利用改进的自组织网络进行地震属性分析

自组织神经网络结合地震属性技术往往被用于进行地震相的自动识别,但在实际应用中存在着一些问题难以解决：如神经网络的分类识别能力问题、怎样选取地震属性、怎样解决自组织聚类的有序映射等。对Kohonen自组织网络进行了部分改进,并利用灵敏属性分析技术来解决地震属性的选择问题,最后结合自组织聚类参数利用RBF网络对储层参数进行预测,较为有效地提高了地震多属性储层预测精度。     

地震属性分析技术在储层预测中的应用

以广西百色地区子寅油田为例 ,介绍了地震属性分析技术及其在该油田储层预测中的应用。地震属性分析技术包括 :①借助于各种数学分析方法 ,从地震数据中拾取隐藏其中的有关岩性和储层物性的多种属性 ;②采用基于RS(粗集 )理论的地震属性优化技术 ;③结合工区内测井资料的解释成果进行储层参数转换 ,并根据各种地震属性及其储层参数预测结果进行储层综合评价。实际资料的应用表明 ,地震属性分析技术是油田滚动勘探开发的一种有效技术 ,其研究成果为油田开发提供了可靠的依据。     

地震属性分析技术在储层预测中的应用

以广西百色地区子寅油田为例，介绍了地震属性分析技术及其在该油田储层预测中的应用。地震属性分析技术包括：①借助于各种数学分析方法，从地震数据中拾取隐藏其中的有关岩性和储层物性的多种属性；②采用基于RS(粗集)理论的地震属性优化技术；③结合工区内测井资料的解释成果进行储层参数转换，并根据各种地震属性及其储层参数预测结果进行储层综合评价。实际资料的应用表明，地震属性分析技术是油田滚动勘探开发的一种有效技术，其研究成果为油田开发提供了可靠的依据。     

非线性方法在储层参数平面分布预测中的应用

根据神经网络、非参数回归等非线性方法的基本原理 ,对储层参数平面分布进行了预测。结果表明 ,神经网络方法能够根据井点储层参数观测数据与井旁道地震属性之间的内在联系 ,通过自学习功能 ,建立起储层参数与地震属性间较为复杂的关系 ,适应性很强。但该方法对井点储层参数及地震属性的质量要求较高 ;而非参数回归方法不必事先知道储层参数和地震属性之间的关系 ,可以避免由于模型假设与实际情况的偏差而产生的错误预测。该模型包罗广 ,适用面宽 ,能够有效地反映地震属性与储层参数间较为复杂的关系 ,在油气预测以及油藏描述中将会有广阔的应用前景。     

砂泥岩地层概率神经网络岩性反演技术应用研究

概率神经网络是一种基于概率密度函数理论的神经网络,能够广泛地应用于模式识别等领域.针对地震岩性反演预测问题,提出了一种具体的概率神经网络方法,包括网络模型的构造和预测识别步骤等.研究区主要目的层为沙溪庙组沙一段湖滩砂及河道砂体,储层单层厚度小,岩性横向变化较大,利用地震资料进行常规储层预测较困难.为此,根据该区储层的测井响应特征、地震属性特征与地质岩性特征的相关性,利用概率神经网络方法对地震属性数据做变换,从而对地层特征进行预测识别.     

应用地震多属性反演与随机模拟技术预测砂体展布——以川西丰谷构造须四段为例

针对丰谷构造须四段储层具有埋深大、物性差、砂泥岩速度差异小等特点,综合采用基于神经网络的地震多属性反演与基于地质统计学的随机模拟进行砂体展布预测.该方法在目标曲线预分析和井震标定的基础上,首先根据地震属性与目标曲线的相关性,对地震属性进行排序与优选;然后通过概率神经网络训练,寻找目标曲线与多种地震属性的非线性关系,得到目标曲线的反演数据体;最后以反演体为约束条件,通过随机模拟的方法建立砂岩百分含量模型,完成砂体的井间预测.应用结果表明.该方法可以有效地减少砂体预测的多解性、提高砂体预测的精度,较为客观地展现各期砂体的空间分布以及相互叠置关系,具有一定应用价值.     

碳酸盐岩风化壳储层的地球物理预测方法

针对碳酸盐岩风化壳储层埋藏深、横向变化大、非均质性强、成藏条件复杂的特点,应用地震属性综合分析技术、三维地震相干体分析技术、频谱分解技术、三维可视化技术等多种技术,综合分析了塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩风化壳储层的各种地震属性特征,研究了一套预测碳酸盐岩风化壳储层分布规律的方法。该套综合分析方法避免了单项技术分析的多解性,可以提高同类油气藏储层预测的精度,从而降低钻探风险。这种方法是可行的,可以在一定程度上预测碳酸盐岩风化壳储层发育有利区域。     

非线性方法在储层参数平面分布预测中的应用

根据神经网络、非参数回归等非线性方法的基本原理，储层参数平面分布进行了预测。结果表明，神经网络方法能够根据井点储层参数观测数据与井旁道地震属性之间的内在联系，通过自学习功能，建立起储层参数与地震属性间较为复杂的关系，适应性很强。但该方法对井点储层参数及地震属性的质量要求较高；而非参数顺归方法不必事先知道储层参数和地震属性之间的关系，可以避免由于模型假设与实际情况的偏差而产生的错误预测。该模型包罗广，适用面宽，能够有效地反映地震局性与储层参数之间较为复杂的关系，在油气预测以及油藏描述中将会有广阔的应用前景。     

概率神经网络技术在地震岩性反演中应用

针对研究区目的储层单层厚度小和储层岩性横向变化较大情况,为了解决利用地震资料进行常规储层预测反演较困难问题,采用概率神经网络方法,讨论了网络模型的构造和预测识别等步骤。根据该区储层的测井响应特征、地震属性特征与地质岩性特征的相关性,利用概率神经网络方法对地层特征进行预测识别,研究结果表明:在实际资料处理中取得了好的应用效果。研究成果对油田勘探开发具有一定的指导意义。     

段六拨油田深层砂岩储层的预测

段六拨油田砂岩储层具有埋藏深、地震反射信号弱和非均质性强的特点。针对这种特点，一是采用地震层拉平技术和全三维解释技术，进行构造精细解释，以此为基础，分析砂岩储层发育的有利部位；二是利用波阻抗反演、约束测井反演等地震属性参数进行储层有效性分析；三是利用模式识别预测含油性。为分析有利储层的分布提供可靠的方法和技术。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with