Behavior and endocrine effects of 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine in male mice

Summary Effects of single doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg of TMA given i.p. were noted in male albino mice after 40 min and 2 1/2 h. Locomotor activity was significantly altered and biochemical tests indicated stimulatory effects on adrenocortical and adrenomedullary functions due to TMA.     

Post-weaning differential housing and testosterone secretion in male mice

Summary The effect of different densities of animals per cage on basal testosterone secretion and its response to some stimuli was studied in prepuberal male mice. Mice housed with 110 or 55 cm² of floor space per animal showed the same basal serum testosterone and hCG-induced testosterone release. Likewise, in a second experiment, the same basal serum testosterone and a similar response to acute noise stress were found in mice housed at 132, 66 or 22 cm² of floor space per animal. These results suggest that post-weaning crowding did not affect Leydig cell function in male mice.     

Blood glucose and liver glycogen content in male whirler mice

Résumé Des Dosages biochimiques du glucose sanguin et du glycogène hépatique chez des souris mâles homozygotes tourneurs ont montré une diminution nette des taux de glucose sanguin et de glycogène hépatique chez ces animaux comparés à ceux d'animaux heterozygotes issus d'une même portée phenotypiquement normaux.     

Frequency of the various stages of the seminiferous epithelium in different strains of male mice.

The duration of the various development stages of the seminiferous epithelium in different strains of male mice was determined by scoring the frequency distribution in randomly selected tubule cross-sections. The results obtained show a difference in the duration of the various stages between the different strains.     

Reduced fertility in male mice following treatment with niridazole

Zusammenfassung Nach einmaliger i.p.-Injetion von 700 mg/kg Niridazol wurden männiiche Mäuse wiederholt mit unbehandelten Weibchen wöchentlich über 2 Monate hinweg gepaart und die Ova gesammelt. Es konnte eine starke Herabsetzung der Befruchtungsraten 3–4 Wochen nach Paarung festgestellt werden, was die Annahme einer Wirkung auf die meiotische Teilung der Spermatozyten und Spermatiden nahelegt. Nach der 7. Woche trat eine Normalisierung der Fruchtbarkeitsrate ein.

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This work was supported by NIH Grants No. C-6516 and No. FR 05526 and by the Environmental Protection Agency Contract No. CPA-70-17.     

Plasma protein and free fatty acid levels in male whirler mice

Résumé Des analyses électrophorétiques d'échantillons de plasma sanguin de souris tourneuses mâles, homozygotes et hétérozygotes ont montré des taux de protéines plasmatiques totales nettement inférieurs chez les homozygotes. Bien que diverses fractions globuliniques soient nettement diminuées, les taux d'albumine furent sensiblement plus élévés chez le mutant homozygote.     

Deciduogenic effects of mediators of the polyphosphatidylinositol pathway in pseudopregnant mice.

Intraluminal injections (15 microliters) of either concanavalin A (125 micrograms) or ionophore A 23,187 (0.01 mumol) induced a decidual cell reaction (DCR) in the uterus of day 4.5 pseudopregnant mice. However, when these agents were administered in different combinations with each other or with CaCl2 (15 mumol) and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (1.6 nmol), interacting effects occurred to either enhance or inhibit each of the others' independent deciduogenic capacities. The results suggest that the polyphosphatidylinositol pathway and Ca2+ are involved in the induction of the DCR in mice with complex interactions occurring between the active components of the pathway to modulate the outcome of the transformation process.     

Effects of submandibularectomy and castration on thymus and spleen weights in male mice

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences - Submandibular-sublingualectomy of male mice did not result in thymic hyperplasia or potentiate the thymic hyperplasia which occurs after castration....     

Opposite effects of vasotocin injected intrapituitarly and intraventricularly on corticotropin release in mice.

A single injection of 10 pg synthetic arginine vasotocin into the pituitary significantly potentiated adrenal hypertrophy produced in male mice by unilateral adrenalectomy, whereas the same concentration injected into the 3rd ventricle produced adrenal atrophy.     

Function of Nanos2 in the male germ cell lineage in mice

Nanos is known as an evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding protein, the function of which is implicated in germ cell development. This includes the maintenance of both the primordial germ cells (PGCs) and germline stem cells. In mice, Nanos2 exhibits a unique feature in which its expression is induced only in the germ cells within the sexually determined male gonad. Nanos2 promotes male germ cell differentiation, while simultaneously suppressing a female program. In addition, Nanos2 is also expressed in the spermatogonial stem cells and functions as an intrinsic factor to maintain the stem cell population during spermatogenesis. Detailed cytological and biochemical analyses in embryonic male gonads in the mouse have revealed that Nanos2 localizes to the P-bodies, a center of RNA processing. It has also been shown that the Nanos2 interacts with protein components of the deadenylation complex involved in the initial step of the RNA degradation pathway.     

Regulation of male sex determination: genital ridge formation and Sry activation in mice

Sex determination is essential for the sexual reproduction to generate the next generation by the formation of functional male or female gametes. In mammals, primary sex determination is commenced by the presence or absence of the Y chromosome, which controls the fate of the gonadal primordium. The somatic precursor of gonads, the genital ridge is formed at the mid-gestation stage and gives rise to one of two organs, a testis or an ovary. The fate of the genital ridge, which is governed by the differentiation of somatic cells into Sertoli cells in the testes or granulosa cells in the ovaries, further determines the sex of an individual and their germ cells. Mutation studies in human patients with disorders of sex development and mouse models have revealed factors that are involved in mammalian sex determination. In most of mammals, a single genetic trigger, the Y-linked gene Sry (sex determination region on Y chromosome), regulates testicular differentiation. Despite identification of Sry in 1990, precise mechanisms underlying the sex determination of bipotential genital ridges are still largely unknown. Here, we review the recent progress that has provided new insights into the mechanisms underlying genital ridge formation as well as the regulation of Sry expression and its functions in male sex determination of mice.     

On the in vitro behaviour of mouse submaxillary gland cells. II. Metabolic differences between male and female C3H mice

Summary Submaxillary gland cells from female C3H mice were isolated, cultivated in vitro and their metabolic properties compared with those of male derived cells. From the results it can be concluded that these cells retain their metabolic differences when grown in vitro.This work was supported by grant No. CT 73.00642.04 from the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.), Roma, Italy.