合作机会对企业战略合作参与者地位影响的分析

在企业间的战略合作中，结盟双方的相对地位对最终利润分配有很大影响。笔者借助博弈分析方法研究外部合作机会对企业在即将参加的联盟中的地位的影响，阐明了结盟双方各自所拥有的达成合作的机会对对影响以及对合作利益分配的重要意义，发现面临合作机会较多的企业将在联盟中具有较高地位，也能从合作行为中获取较多的利益。结合笔者以前考察企业对合作的迫切程度等内部因素对企业在联盟中地位影响的研究，就可以比较完善地描述企业进行战略联盟合作时所体现的合作伙伴间的地位差异性。     

渠道管理中的厂商与分销商的博弈分析

分销渠道管理中生产厂商与分销商的良好合作是进行优势互补、提高渠道竞争力和适应市场变化的有效手段。通过对生产厂商与分销商合作交易特征介绍和交易条件的假设，基于相互之间合作的关系建立混合博弈模型，并进行分析，找出影响双方合作关系的因素和实行稳定作的条件；然后，进一步对生产厂商与分销商的长期合作进行有限次重复博弈分析，找出影响双方合作关系的条件，最后，根据推论分析的结果，指出生产厂商与分销商建立良好的合作关系应采用的策略。     

电子商务中信用模式选择的博弈分析

电子商务是一种新的经营理念和商务模式,信用是制约电子商务进一步发展的主要瓶颈。在电子商务中交易者选择何种信用模式是虚拟市场中交易双方相互博弈的结果。完全信息下的静态博弈和动态博弈结果表明:电子商务交易者的双方交易决策是相互影响的,交易一方对另一方的交易行为都会做出积极的反应,买方的选择往往决定卖方的选择;动态博弈时。卖方选择诚实信用模式的必要条件为是诚实信用模式的长期收益大于或等于欺诈信用模式的短期收益,卖方选择何种信用模式的临界点是卖方诚实信用模式的短期收入与社会平均投资利润率的比值。     

基于MAS的改进的囚徒困境模型研究

通过对传统博弈模型的分析,针对其效率低的Nash平衡解,提出了具有激励机制的改进的“囚徒困境”模型。改进模型包括两个阶段,第一个阶段双方要独立给出用于激励对方合作所支付的成本,第二个阶段双方根据修改后的收益矩阵进行博弈。详细分析了改进模型,并应用基于MAS的建模方法进行了建模仿真。理论分析和仿真结果均表明,在改进博弈模型中采取合作策略的百分比高于传统博弈模型中采取相同策略的百分比,系统收益输出具有Pareto效率,影响收益输出的主要因素是双方提供的支付成本大小。     

基于票价策略的民航和高铁演化博弈分析

从出行时间和费用角度,利用Logit模型刻画民航与高铁的客流分担率以及它们的收益和损失,据此建立基于票价策略的民航和高铁动态竞争和合作演化博弈模型,根据双方特征,求解双方4种博弈策略的5个均衡点,并进行了稳定性分析。最后,以京哈通路为例,探讨不同博弈选择策略初始概率的动态演化结果差异。研究表明：当民航和高铁的双方收益没有达到期望时,它们初始合作概率的增加越快,则其最终策略演化为合作的速度越快;民航和高铁双方改变策略的关键因素在于超额收益,当它们的收益及分配比例增加促使双方选择合作策略时,其保持长期稳定合作有助于客运市场的发展平衡。     

高校与教师在教材选用过程中的博弈分析

高校教材选用工作直接关系到高等教育质量。在教材选用过程中需研究高校与教师这两个选用主体之间的行为影响因素，以分析影响教材选用质量的原因。高校教材选用也是一种博弈，可以看作双方按照理性经济人假设而采取各自行动，存在一定程度的“利益”诉求差异，双方发生了合作基础上的博弈。可以运用博弈论思想以及构建的数学模型来分析博弈过程，并以此为理论依据，找到提高教材选用质量的方法和途径。     

不完全信息下集装箱班轮装卸费三阶段讨价还价博弈模型

为研究集装箱班轮承运人与港口方在装卸费率上的讨价还价过程,根据鲁宾斯坦森三阶段轮流出价的讨价还价博弈思想,构建在不完全信息下班轮承运人和港口之间关于装卸费用的讨价还价博弈模型,模拟双方谈判过程,对模型进行求解分析,获得双方在不同出价顺序下最终的收益结构.分析结果表明,双方的最终收益取决于心理压力、出价顺序以及对对方底线价的预估.最后,给出各方在不同出价顺序下的博弈策略.     

产业技术创新联盟信任机制研究 ——基于博弈分析的视角

运用博弈论相关知识,对产业技术创新联盟中企业与高校及科研院所双方的信任合作进行了一次性博弈和无限次重复博弈分析,在此基础上,引入政府这个外在环境因素,阐述了政府的介入对于企业和高校双方信任博弈的影响.分析结果显示,一次性博弈中,企业和高校都会选择“不信任”的帕累托低效均衡解;无限次重复博弈,企业和高校都会选择“信任”的帕累托最优均衡解,双方均走出了一次性博弈时的困境;而政府的介入,对于联盟成员具有非常显著的约束力,会影响博弈双方的策略选择.针对产业技术创新联盟在合作过程中存在的由于缺乏信任导致的联盟效率低、失败率高、稳定性不足等诸多问题,健全产业技术创新联盟内的信任机制对整个产业技术创新联盟高效运转至关重要.应当从法律基础建设、信用评价体系构建、政府介入等方面促进产业技术创新联盟信任机制的建立与完善.     

基于信用的重复博弈模型在节点转发中的应用

机会网络信息转发决策中,由于节点的自私性可能出现通过欺诈表现而故意导致转发决策失败的问题,并由此带来损益表的明显变化。针对这一现象,提出了基于信用合作和重复博弈的欺诈行为解决方案。在引入信用合作机制的基础上,将单次阶段博弈行为转变为其生命周期和全局网络内的重复博弈过程。通过惩罚机制和信用机制,将欺诈节点单次欺诈行为收益与惩罚周期的巨大损失相比较,迫使博弈节点在博弈过程中仔细权衡其欺诈行为可能带来的损益比,从而减少欺诈行为的可能,提高机会网络中信息转发过程的成功率。仿真实验结果表明,该方法可显著提高节点博弈过程中的诚信度和合作率。     

对环境犯罪控制对策的博弈分析

在博弈框架下对司法部门和环境犯罪行为者之间的惩治——破坏行为机理进行了分析，依据不同的假设前提，建立了单阶段和多阶段的博弈模型，得出了博弈双方的均衡战略及关键因素对博弈均衡的影响，并据此提出了惩治和控制环境犯罪的对策建议。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that