废旧线(电)路板低温环境下冲击强度试验研究

为了解决废旧线路板在常温下韧性强、难破碎的问题,对线路板在不同低温环境下的冲击强度进行试验研究并对冲击强度值随温度变化规律进行了分析.试验结果表明,废旧线路板的冲击强度在低温环境下总体呈现出逐步减小的趋势,在-30℃附近基本达到最小值,且冲击强度值仅为常温下的一半左右.冲击强度的大幅降低,对于以冲击为主要方式的细碎作业是非常有利的.研究结果表明低温处理对于降低废旧线路板细碎过程中的能耗有显著的效果.     

废旧电路板低温改性研究

介绍了电路板的组成和类型，重点研究了废旧电路板在低温状态下冲击强度、弯曲强度和剪切强度的改性变化。实验结果表明，冲击强度和剪切强度在-30℃时变化明显。在此基础上进行了粗碎实验和细碎实验，先使用ZKB-2型双辊式剪切破碎机将电路板破碎到20mm×20mm的块状，测试在低温状态下的功耗并计算其生产能力，在-30℃～-10℃范围内，生产能力可提高约17％，再降低温度会使产品质量受到影响。然后使用R型冲击破碎机对废旧电路板进行细碎实验，将物料破碎到3mm以下，并记录在不同工况下的参数。实验结果表明在-30℃左右平均功率下降得较快，冷却5min对低温改性最有利。     

预埋增强介质对玻璃纤维复合材料低温弯曲性能的影响

针对低温飞行环境下玻璃纤维增强塑料(glass fiber reinforced plastic,GFRP)可能出现的弯曲断裂问题,对预埋增强介质的GFRP层合板低温弯曲性能进行研究.首先,制备层间预埋碳纳米管薄膜和碳粉薄膜的GFRP层合板;其次,进行低温环境下的三点弯曲试验,并通过分析弯曲应力-应变曲线得出:低温环境...     

环氧树脂混凝土路用性能研究

着重介绍环氧树脂结合料的性能及ERC的路用性能,针对钢桥的受力和变形特性,进行了环氧树脂结合料性能试验研究(包括强度测试、弯曲变形能力测试和抗紫外线老化性能测试)和ERC的路用性能研究(包括强度试验、高温车辙试验、低温弯曲试验和温缩试验).结果表明:新环氧树脂胶黏剂不仅在常温和中温下有足够的强度,低温下也具有良好的韧性,使铺装材料具有良好的热稳定性和低温变形能力,抗老化能力优良;ERC具有抗压强度高、低温变形能力强、高温抗车辙能力好等优点,是一种强度高、路用性能好的材料,可作为桥面的铺装层或路面表面层.     

废旧轮胎橡胶改性沥青混合料路用性能

 废旧轮胎堆积造成“黑色污染”已成为世界各国普遍面临的环境问题,为了有效利用废旧轮胎,解决橡胶粉作为改性剂的难点,采用3种不同剂量的废旧橡胶轮胎粉(CR7、CR10、CR13)作为改性剂,研究其对基质沥青AH-70物理特性和动态流变特性的影响,矿料级配采用AC-13型,对这4种沥青混合料进行马歇尔试验、车辙试验、劈裂试验、低温弯曲试验测定,分析橡胶粉掺量对沥青性能的影响。试验结果表明,橡胶粉的加入有效提高了沥青高温性能、水稳定性和低温性能,综合得出,CR10改性沥青混合料比AH-70、CR7和CR13沥青混合料具有更好的路用性能。研究成果为废旧橡胶轮胎用于公路建设的再生利用,提供理论参考和借鉴。     

低温条件下废旧晶硅光伏组件破碎实验研究

为绿色、高效回收废旧光伏组件,本文以废旧晶硅光伏组件为原料,对废旧太阳能电池板的破碎工艺进行研究,并通过多组重复性实验对背板玻璃去除率进行了表征。结果表明：一级破碎试样适用小型机械回收,尺寸偏小的试样在低温条件下去除背板及铝条的效果更好,一级破碎试样光伏玻璃呈放射状开裂,裂片呈不规则四边形;根据破碎实验确定最优破碎尺寸为78 mm×78 mm。表征结果表明：冷冻-二级破碎工艺光伏玻璃回收率高于常规破碎(85%)的回收率,冷冻后去除背板110°破碎光伏玻璃去除率达到99.6%,同时可以回收银栅及汇流带金属。一级破碎-冷冻-二级破碎回收方法能有效提高废旧晶硅光伏组件的回收效率,对保护生态环境具有一定的现实意义。     

聚醚砜改性环氧树脂低温力学性能研究

采用自制聚醚砜与环氧树脂反应,合成了改性环氧树脂,结合DSC,SEM及FT-IR等手段,研究了不同聚醚砜含量的改性环氧树脂在低温下(-50℃)的力学性能。研究表明:聚醚砜对环氧树脂固化温度影响不明显;低温下,聚醚砜含量升高,环氧树脂拉伸强度及弯曲强度先增加后降低,当聚醚砜含量为40%时,改性环氧树脂在低温下的拉伸强度及弯曲强度最高,分别为114.42 MPa及193.76 MPa。     

线路板的ICP研究及其资源化处理

介绍了印刷线路板的种类及主要制造工艺、及对环境产生的危害,并使用ICP(高频电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪)对废旧线路板(以显卡为例)含有的金属成分进行了定量分析,发现其中含量较多的金属为Ni、Pb、Cu、Al、Ba。进而论述了废旧印刷线路板的资源化处理技术,其中机械分离法具有一定的优越性。     

橡胶颗粒粒径对砂土抗剪强度的影响

随着汽车工业的飞速发展,由此产生的废旧轮胎数量将会激增,废旧轮胎的处理不当会对环境产生不利影响。将废旧轮胎加工成橡胶颗粒并与砂土掺和成为混合土,与单一砂土填料比较,混合土具有自重轻、强度高的特点,可作为路基、码头、储油库等填筑工程的填料。通过直剪试验研究废旧轮胎橡胶颗粒粒径对砂土抗剪强度的影响,分析了砂土改良后的抗剪强度变化特征。试验结果表明:在10%掺量条件下,2~4 mm粒径的废旧轮胎橡胶颗粒与砂土混合,可以显著提高砂土的抗剪强度;2~4 mm粒径的废旧轮胎橡胶颗粒与砂土混合,可以增大砂土的内摩擦角;然而掺入粒径小于0.5 mm的废旧轮胎橡胶颗粒,砂土的内摩擦角随掺量的增加逐渐减小。     

温拌再生沥青混合料的温度控制方法及路用性能

为解决温拌再生沥青混合料(WMRA)设计与施工过程中的温度控制问题,提出了掺入Sasobit的WMRA的拌和与成型温度、新集料加热温度的确定方法,对WMRA和热拌再生沥青混合料(HMRA)进行Marshall试验、浸水车辙试验、低温弯曲试验和水稳定性试验,对比分析WMRA和HMRA的空隙率(VV)和路用性能。研究结果表明:提出的方法能够准确计算WMRA的拌和温度、成型温度和新集料加热温度;当再生利用废旧沥青路面材料(RAP)掺配比例较小且降低13℃成型时,WMRA与HMRA具有接近的空隙率,说明Sasobit的降温幅度约为13℃,能提高RAP的掺配比例近10.3%;与HMRA相比,WMRA具有更优的高温稳定性,具有相近的低温弯曲应变、残留稳定度和冻融劈裂强度比;WMRA和HMRA高温稳定性和低温抗弯拉强度均随着RAP比例的提高而增加,而低温弯曲应变、残留稳定度和冻融劈裂强度比均随着RAP比例的提高而降低。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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