亚固溶温度热处理对GH720Li难变形高温合金γ′相的影响

对难变形镍基高温合金GH720Li进行了亚固溶处理、亚固溶+单时效(650℃,24 h→空冷)或双时效处理(650℃,24 h→空冷+760℃,16 h→空冷)以及870℃时效3000 h条件下γ′相演变规律的研究.发现一次γ′相受亚固溶处理影响较大,发生部分回溶的程度随固溶温度升高而增大,时效处理使一次γ′相向球形或近球形转变;二次和三次γ′相在亚固溶保温过程中完全回溶,在时效处理时补充析出明显且析出数量和区域随固溶温度升高而增大;870℃长期时效时,合金组织逐渐均匀,二次和三次γ′相完全回溶,晶界一次γ′相时效500 h后有所粗化,合金硬度先降低而后保持不变.     

新型钴基高温合金γ和γ′相行为的热力学分析

采用热力学分析方法,对新型钴基高温合金Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr多元系中γ′相的析出规律进行了研究,分析了合金元素Ni,Al,W在γ和γ′相间的分配行为,阐述了Ni在γ和γ′相间的分配系数对合金强化效果的影响规律.结果表明:合金元素Ni明显提高γ′相热力学稳定性,随Ni含量的增加,γ′相的成分范围扩大,定存在温度提高,说明Ni有利于提高Co-Al-W基高温合金的高温性能;计算分析了合金元素在γ和γ′相间分配行为及其对合金强化的影响规律.探明Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr合金中x(Al)/x(W)对合金元素Ni的分配系数KγN′i/γ影响较大,当Al,W原子分数比值为2.60时,KγN′i/γ达到最...     

Thermodynamic Analysis of γ and γ＇ Phases in New-Type Co- Based Superalloy

采用热力学分析方法,对新型钴基高温合金Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr多元系中γ′相的析出规律进行了研究,分析了合金元素Ni,Al,W在γ和γ′相间的分配行为,阐述了Ni在γ和γ′相间的分配系数对合金强化效果的影响规律.结果表明：合金元素Ni明显提高γ′相热力学稳定性,随Ni含量的增加,γ′相的成分范围扩大,定存在温度提高,说明Ni有利于提高Co-Al-W基高温合金的高温性能;计算分析了合金元素在γ和γ′相间分配行为及其对合金强化的影响规律.探明Co-Ni-Al-W-Cr合金中x（Al）/x（W）对合金元素Ni的分配系数KγN′i/γ影响较大,当Al,W原子分数比值为2.60时,KγN′i/γ达到最大.所获结果为研发新型钴基高温合金提供了数据支持.     

亚固溶温度热处理对 GH720Li 难变形高温合金γ相的影响

对难变形镍基高温合金 GH720Li 进行了亚固溶处理、亚固溶+单时效(650℃,24 h→空冷)或双时效处理(650℃,24 h→空冷+760℃,16 h→空冷)以及870℃时效3000 h 条件下γ相演变规律的研究。发现一次γ相受亚固溶处理影响较大,发生部分回溶的程度随固溶温度升高而增大,时效处理使一次γ相向球形或近球形转变;二次和三次γ相在亚固溶保温过程中完全回溶,在时效处理时补充析出明显且析出数量和区域随固溶温度升高而增大;870℃长期时效时,合金组织逐渐均匀,二次和三次γ相完全回溶,晶界一次γ相时效500 h 后有所粗化,合金硬度先降低而后保持不变。     

合金元素对新型镍基粉末高温合金的热力学平衡相析出行为的影响

通过热力学平衡相计算方法,系统研究了某新型镍基粉末高温合金时效温度下合金元素对热力学平衡相析出行为的影响.计算结果表明:René104合金析出的主要平衡相为γ′、MC、M23C6、M3B2和TCP相.Cr和Co含量主要影响TCP相的析出行为及γ′相的析出温度,Cr含量对M23C6和M3B2的析出行为有一定的影响,Cr的建议质量分数为13%;Mo和W含量影响TCP相和M3B2的析出行为.质量比Al/Ti和Nb/Ta影响γ′相的析出行为,建议控制Al/Ti和Nb/Ta比平衡,以使γ′相起到理想的强化效果.C和B含量显著影响碳化物和硼化物的析出量,还可间接抑制TCP相析出;Zr含量对MC和M23C6碳化物的析出有影响;增Co降Cr和调节合金元素含量以获得小的点阵错配度是第3代涡轮盘用粉末冶金高温合金成分优化设计的趋势.     

一种单晶高温合金中g?相的析出行为

研究了固溶冷却速度和时效时间对一种镍基单晶高温合金中γ′相的析出的影响。合金经1 250℃固溶处理4 h,从炉中快速取出,分别进行空冷、油冷和水冷,以考察冷却速度对γ′相析出的影响。随后对固溶处理后试样进行时效处理,以考察时效时间和固溶冷却速度对γ′相长大的影响。结果表明,合金在固溶处理后,γ′相尺寸随固溶冷却速率的升高而下降。在时效处理时,γ′相尺寸的增大率随固溶冷却速度的增大而减小;随着时效时间的增加,γ′相的尺寸增加。     

热处理对第二代镍基单晶合金DD11显微组织及持久性能的影响

采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对铸态、固溶态和时效态的第二代镍基单晶合金DD11的显微组织进行定量表征,并测试了不同一级时效处理后的合金1 100℃/140MPa和980℃/250MPa条件下的持久性能。结果表明:合金经过1 320℃/6h固溶处理后,(γ+γ′)共晶相全部溶解,凝固偏析显著降低,合金组织均匀。一级时效温度低于1 160℃时,γ′相为方形,一级时效温度高于1 180℃时,γ′相为球形,γ通道显著变宽,并在通道内析出细小的γ′相。随一级时效温度提高,合金的持久寿命先增大后降低。持久性能与γ′相尺寸、体积分数及形态密切相关。     

堆垛层错能与反应力蠕变理论在第二相强化高温合金中的应用

在第二相强化的多元高温合金稳态蠕交速率方程的基础上,考虑了堆垛层错能与反应力蠕变理论,进而提出了一个新的稳态蠕变速率普遍式: 根据对Ni—Co二元合金,γ′相强化和氧化物弥散强化的镍基高温合金、以及γ′相含量不高不同含Co量的镍基高温合金(Waspaloy)和高γ′相含量的不同含Co量的镍基高温合金(Udimet 700)的蠕变进行验证,说明作者提出的稳态蠕变速率方程是可行的。     

铝锌比对Mg-Al-Zn合金时效析出的影响

探讨了不同铝锌比对Mg-Al-Zn合金时效析出组织和性能的影响。铝锌比从9：1减小为6：4和4：6后，合金的铸态组织得到细化，固溶后200℃和150℃时效，合金硬度峰值都降低，而且随着时效温度的降低，硬度峰值出现时问推迟，时效后合金抗拉强度和延伸率也有所下降。透射电镜观察发现，AZ64合金的γ-Mg17Al12析出相比AZ91中的细小，ATA6合金的析出相除了γ-Mg17Al12外，还有不少细小、与基体基面垂直的针状相MgZn′。     

GH220合金的基本组织

GH220合金正常热处理组织有γ基体。γ′、MC、M_6C和M_3B_2相。第一阶段晶粒长大温度1150℃—1170℃,第二阶段为1210℃。碳化物相M_6C最大析出峰在1000℃左右,并发现不同成分的二种M_6C相。 正常热处理得不到大小二种γ′,等温弯晶热处理能得到大小γ′和弯曲晶界组织。 长期时效,低W、Mo、Al、Ti(17.61％)合金析出M_(23)C_6相。当W+Mo大于12％(如12.31％)正常热处理会析出少量μ相;等于12％时,时效后才出现μ相。 合金中加入微量元素Mg可改变碳化物形状,使之细化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~     

Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has