从含噪奇异值系数中更准确地估计出真实图像奇异值的系数,先通过加性独立信号噪声(additive signal-dependent noise, ASDN)模型将乘性噪声转化为加性噪声,再利用LMMSE准则对奇异值系数进行估计,最后将估计结果重构得到降噪后的图像块集合。实验结果表明,该方法充分利用相似图像块集合奇异值系数稀疏的特性,采用LMMSE准则估计奇异值系数,既保证了系数中噪声分量的去除又避免了图像纹理细节对应小系数的丢失,不仅去噪效果明显,同时能有效地保持图像纹理细节,具有良好的图像视觉效果。     

TD-SCDMA中结合块判决反馈和状态减少的序列估计的联合检测算法

将一个称之为块判决反馈的概念引入了TD-SCDMA的联合检测之中.基于该概念,提出了一种简单版本的和一种高性能的联合检测算法.该简单版本的联合检测算法与传统方法相比,性能相仿然而复杂度大大降低.该高性能检测器结合了块判决反馈和状态减少的序列估计算法,比传统方法复杂度略高然而大大提高了检测性能.该简单版本的联合检测算法适合于在移动终端上实现,高性能版适合于在基站实现.两种算法的性能都得到了仿真验证.     

OFDM水声通信中基于压缩传感的稀疏信道估计

针对正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM)水声通信中常规的最小均方（least square, LS）信道估计方法需要大量训练导频且得不到较高估计精度的问题,提出了一种基于压缩传感原理的OFDM稀疏水声信道估计方法。该方法首先以正交短时傅里叶基构成的训练波形为OFDM的导频来“感知”信道,然后利用压缩传感技术的稀疏重构算法来对信道进行重构。〖JP2〗基于实测水声信道的仿真结果表明,在相同估计精度前提下,基于压缩传感的信道估计方法较常规的LS算法所需训练导频数得到大幅度减小,传输效率得以提高,且对噪声的鲁棒性增强,较好地适应了双扩展稀疏水声信道,尤其适用于动平台OFDM水声通信系统。     

Mobile channel estimation for MU-MIMO systems using KL expansion based extrapolation

In multi-user multiple input multiple output(MU-MIMO) systems,the outdated channel state information at the transmitter caused by channel time variation has been shown to greatly reduce the achievable ergodic sum capacity.A simple yet effective solution to this problem is presented by designing a channel extrapolator relying on Karhunen-Loeve(KL) expansion of timevarying channels.In this scheme,channel estimation is done at the base station(BS) rather than at the user terminal(UT),which thereby dispenses the channel parameters feedback from the UT to the BS.Moreover,the inherent channel correlation and the parsimonious parameterization properties of the KL expansion are respectively exploited to reduce the channel mismatch error and the computational complexity.Simulations show that the presented scheme outperforms conventional schemes in terms of both channel estimation mean square error(MSE) and ergodic capacity.     

Optimal training sequences for MIMO systems under correlated fading

The optimal design of training sequences for channel estimation in multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） systems under spatially correlated fading is considered. The channel is assumed to be a block-fading model with spatial correlation known at both the transmitter and the receiver. To minimize the channel estimation error, optimal training sequences are designed to exploit full information of the spatial correlation under the criterion of minimum mean square error （MMSE）. It is investigated that the spatial correlation is helpful to decrease the estimation error and the proposed training sequences have good performance via simulations.     

SC-FDE系统中基于UW的联合信道估计均衡算法

针对基于特殊字(unique word, UW)帧结构的单载波频域均衡(single carrier frequency domain equalization, SC-FDE)系统提出一种联合信道估计噪声预测最小均方误差-残留码间干扰消除(minimum mean square error-residual intersymbol interference cancellation, MMSE-RISIC)均衡算法。该算法包括噪声预测MMSE-RISIC均衡算法与基于UW的噪声消除时域信道估计算法, 并将频域均衡算法与信道估计算法相结合。最后,利用华北地区300 km的9径散射链路参数进行仿真, 结果表明基于UW的噪声消除时域信道估计算法较基于UW的时域信道估计算法总体性能有所提高, 当误码率为10^-2时信噪比大约有1.2 dB的性能增益; 联合信道估计噪声预测MMSE-RISIC均衡算法相比改进MMSE-RISIC均衡算法性能也有提高, 当误码率为10^-2时信噪比大约有3.2 dB的性能增益。     

引入阈值和判决指导的DFT信道估计算法

针对传统的基于离散傅里叶变换（discrete Fourier transform, DFT）的信道估计算法中滤噪性能不够理想的问题,提出了一种在正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM)系统中引入阈值和判决指导的DFT信道估计算法,采用阈值法对噪声进行两次降噪处理。仿真结果表明,该算法在高信噪比和低信噪比下均可提高信道估计的性能,其归一化均方误差(normalized mean square error, NMSE)指标优于传统算法。     

Adaptive compensating method for Doppler frequency shift using LMS and phase estimation

The novel compensating method directly demodulates the signals without the carrier recovery processes, in which the carrier with original modulation frequency is used as the local coherent carrier. In this way, the phase offsets due to frequency shift are linear. Based on this premise, the  compensation processes are: firstly, the phase offsets between the base band neighbor-symbols after clock recovery are unbiasedly estimated among the reference symbols; then, the receiving signals symbols are adjusted by the phase estimation value; finally, the phase offsets after adjusting are compensated by the least mean squares (LMS) algorithm. In order to express the compensation processes and ability clearly, the quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation signals are regarded as examples for Matlab simulation. BER simulations are carried out using the Monte-Carlo method. The learning curves are obtained to study the algorithm’s convergence ability. The constellation figures are also simulated to observe the compensation results directly.     

基于不完美信道估计的闭环MIMO-MRC跨层设计

为提高无线通信网络的频谱效率,提出了一种MIMO-MRC(multiple-input multiple-output-maximal ratio combining)跨层设计方案。该方案是联合物理层的自适应调制技术(adaptive modulation, AM)和数据链路层的自动重传技术(automatic repeat request, ARQ)交互协作,发射端利用估计信道信息反馈,自适应调节调制模式,选择最优发射权矢量和自动重传发射数据。分析了估计误差对MIMO-MRC跨层系统的影响,给出了MIMO-MRC系统在信道估计存在误差时的频谱效率和中断概率的闭合表达式。通过仿真实验证明,对比SISO(single-input single-output)跨层系统和Alamouti’s跨层系统,MIMO-MRC跨层系统的性能有明显提高,可获得约3 dB的分集增益。     

Blind channel estimation for multiple antenna OFDM system subject to unknown carrier frequency offset

The problem of channel estimation for multiple an- tenna orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） systems subject to unknown carrier frequency offset （CFO） is addressed. Multiple signal classification （MUSIC）-Iike algorithm, which generally has been used for direction estimation or frequency estimation, is used for channel estimation in multiple antenna OFDM systems. A reduced dimensional （RD）-MUSIC based algorithm for channel estimation is proposed in multiple antenna OFDM systems with unknown CFO. The Cramer-Rao bound （CRB） of channel estimation in multiple antenna OFDM systems with unknown CFO is derived. The proposed algorithm has a superior performance of channel estimation compared with the Capon method and the least squares method.